scholarly journals The Effect of High Amounts of Wheat Gluten Meal and Corn Gluten Meal Added to the Diets on Some Serum Parameters in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
Recep Gümüş ◽  
Nazlı Ercan ◽  
Halit İmik
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Serum Parameters ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wheat Group ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Group Serum

The aim of this study was to determine the effects on some serum parameters of wheat and corn gluten diet, which is also a high protein source. A total of 24 male rats aged 20 days and divided into 3 groups, each containing 8 rats were used in the study. The majority of the protein content in the diet of soybean meal as a Control group; in the diet of wheat gluten as a Wheat group; in the diet of corn gluten as a Corn group were composed. At the end of the study, blood samples taken from all animals were analysed. In the study, serum glucose, TP, urea, creatinine and BUN levels were found to be significantly decreased in Corn group compared to Wheat group. Serum ALT levels were similar with the Control and Wheat groups, but it was found to be significantly decreased in the Corn group. Serum AST levels were significantly lower in the Corn group. Serum GGT levels were significantly lower in both Corn and Wheat groups compared to Control group. Serum Ca and P levels were similar with all groups, whereas Mg levels were significantly decreased in Wheat and Corn groups compared to the Control group. As a result, it can be said that corn gluten added to the diet has more positive effects than wheat gluten in terms of both liver enzyme activities (AST, ALT and GGT) and renal parameters (Urea and BUN).

Effects of fermented corn gluten meal on growth performance, serum parameters, intestinal morphology, and immunity performance of three-yellow broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiaolan Liu ◽  
Long Jin ◽  
Qinan Wen ◽  
Yonggen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Serum Parameters ◽  
Level Increase ◽  
Corn Gluten

A study was conducted to determine the effects of a diet containing solid-state fermented corn gluten meal (FCGM) with Bacillus natto and Lactobacillus on the growth performance, serum parameters, immune indices, and intestinal morphology of three-yellow broilers. A total of 450 one-d-old three-yellow male broilers were randomly allocated into three dietary treatment groups: control (without FCGM), T1, and T2 [5% and 10% replacement with corn gluten meal (CGM) and FCGM, respectively]. Ten replications per treatment and 15 birds per repeat were utilized. The results showed that the FCGM had a lower neutral detergent fiber content and higher small peptide content than the CGM. The average daily gain values, globulin content, the thymus and spleen indices of three-yellow broilers fed 5% and 10% FCGM were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of the control group, and the three-yellow broilers that were fed 10% FCGM increased more than those that were fed 5% FCGM (P < 0.05). The villus lengths and the ratios of the villus height to crypt depth (V:C) of the duodenum of three-yellow broilers fed 5% and 10% FCGM were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). From this study, it can be concluded that the productivity performances of three-yellow broilers fed with 5% FCGM and 10% FCGM increased, and with the additive level increase in the diet, increases of the productivity performance were observed.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Effects of Using Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Linum Usitatissimum and Rosa Damascena on Liver Function in Adult Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Padam ◽  
◽  
Ameneh Khoshvaghti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims: Damage to liver tissue and its dysfunction is very important and if left untreated, it can cause serious problems and even death. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Linum usitatissimum and Rosa damascena on liver enzymes, total protein, bilirubin, albumin, and serum glucose levels. Materials and Methods: This is a non-randomized clinical trial conducted on 42 male rats divided into 6 groups; control group (group 1) received only sufficient water and food, groups 1 and 2 received 300 and 500 mg/ kgB.W Linum usitatissimum extract, groups 3 and 4 received 500 and 1000 mg/ kgB.W Rosa damascena, and group 6 received 100 mg/ kgB.W Linum usitatissimum plus 250 mg/ kgB.W Rosa damascena extracts intraperitoneally for 28 days. After the last injection, the rats were weighed and their blood samples were collected. The study parameters were measured using a colorimetric method by a spectrophotometer, and then were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test in SPSS V. 25 at a significance level of P<0.05. Findings: There was no significant difference between alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin levels in the control group in comparison with other groups (P>0.05). In the groups received Rosa damascena extract, there was a significant difference between total protein and albumin levels compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference between serum glucose and aspartate aminotransferase in the control group compared to other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Linum usitatissimum and Rosa damascena have no negative effect on the liver function. The probability of diarrhea occurrence and the possible effects on the total protein and serum albumin after using Rosa damascena, and the effects of different doses of Linum usitatissimum on the glucose levels should be taken into account.

