scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Eksternal Yang Dominan Terhadap Biaya Overhead Proyek Konstruksi

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Hendi Wijaya ◽  
Basuki Anondho
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
External Factor ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Quality Work ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Components ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

ABSTRACTOverhead costs are one of the cost components that play an important role in the company's performance in maintaining good quality work. However, the overhead costs in a project are different and are influenced by several factors. One of the factors that influence it is the external factor of the project. The external factors of each project are different. This is because each project must adapt the workplace environment to certain functions, designs, and preferences. On that basis, to be able to better estimate the overhead in a project, further costs are needed for any external factors that affect construction overhead project costs, and a few percent of the direct costs of construction projects to anticipate the risks caused by overhead costs. . Data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to some people working in the construction sector from contractors in several regions in Indonesia. The analysis results obtained as many as 3 groups of external factors that affect construction project overhead costs, namely economic factors, legal factors, and sociocultural factors related to the COVID-19 pandemicABSTRAKBiaya overhead merupakan salah satu komponen biaya yang berperan dan berpengaruh penting terhadap kinerja perusahaan konstruksi dalam menjaga kualitas pekerjaan yang baik. Akan tetapi biaya overhead dalam suatu proyek berbeda-beda, dan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya ialah faktor eksternal proyek. Faktor eksternal dari setiap proyek berbeda-beda. Hal ini dikarenakan setiap proyek harus menyesuaikan lingkungan tempat kerja dengan fungsi, desain, serta prefensi tertentu. Atas dasar itu, untuk dapat lebih baik dalam mengestimasi biaya overhead dalam sebuah proyek maka diperlukan identifikasi lebih jauh terhadap faktor-faktor eksternal apa saja yang dominan berpengaruh terhadap biaya overhead proyek konstruksi, dan menyisihkan beberapa persen dari biaya langsung proyek konstruksi untuk mengantisipasi resiko yang disebabkan oleh biaya overhead.  Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terstruktur  yang disebarkan kepada sejumlah orang yang bekerja di bidang konstruksi dari pihak kontraktor di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh sebanyak 3 kelompok faktor eksternal yang dominan mempengaruhi biaya overhead proyek konstruksi, yaitu  faktor ekonomi, faktor legal, dan faktor sosial-budaya yang juga berkenaan dengan adanya pandemi COVID-19. 

scholarly journals Critical Cost Overrun Factors and its Controlling Measures in Construction Sector of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Samiullah Sohu ◽  
Ashfaque A. Jhatial ◽  
Qadir B. Jamali ◽  
Abdul H. Buller ◽  
Imtiaz A. Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Control Cost ◽  
Controlling Measures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Construction projects facing cost overrun is a common problem in developing countries, including Pakistan. This research paper identifies the major cost overrun factors faced by construction projects in Pakistan and also provides recommendations to reduce the cost overrun. To main objectives of this research is to identify the critical cost overrun factors and its controlling measures. To attain objectives, the first in-depth literature review was conducted, which helped to identify 33 common cost overrun factors. Secondly, a structured questionnaire was established among stakeholders of the construction sector to share feedback about the critical cost overrun factors. Results showed that stakeholders of construction projects (consultant, contractor, and client) have a different perception of cost overrun. After identification of major cost overrun factors, interviews were carried among mostly experienced stakeholders for mitigation and control measures. This research delivers a better understanding of major cost overrun factors. Also, it provides recommendations to stakeholders of construction projects as well as other professionals of Pakistan to control cost overrun.

scholarly journals The Study of the Use and Application of Design-Build Contracts and Build-Operate-Transfer Contracts in Construction Sector of Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Sarbaz Abdulhameed AL-DABBAGH ◽  
◽  
Gökhan GELİŞEN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Delivery Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Design Build ◽  
Republic Of Turkey

Design-Build (DB) and Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) contracts are the two types of public-private-partnerships that are widely used in the region that are aimed in this study. The objectives of this study were to analyze and compare DB and BOT projects in terms of project costs and durations. In order to analyze and compare Design-Build (DB) and Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) projects, this study collected data by means of convenient random sampling, from construction projects built by five ministries of Republic of Turkey. Statistical tests were conducted to determine if the metrics related to cost and schedule were significantly different from each other in these two types of projects. The findings of this study will help the public agencies decide what delivery method is best for their projects in terms of controlling costs and schedule. Results show that DB projects outperform BOT projects in terms of cost and schedule. The results of this research will enable governments to become more familiar with comparisons between DB and BOT distribution methods, and the findings will help the ministries to choose swhich delivery method is suitable for use on a project-based.

scholarly journals LIGHTER HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE BEAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Nuri Mohamed Elbasha
Keyword(s):  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Experimental Proof ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Normal Strength ◽  
The Cost

