scholarly journals Radiocarbon Chronology of Chuzhjajol Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (37) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Victor N. Karmanov ◽  
◽  
Natalia E. Zaretskaya ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

Authors summarize and analyze the data on the 14C chronology of the Chuzhjajol culture in the Far northeast of the Europe (the Komi Republic and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug or the basins of the Pechora, Vychegda and Mezen rivers). As a result of the study of dwellings at the sites Vadniur I/7A, Vadniur I/5 and Muchkas, 17 new dates were obtained and its most probable age was determined within the framework of 4th – mid. 3rd millennium BC. These data make possible to attribute more convincingly the earliest manifestations of the Chuzhjajol traditions in the region to the Neolithic, and their further development to the Chalcolithic. However, evidence of metalworking at the sites of this culture has not been identified, and its dynamics is so far expressed only in pottery: the use of natural organic inclusions in clay and the simplification of the design of «lips». This probably indicates a connection with the bearers of porous ceramics of the Garino tradition. It was determined that dwellings of the Vadniur type on the Vychegda and Mezen rivers are the oldest structures in Northern Eurasia with a complex system of ventilation and heating of living space in the form of horizontal channels connected with fireplaces. The materials obtained as a result of the excavation of the basic complexes of the Chuzhjajol culture allows to date those using different materials and to determine the possibilities of using geochronometric methods on the archaeological sites of the taiga zone. The total volume of the obtained information determines the problem of finding the origins of Chuzhjajol traditions of housebuilding, flint knapping and pottery, which are unique for the region under study.

scholarly journals Vadniur I/7 — the final Neolithic and Eneolithic site of the Vychegda River

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
V.N. Karmanov
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Ceramic Vessel ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Site

The author presents the results of his own survey of the Vadniur I settlement carried out in 2017. The site is located on the right bank of the Vychegda River in the Syktyvkar city, the Komi Republic (north-eastern Europe). The danger of destruction of the site by the river erosion erged the comprehensive excavation of the total area of 210.5 m2. This has made it possible to preserve the historical and cultural information from the site and to obtain new data for the study of the Neolithic and Eneolithic cultures of north-eastern Europe. Based on stratigraphy, planigraphy and comparative-typological method, two complexes of different periods — Vadniur I/7A and Vadniur I/7B — have been identified. The former includes the remains of a rectangular 11x5 m dwelling with the total area of ca. 55 m2, with three hearths (nos. I, II and IV) and two horizontal ventilation channels (nos. I and II). The construction is associated with a ca. 8.5 m2 section of redeposited cultural layer containing artefacts, which is probably the result of cleaning of the living space in ancient times. The dwelling complex includes 428 stone items, fragments of two ceramic pots and three ceramic objects, small unidentifiable fragments of calcified bones. According to two radiocarbon measurements, the Vadniur I/7A complex dates to the first half of the 4th mil. BC. This data, together with construction features, technical and typological charac-teristics of ceramics and flint tools, allow attributing it to the early period of the Chuzhyael'skaya Culture in north-eastern Europe. Currently, Vadniur I/7A is the oldest structure of this type in Northern Eurasia. The research opens new per-spectives for the study of genesis of the Chuzh"yael'skaya Culture, which is also associated with searching for sources of origin of housebuilding, flint knapping and pottery traditions unique for the northeast of Europe. The Vadniur I/7B complex has been identified as a compact cluster of ceramic vessel fragments and few flint artefacts. They were related to the traces of hearth no. III and together may represent remains of a short-term camp. The comparative-typological method allows to identify it as a site of the Choynovtinskaya Culture of the Eneolithic Volosovo-Garinskaya cultural com-munity of the 3rd — first half of the 2nd mil. BC.