scholarly journals Effects of different exercise loads on serum betatrophin (ANGPTL-8/lipasin) and cartonectin (CTRP-3) levels in metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Emre Karaman ◽  
Cengiz Arslan ◽  
Mehmet Ferit Gürsu
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives The number of studies examining the circulating level change of betatrophin and cartonectin in metabolic syndrome applying different loads of exercise is limited. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how different loads of exercises regulate the betatrophin and cartonectin levels in metabolic syndrome induced rats. Methods A total of 24 Wistar-Albino male rats were used in the study. Rats were divided into four groups as follows; G1: control group (fed with standard diet and tap water), G2: metabolic syndrome group (without exercise application), G3: metabolic syndrome + aerobic exercise group (aerobic exercise applied), G4: metabolic syndrome + anaerobic exercise group (anaerobic exercise applied). Betatrophin and Cartonectin levels were determined by ELISA method in serum samples. Results There was a statistically significant difference in betatrophin levels between the groups and this differentiation was caused by G2 (p <0.05). Cartonectin levels were not significantly different between groups (p> 0.05). Conclusions It can be concluded that anaerobic exercises have more positive effects on glucose balance in metabolic syndrome than aerobic exercises, and by regulating betatrophin levels, anaerobic exercises indicate this effect.

scholarly journals Conventional solid fermentation alters mycotoxin contents and microbial diversity analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of a Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Yang ◽  
Z.B. Yang ◽  
W.R. Yang ◽  
H.R. Li ◽  
C.Y. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxin ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Solid Fermentation

Fusarium mycotoxins, commonly present in corn and its derived products for animals, has caused significant economic impact on swine reproduction in the People’s Republic of China. The objective of the present study, therefore, was to evaluate changes in mycotoxin contents and microbial diversity by conventional solid fermentation of a contaminated diet. Three diets were evaluated, as follows: control group, basal diet; test group 1 (25 Toxin), basal diet in which corn and corn gluten meal were replaced with 25% mycotoxin-contaminated corn and corn gluten meal, respectively; test group 2 (50 Toxin), basal diet in which corn and corn gluten meal were replaced with 50% mycotoxin-contaminated corn and corn gluten meal, respectively. Compound strains were used for solid-state fermentation of the compound feed. Under the present experimental conditions, conventional solid fermentation altered microbial diversity, as demonstrated by high-throughput sequencing of a Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated diet, and the content of zearalenone (ZEA) was reduced significantly. However, deleterious effects were also observed with regard to the contents of deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B1 (FUMB1). These results may have implications for animals consuming Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated food or feed by conventional solid fermentation.

scholarly journals Impact of replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources on the growth performance in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) diets

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Al-Thobaiti ◽  
K. Al-Ghanim ◽  
Z. Ahmed ◽  
E. M. Suliman ◽  
S. Mahboob
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Plant Protein Sources ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Plant Sources

Abstract The present study aimed to assess the appropriate level of replacement of fish meal (FM) with alternative plant sources in the feed fed to Oreochromis niloticus to evaluate the growth performance. Three isoproteinious (40% crude protein) diets were prepared from different ingredients viz., fish meal, corn gluten meal, wheat gluten meal, and bagasse kenna meal. O. niloticus showed a maximum increase in weight as 9.70, 11.09, 8.53 and 8.32 g during the 2nd, 2nd, 3rd and 2nd fortnight with feeding treatment A, B, C and D, respectively. The growth performance of the fish in terms of weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the fish fed with 20% replacement of fishmeal in diet B. The worst growth performance was observed in fish fed with commercial diet, designated as diet D. It was concluded that the fish meal can be replaced up to 20 percent with other plant protein sources without any negative impact on fish health. The replacement of fish meal with local plant sources (corn gluten meal, wheat gluten meal, soybean meal and bagasse kenna mix) will not only be beneficial to achieve better growth performance in O. niloticus, it will be a value addition as well.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Organic Amendments and Flaming for Weed Control in Matted-row Strawberry

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy W. Miller ◽  
Carl R. Libbey ◽  
Brian G. Maupin
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
First Year ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Average Individual