High strength concrete (HSC) has been used extensively in civil construction projects worldwide because it reduces the cross section and the weight of long construction members. In recent years a marked increase in the use of High Strength Concrete (HSC) has been evident in Australian building construction despite the fact that the current Australian design standard provides no design rules for such a material. Very limited information on the properties of HSC and its design and construction processes are available in Australia, although in recent times many studies have been undertaken to produce material and, more importantly, to determine its characteristic. In the last 20 years there has been extensive research to economically utilize new components to improve the quality of HSC. HSC produces smaller but stronger structural elements with large spaces available. It has been studied that the cost of using HSC instead of Normal Strength Concerete (NSC) in different types of constructions. This proved that structures constructed with HSC are lighter and economical compared with those constructed with NSC. In the long term durability significantly affects project costs. In other words after several years a concrete structure needs rehabilitation or in critical cases must be demolished, therefore the price of a project consists of initial costs plus those covering any rehabilitation. A huge amount of money could be saved by utilizing the durability characteristics of high strength concrete. This study presents recent information and the benefits of high strength concrete. Also, provides in brief an experimental proof that installing a helix with a suitable pitch and diameter in the compression zone of beams significantly enhances their strength and ductility. Therefore, designers could confidently use high-strength concrete and helical confinement to design long and light reinforced concrete beams.

scholarly journals Identifying the Key Causes and Impacts of Variation Orders in Iraqi Construction Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Wissam Alhadithi ◽  
Hafth I. Naji ◽  
Raquim N. Zehawi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
External Factors ◽  
System Dynamic ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Cost Variation ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
The Cost

  Variation Orders is often a reason for construction projects exceeding projects budget and delays; it is a global problem, particularly intensive in the case of a recession of the local economy and stagnation. In Iraq, all the projects have delays in completion, and the cost affects because of the variation orders, which are not well managed. The objective of this study was to identify the key causes responsible for the variation order in construction projects in Iraq using the system dynamic. System's dynamics is the discipline of academics and rooted initially been in management and the engineering sciences. The data relating to the performance of construction projects from 27 projects adopted by Diyala University were collected. Personal interviews and questionnaires survey to the selected projects of specialized engineers were done. The results revealed that the size of variation orders in Iraqi construction projects was high, and 13 key causative factors led to variation orders. The variation in cost was the most influential factor effecting the construction project in Iraq.  When variation orders in a cost increased, the owner's opinion decreased. When the external factors increased, cost variation orders increased. It was concluded that minimizing the variation orders was very important to realize the cost in the construction projects. Therefore, the authority management and project managers must make a plan to address these key causes in future projects to ensure their success

scholarly journals Assessment of the Cost and Time Impact of Variation Orders on Construction Projects in Sulaimani Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-125
Author(s):  
Karukh Hassan Mohammad ◽  
Noori Sadiq Ali ◽  
Basira Majeed Najm
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Type Size ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
One Way Anova

Variation orders are an on-going phenomenon in construction and industry projects worldwide, particularly in the province of Sulaimani, where the project's damage from cost and schedule overrun because of variation orders. However, the effect on project costs and time overrun of variation order has yet to be identified. This study evaluates the impact of variation orders on the cost and time off in the Sulaimani governorate. Two hundred twenty-eight projects from various construction sectors built between 2007-2012 were adopted to calculate the contract cost and schedule overruns due to variation orders. Data analysis was applied in the study were descriptive statistics. One-way ANOVA was also applied to determine whether the overrun of project cost and schedule significantly varied depending on project type, size, duration, location, and awarded years. The findings indicated that cost overruns are very common due to variation orders. 95.6% of the projects were studied being impacted, and overrun in project cost are also huge, with 16%. Time also overruns more common than cost overruns due to the variation orders. 98.7% of the projects were studied in Sulaimani were affected by time overrun with an average of 46.3% of initial duration observed. Findings also indicated that two out of five parameters measured in the analysis had a significant correlation with project cost overruns. Three out of five considered variables correlated with construction time overruns. 