Early Upper Paleolithic in Eastern Europe and Implications for the Dispersal of Modern Humans

Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 315 (5809) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Anikovich ◽  
A. A. Sinitsyn ◽  
John F. Hoffecker ◽  
Vance T. Holliday ◽  
V. V. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Luminescence Dating ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating ◽  
Figurative Art ◽  
Early Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Don River

Radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence dating and magnetic stratigraphy indicate Upper Paleolithic occupation—probably representing modern humans—at archaeological sites on the Don River in Russia 45,000 to 42,000 years ago. The oldest levels at Kostenki underlie a volcanic ash horizon identified as the Campanian Ignimbrite Y5 tephra that is dated elsewhere to about 40,000 years ago. The occupation layers contain bone and ivory artifacts, including possible figurative art, and fossil shells imported more than 500 kilometers. Thus, modern humans appeared on the central plain of Eastern Europe as early as anywhere else in northern Eurasia.

scholarly journals A Revised Radiocarbon Chronology of the Aceramic Shell Midden of Ra’s Al-Hamra 6 (Muscat, Sultanate of Oman): Implication For Occupational Sequence, Marine Reservoir Age, and Human Mobility

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Zazzo ◽  
Olivia Munoz ◽  
Emilie Badel ◽  
Irène Béguier ◽  
Francesco Genchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Shell Midden ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Entire Sequence ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Reservoir Age ◽  
Bone Apatite

AbstractRa’s al-Hamra 6 (RH-6) is one of the earliest stratified archaeological sites along the eastern littoral of the Arabian Peninsula. This shell midden was radiocarbon dated to the 6th–5th millennium cal BC, but the majority of the dates were obtained before the advent of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating and suffer from large uncertainties. In addition, most of these dates were obtained on marine and mangrove shells and required correction for local variations from the global average marine 14C reservoir age (MRA). This proved difficult because no consensus value exists for this period in the area. Recent excavations at RH-6 offered the opportunity to redate this important site in order to precisely determine its occupation history and later use as a graveyard, and establish the marine reservoir effect for this time period. Thirty-eight samples of charcoal, shells, and human bone apatite were selected for 14C dating. Bayesian modeling of the 14C dates suggests that the formation of the shell midden spanned ~1 millennium, between the mid-6th and the mid-5th millennium cal BC. Positive and consistent ΔR values were calculated throughout the entire sequence, ranging from 99±27 to 207±43 14C yr. At the beginning of the 4th millennium cal BC, RH-6 was used as a graveyard, as suggested by the 14C dating of a shell in strict association with an individual buried at the surface of the site. 14C dating of human bone apatite allowed us to calculate that 89% of this individual’s diet derived from marine resources. This finding confirms previous observations showing the overwhelming presence of marine and mangrove-dwelling species in the faunal and charcoal assemblage, and implies a low mobility, or mobility restricted to the coast for this population during the 4th millennium cal BC.

Flora of technologenic landscapes of the taiga zone of the European North-East (Komi Republic)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Martynenko ◽  
◽  
B.I. Gruzdev
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
North East ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
European North ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Synanthropic Flora

The results of a long-term studu of the flora of technologenichabitats of the taiga zone of the Komi Republic are summarized. An annotated list of vascular plants is presented, including 406 species from 222 genera and 52 families. For each of them, it is indicated that they belong to a life from, an element of the flora and type of area, an ecologicsl group, zonal and ecotopic affinity. Data on the taxonomic composition of vascular plants, the biomorphrological, geographical, and ecological structures of synanthropic flora, the diversity of synanthropic plant communities, and the stages of vegetation restoration in disturbed areas are presented.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Chronology of the Shigir and Gorbunovo Archaeological Bog Sites, Middle Urals, Russia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 783-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia E Zaretskaya ◽  
Sönke Hartz ◽  
Thomas Terberger ◽  
Svetlana N Savchenko ◽  
Mikhail G Zhilin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Late Mesolithic ◽  
Ams Dates

Two well-known archaeological sites, the peat bogs of Shigir and Gorbunovo (Middle Urals, Russia), have been radiocarbon dated (61 conventional and accelerator mass spectrometry [AMS] dates from various natural and artifact samples). For the first time, a detailed chronology of Early to Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic occupation for this region has been obtained, and a paleoenvironmental history reconstructed. Based on these results, we propose that the Mesolithic settlement of the Middle Urals region started in the early Holocene, at the same time as in central and eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Radiocaron Dates and Archaeology of the Late Pleistocene in the Japanese Islands