Propane flaming and organic amendments were evaluated for usefulness in matted-row strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.). Flaming was used once before transplanting ‘Hood’ strawberry (PRETR), twice before transplanting (PRETR + PRETR), or once before and once after transplanting (PRETR + POSTR) and compared with rototilling before transplanting in 2000–02. Organic amendments tested across flame treatments included corn gluten meal (CGM) at two rates, wheat gluten (WG), and mustard seed meal (MSM) with high or low glucosinolate content, and herbicides included oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin, and a combination of oxyfluorfen + pendimethalin. Amendments/herbicides were applied immediately POSTR in Year 1 and again to established plants in late winter of Year 2. All plots were weeded by hand after weed evaluations were completed and weeding hours recorded. The trial was conducted twice: Iteration 1 and Iteration 2. Effect of flaming on grass and broadleaf weed ratings was brief during Year 1 of both iterations, with only slight differences observed in June and no differences by September. Total weeding time was reduced 12% by flaming PRETR once compared with rototilling in Iteration 1 and was reduced 10% by all flame treatments in Iteration 2. Rototilling reduced total berry yield and average individual fruit weight compared with flaming treatments in Iteration 1; there was no significant effect of flame on strawberry yield or individual fruit weight in Iteration 2. Organic amendments did not reduce weeding time in Iteration 1 compared with the nontreated control, although weeding time was increased 18% by CGM at 487 kg·ha−1 compared with synthetic herbicide treatments. In Iteration 2, total weeding time was reduced 14% for the two pendimethalin treatments and for high-glucosinolate MSM compared with nontreated control plots. First-year strawberry leaf area was reduced by oxyfluorfen + pendimethalin compared with nontreated strawberries (802 and 1086 cm2/plant, respectively) and was generally increased with organic amendments. Strawberry yield in Iteration 1 was increased ≈14% by CGM at 974 kg·ha−1 and WG and low-glucosinolate MSM compared with nontreated strawberry. Oxyfluorfen and oxyfluorfen + pendimethalin reduced strawberry yield by ≈20% and average individual fruit weight by ≈9% (14.8 and 14.5 g/fruit) compared with nontreated strawberry (16.1 g/fruit); high-glucosinolate MSM also reduced average individual fruit weight to 14.8 g/fruit. There were no significant effects of amendments/herbicides on strawberry yield parameters in Iteration 2.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antidiabetic Effects of Aqueous Extract of the Leaves and Fruits of Avicennia Marina in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Male Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Leila Kamaei ◽  
◽  
Davood Moghadamnia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sham Group ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Insulin Level ◽  
Rat Hearts

Background: In this study, the anti-diabetic effect of the extract of leaves and fruits of Avicennia marina (A. marina) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male rats was investigated. Methods: An experimental study was conducted on 45 adult male rats in 9 groups of 5 rats. The control group received normal food only. Other groups were made diabetic by injecting them with 60 mg/kg intraperitoneal STZ injection. Diabetic groups were: one Sham Group (STZ only), one Positive Diabetic Group (STZ + 0.5 ml normal saline) and 6 experimental groups, treated with STZ plus 3 incremental doses (30, 60 and 120 mg/kg) of either leaves or fruits extract of A. marina for three consecutive days, using gavage method. 24 hours after the last extract administration, blood samples were taken from the rat hearts., the serum glucose and insulin levels were measured by glucose oxidase and ELISA methods, respectively, one week after the STZ injections and following 8-12 hours of fasting. Results: The extract of leaves and fruits of A. marina in all doses significantly decreased the serum glucose in diabetic rats compared to that in the Sham group. The extract of A. marina leaves at 30 mg/kg significantly increased the serum insulin level compared to that in Diabetic Sham Group. The extract of A. marina fruits at all doses significantly increased the serum insulin level in the Experimental Groups compared to the Sham Group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The extract of leaves and fruits of A. marina significantly reduced the serum glucose in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Metabolic Effects of Methanol Extract of Harmal (Peganum Harmal ) in Rats Fed With Normal Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-431
Author(s):  
Esmail Mollashahi ◽  
◽  
Hamid Reza Kazerani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects

Aims: The research aimed to investigate the effects of harmal (Peganum harmal ) seed extract on the weight and some metabolic parameters. Methods & Materials: Male rats, in groups of 7, received different doses of the methanol extract of harmal seed (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/d body weight) or placebo via a gastric tube for 42 days. At the end of the experiment, the weights of the body, liver, spleen, and heart, and also the levels of some serum parameters, including glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, insulin, growth hormone, and thyroid hormones, as well as the composition of the carcass were investigated. Findings: The mean weight gain, food intake, and the serum level of triiodothyronine (T3) significantly declined in the rats receiving the extract at 400 mg/kg. In contrast, the serum level of cholesterol in the group increased (P<0.001). The serum levels of glucose were significantly lower in all experimental groups compared to the control. Furthermore, the groups treated with the methanol extract dose-dependently showed higher serum lactate dehydrogenase levels compared to the control (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed regarding other studied parameters compared with the control group. Conclusion: This research suggests positive effects for harmal extract on some metabolic parameters and weight. At least one of the involved mechanisms seems to be declined appetite and hence decreased feed intake.