The Effect of Desert Environment on the Cost of Construction Projects (Materials Transportation)

2020 ◽  
Vol 897 ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Kadhim Raheim Erzaij ◽  
Rouwaida Hussein Ali
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Desert Environment ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Work Site ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Construction project costs are often related to the availability of construction materials and proximity to the work site. So this paper studied the effect of transportation of materials on the cost of construction projects in the desert and identified the increment percentages of materials cost in comparison with main cities and re-accounted the BOQ items prices in the desert cities. The results showed that the cost of some works may be doubled in the desert areas due to lack of construction materials and high transport costs.

scholarly journals PENGARUH FAKTOR KARAKTERISTIK DEMOGRAFI TERHADAP BIAYA PROYEK INFRASTRUKTUR DESA TERTINGGAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Pieter Geni ◽  
Basuki Anondho
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
T Test ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
F Test ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Simultaneous Influence

According to the PDTu Strategic Plan, one of the factors affecting project in disadvantaged villages is the demographic characteristic factor in the region. These factors surely affect the cost of construction projects. Therefore, this study will analyze how much influence the characteristics of demographic characteristics have on project costs in disadvantaged villages. The study was conducted by collecting demographic characteristics data from BPS and cost of the road projects in the border area that had been converted in cost / km. Analysis of the data in this study using the SPSS program. The analysis begin with classical assumption test (normality and heterokedasticity test) and multiple linear regression test analysis (F test, t test and R2 calculation). Based on the F test and R2 calculation, the factors of demographic characteristics have a simultaneous influence and of 66.4% on the cost of underdeveloped village projects. But in the t test, only location and urbanization factors partially affect project costs. Therefor, new model of that 2 variable is needed. Based on the newest model, it can be concluded that the two variables have simultaneous influence and as much as 60.6% on the project costs. Geographical difficulty index factor is the most influential factor. AbstrakMenurut Rencana Strategis PDTu, salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan proyek di desa tertinggal merupakan faktor karakteristik demografi di wilayah tersebut. Faktor-faktor tersebut juga tentu mempengaruhi biaya proyek konstruksinya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan menganalisa seberapa besar pengaruh faktor-faktor karakteristik demografi terhadap biaya proyek di desa tertinggal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data-data karakteristik demografi dari badan pusat statistik serta data biaya proyek jalan di daerah perbatasan yang telah dikonversi dalam biaya/km. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan program SPSS. Analisis dilakukan dengan uji asumsi klasik (uji normalitas dan heterokedastisitas) dan analisis uji regresi linear berganda (uji F, t dan perhitungan R2). Berdasarkan uji F dan perhitungan R2, faktor- faktor karakteristik demografi mempunyai pengaruh secara simultan dan sebesar 66.4% terhadap biaya proyek desa tertinggal. Namun dalam uji t, hanya faktor lokasi dan urbanisasi yang mempengaruhi biaya proyek secara parsial. Sehingga dilakukan uji F, t dan perhitungan R2 untuk 2 variabel untuk mendapatkan model yang baru. Berdasarkan model terbaru, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua variabel mempunyai pengaruh secara simultan dan sebesar 60.6% terhadap biaya proyek. Faktor indeks kesulitan geografis menjadi faktor yang paling berpengaruh.

Formation Of An Estimate For A State Contract With A Firm Price In The Construction Sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
The State ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Capital Construction

The issues of determining the estimated cost of capital construction projects with the involvement of Federal budget funds at the stage of development of project documentation, during verification of the accuracy of determining the estimated cost and the initial (maximum) contract price are considered. On the basis of the assessment of amendments to urban planning legislation for the purpose of implementing a state contract by the contractor ( based on the results of competitive procedures or without competitive procedures by decision of state authorities), the procedure for forming the estimate as part of a state (municipal) contract, the price of which is firm, is presented. For the purpose of mutual settlements between the customer and the contractor for the work performed, the formation of primary accounting documentation, as well as for checking the work performed by regulatory authorities, an example of drawing up an estimate of the state (municipal) contract on the basis of grouping costs according to structural elements and complexes of work is given. The result of the research conducted was the development of regulations and the formation of criteria for their practical application by state bodies, institutions, organizations and other participants in the investment-construction process, as well as recipients of budget funds, who perform the functions of the state (municipal) customer, developer and technical customer.

Inhibiting Factors of Cost Performance in UAE Construction Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Salem Ahmed Marey Alhammadi ◽  
◽  
Aftab Hameed Memon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

UAE construction industry frequently faces poor cost performance which commonly known as cost overrun problem. This problem is resulted from several factors and it is important to identify these cost overrun factors in order to avoid and minimize it. Hence, this paper focused on determined the relevancy of factors affecting cost performance in construction projects of UAE. Through a review of past research works conducted globally, 27 factors of cost overrun were listed and used for developing a structured questionnaire. A survey was conducted with 33 practitioners from client, consultant and contractors organizations involved in handling construction projects in UAE. The respondents were requested to state their perception regarding the relevancy of each of the factors that was perceived in context with cost overrun issue using 5-points Likert scale. The responses were analysed using average index method and the results found that all the 27 factors are relevant with construction industry of UAE in causing cost overrun. These factors can be used for further investigation to uncover critical problems of cost overrun.

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