Radiocarbon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Ono ◽  
Hiroyuki Sato ◽  
Takashi Tsutsumi ◽  
Yuichiro Kudo
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
New World ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Early Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Japanese Islands ◽  
Late Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Early Upper

We discuss the radiocarbon chronology of Late Pleistocene archaeology in the Japanese islands. In sum, 429 samples from more than 100 archaeological sites were compiled and then divided into three periods and four stages. The Early Upper Paleolithic, characterized by Trapezoid industries, lasted during approximately 34-26 ka. The Late Upper Paleolithic period includes both the backed-blade stage and point-tool stage, the latter appearing chronologically later than the former. This stage covers ~25–15 ka. The Final Upper Paleolithic and Incipient Jomon are distinguished by the appearance of microblade industries and the emergence of pottery at the end of this period. This period covers approximately 14-12 ka. The microblade tradition, in the broadest sense, is strongly connected to the background of peopling of the New World. New data on the transitional stage from the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic are also discussed in regards to three archaeological sites. Issues on the application of the 14C calibration to the whole Japanese Upper Paleolithic are critically evaluated.

Honda humanoid robots development

2006 ◽  
Vol 365 (1850) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Hirose ◽  
Kenichi Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Bipedal Walking ◽  
Development Work ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Legged Robot ◽  
Continuous Transition ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Further Development

Honda has been doing research on robotics since 1986 with a focus upon bipedal walking technology. The research started with straight and static walking of the first prototype two-legged robot. Now, the continuous transition from walking in a straight line to making a turn has been achieved with the latest humanoid robot ASIMO. ASIMO is the most advanced robot of Honda so far in the mechanism and the control system. ASIMO's configuration allows it to operate freely in the human living space. It could be of practical help to humans with its ability of five-finger arms as well as its walking function. The target of further development of ASIMO is to develop a robot to improve life in human society. Much development work will be continued both mechanically and electronically, staying true to Honda's ‘challenging spirit’.

scholarly journals Three-Part Appliques from Medieval Complexes of Lower Angara Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-126
Author(s):  
Maksakova D. ◽  
◽  
Senotrusova P. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Visual Research ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
The Moment

The present paper investigates three-part appliques from the ensemble of archaeological sites of Shivera Prospikhino, which was located in the Lower Angara region. The variants of this type of jewelry have been indicated, and their territorial distribution in the region and Northern Eurasia have been determined. The chronological frame of the extent of appliques during the research archaeological complex is presented. The highest diversity of variants of appliques are recorded in the burials of the 12th — middle 13th century. In the burials of the Mongol period (the 13th –14th century) appliques with a plain shield and items with a drawn line on shield predominate. Jewelry with a convex figured nose, with «pearls’ on the ears and with a drawn line in the center of the shield have not been not marked in the materials of nearby and distant archaeological complexes of Northern Eurasia. The paper puts forward a position on the universal using of three-part appliques. Visual research of the appliques allowed us to record technological traces that reflect the techniques of making jewelry. The characteristic of the recipe of the alloys used has been presented. At the moment, the published materials indicate that the territory of the Lower Angara region is the north-eastern border of the mass distribution of three-part appliques. Keywords: Lower Angara region, High Middle Ages, jewelry, appliques, typology, chronology, manufacturing techniques

scholarly journals The establishment of a breeding population of Smew Mergellus albellus in an atypical habitat on the Atlantic coast of Norway

Ornis Svecica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1–2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Jan E Østnes ◽  
Rolf T Kroglund
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Breeding Distribution ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Ground Nesting

In recent years, the Smew Mergellus albellus has established a breeding population of minimum 15 pairs on the coastal islands in Vikna municipality (65°N, 11°E) in Central Norway. As a result, the current breeding distribution of Smew extends throughout northern Eurasia, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. The habitat in Vikna is quite different from that of the coniferous taiga zone, and the population is probably ground-nesting. We suggest that the westward range expansion, and the ability to adapt to another habitat than the coniferous taiga zone, can make the Smew better able to cope with future impacts of global climatic change than predicted by present models.

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