scholarly journals Effects of sesame oil on learning and memory impairment and biomarkers of oxidative stress in rats with a long-term high-fat diet consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Rustaei ◽  
Reihaneh Sadeghian ◽  
Iraj Salehi ◽  
Abdolrahman Sarihi ◽  
Siamak Shahidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Nowadays, high-fat foods are eaten in most societies, which causes memory impairment and anxiety through the oxidative stress pathway. Sesame oil (SO) has potential antioxidant properties. Therefore, the effects of sesame oil on memory impairment and anxiety caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) in male rats were investigated. Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups (n = 10): control (standard diet; SD), the HFD, SD + SO (0.5, 1, or 2 ml/kg; once/day, gavage), and HFD + SO (0.5, 1, or 2 ml/kg; once/day, gavage) groups. All diets were given to the animals for three months. Finally, behavioral and oxidative stress parameters were measured. The step-through latency of retention test in SD + SO (0.5 or 1 ml/kg) groups increased more than the control group. Also, the Barnes test on training days revealed that the latency time to find the target hole increased in the HFD group compared with the control group. Moreover, the time spent on the open arms in the SD + SO (0.5 ml/kg) group improved remarkably than the control group. Total oxidant (TOS) level in the HFD + SO (0.5, 1, and 2 ml/kg) groups was lower than the HFD group. The level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the SD + SO (2 ml/kg) group was higher than the SD + SO (0.5 ml/kg) group and the amount of thiol in the HFD group decreased compared with the control group. These findings suggest that the positive effects of SO on memory and anxiety are probably due to its antioxidant properties and the elimination of free radicals.

scholarly journals The Postnatal Offspring of Finasteride-Treated Male Rats Shows Hyperglycaemia, Elevated Hepatic Glycogen Storage and Altered GLUT2, IR, and AR Expression in the Liver

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Paulina Kur ◽  
Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk ◽  
Marta Grabowska ◽  
Andrzej Kram ◽  
Maciej Tarnowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Glucose Transporter 2

Background: A growing body of data indicates that the physiology of the liver is sex-hormone dependent, with some types of liver failure occurring more frequently in males, and some in females. In males, in physiological conditions, testosterone acts via androgen receptors (AR) to increase insulin receptor (IR) expression and glycogen synthesis, and to decrease glucose uptake controlled by liver-specific glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2). Our previous study indicated that this mechanism may be impaired by finasteride, a popular drug used in urology and dermatology, inhibiting 5α-reductase 2, which converts testosterone (T) into dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Our research has also shown that the offspring of rats exposed to finasteride have an altered T–DHT ratio and show changes in their testes and epididymides. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess whether the administration of finasteride had an trans-generational effect on (i) GLUT-2 dependent accumulation of glycogen in the liver, (ii) IR and AR expression in the hepatocytes of male rat offspring, (iii) a relation between serum T and DHT levels and the expression of GLUT2, IR, and AR mRNAs, (iv) a serum glucose level and it correlation with GLUT-2 mRNA. Methods: The study was conducted on the liver (an androgen-dependent organ) from 7, 14, 21, 28, and 90-day old Wistar male rats (F1:Fin) born by females fertilized by finasteride-treated rats. The control group was the offspring (F1:Control) of untreated Wistar parents. In the histological sections of liver the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining (to visualize glycogen) and IHC (to detect GLUT-2, IR, and AR) were performed. The liver homogenates were used in qRT-PCR to assess GLUT2, IR, and AR mRNA expression. The percentage of PAS-positive glycogen areas were correlated with the immunoexpression of GLUT-2, serum levels of T and DHT were correlated with GLUT-2, IR, and AR transcript levels, and serum glucose concentration was correlated with the age of animals and with the GLUT-2 mRNA by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. Results: In each age group of F1:Fin rats, the accumulation of glycogen was elevated but did not correlate with changes in GLUT-2 expression. The levels of GLUT-2, IR, and AR transcripts and their immunoreactivity statistically significantly decreased in F1:Fin animals. In F1:Fin rats the serum levels of T and DHT negatively correlated with androgen receptor mRNA. The animals from F1:Fin group have statistically elevated level of glucose. Additionally, in adult F1:Fin rats, steatosis was observed in the liver (see Appendix A). Conclusions: It seems that treating male adult rats with finasteride causes changes in the carbohydrate metabolism in the liver of their offspring. This can lead to improper hepatic energy homeostasis or even hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, as well as some symptoms of metabolic syndrome and liver steatosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document