scholarly journals Determination of the Antagonistic Effects of Some Rhizospheric Bacteria against Macrophomina phaseolina under In Vitro Conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 2474-2479
Author(s):  
Özden Salman ◽  
Fatma Rana Bayram ◽  
Nuh Boyraz ◽  
Raziye Koçak
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Bacillus Atrophaeus ◽  
Rhizoctonia Bataticola ◽  
Rhizospheric Bacteria ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Varied Level

Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is a fungal pathogen causes charcoal rot disease (Sin: Rhizoctonia bataticola) and is responsible for significant yield losses in many plants. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the antagonistic ability of 39 different bacteria, isolated from the fields of sugar beet in 2019, against the pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from sugar beet, beans and chickpeas. Approximately 31% of the bacteria showed antibiosis effect against the pathogen. It was determined that the effectiveness level of Lelliottia amnigena, Bacillus atrophaeus, B.pumilus and B. cereus (7 isolates) was moderate to high against Macrophomina phaseolina. Bacillus atrophaeus (PTo15-1a) showed the highest efficacy of 80%, 72.94% and 82.35% against Macrophomina phaseolina of chickpea, bean and sugar beet respectively. Lelliottia amnigena (Pto 14-1b) was moderately effective (57.78%) against the chickpea isolate of the pathogen. It was observed that of the seven Bacillus cereus isolates used in the experiment, three isolates (Pto14-1a, Pto12-1b, Pto17-1b) were highly effective against the chickpea pathogen, two (Pto12-1b, Pto14-2b) against bean pathogen, and one (Pto15-1b) against sugar beet isolate. Results have shown varied level of antagonism by different test bacterial against different Macrophomina phaseolina isolates, while the highest level of antibiosis shown by Bacillus atrophaeus against all pathogenic isolates indicated that it can be a potential future bioagent in managing the disease.

Identifying and Characterizing Summer Diseases on ‘Babygold’ Peach in South Carolina

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Schnabel ◽  
Wenxuan Chai ◽  
Kerik D. Cox
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Rot Disease

Summer diseases can cause significant yield losses in processing peach varieties, such as the ‘Babygold’ lines. In this study we identified and characterized the pathogens responsible for disease outbreaks in two orchards (PH and JC) located in the northern ‘Piedmont’ area of South Carolina. Three pathogens, Geotrichum candidum, Colletotrichum acutatum, and Botryosphaeria dothidea, the causal agents of sour rot, anthracnose, and Botryosphaeria fruit rot disease respectively, were identified on fruit from orchard PH using symptomology, culture and spore morphology, and ribosomal DNA analysis. G. candidum and C. acutatum were also isolated from symptomatic fruit from orchard JC. The QoI fungicide azoxystrobin and a mixture of pyraclostrobin and boscalid were evaluated for their in vitro efficacy against five isolates of each of the three pathogens to investigate their possible usefulness in designing management strategies. Azoxystrobin inhibited mycelial growth of C. acutatum isolates (EC50 values of 0.01 to 0.55 mg/liter) but was ineffective against mycelium of G. candidum and B. dothidea isolates (EC50 values >300 mg/liter). The pyraclostrobin-boscalid mixture was highly effective against mycelium of C. acutatum (EC50 values of 0.01 to 0.05 mg/liter) and B. dothidea isolates (EC50 values of 0.02 to 0.03 mg/liter), but only marginally effective against mycelium of G. candidum (EC50 values 15.79 to 39.03 mg/liter). This study provides a diagnostic guide of pathogens that can cause summer diseases on ‘Babygold’ peaches and reports their in vitro sensitivity to registered respiration inhibitor fungicides. Accepted for publication 23 December 2005. Published 1 March 2006.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Fungicides against Soil Borne and Grapevine Pathogens under In vitro Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-531
Author(s):  
Anjali Singh ◽  
◽  
Ratna U. Thosar ◽  
Vijayshree Chavan ◽  
Sujoy Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Grape Vine ◽  
Rhizoctonia Bataticola ◽  
Wide Range

In vitro bio-efficacy of the novel copper (NC101 and NCP102) and phosphonate (PN103 and PMN104) based fungicides against various soil borne and grape vine pathogens was evaluated at ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, India during February - April 2021. The fungicides were screened against five bacterial pathogens viz. Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri, X. campestris pv. campestris, X. campestris pv. punicae, X. campestris pv. viticola and X. oryzae pv. oryzae and 10 fungal pathogens viz. Rhizoctonia bataticola, Sclerotium rolfsii, Cladosporium sp, Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Penicillium notatum, Magnaporthe oryzae, Fusarium oxysporium, Macrophomina phaseolina (Soyabean isolate) and Macrophomina phaseolina (Jute isolate) at different concentrations. Results indicated that among all the tested fungicides viz. NC101, NCP102, PN103 and PMN104, phosphonate based fungicides (PN103 and PMN104) were highly effective against bacterial isolates with zone of inhibition ranging between 8.75 - 31.12 mm in which X. campestris pv. viticola was found to express least inhibition zone. In case of pathogenic fungal isolates, similar trend was observed, most of the isolates showed cent percent inhibition at higher concentration of PN103 and PMN104. However Sclerotium rolfsii showed least or no inhibition when tested at different concentrations of fungicides. The chemicals exhibited wide range of inhibition and it was found to increase steadily with increase in concentrations of the test fungicides.

scholarly journals Effects of biocontrol agents and plant products Macrophomina phaseolina and colchicine content in Gloriosa superba

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Alice ◽  
S. Sundravadana
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Gloriosa Superba ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Tuber Rot

Gloriosa superba is a medicinal plant severely infested with soil-borne Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Under in vitro conditions a commercial formulation of Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens inhibited the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina isolates. Among the oil cake, mahua cake at 10% completely inhibited the mycelial growth of the M. phaseolina isolates. Under field conditions both the soil and foliar application of biocontrol agents is attributed to the healthy growth of G. superba crops by controlling the tuber rot disease and ultimately boosting the colchicine content.

scholarly journals Impact of silver nanoparticles and two biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasr A. Ghazy ◽  
Omnia A. Abd El-Hafez ◽  
A. M. El-Bakery ◽  
Dalia I. H. El-Geddawy
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Biological Treatments ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract Background Soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum was observed in various crops which lead to yield shortages and economic losses. Main body Therefore, both in vitro and in vivo experiments, aim to assess the effect of nanoparticles and biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet plant. The treatments comprised three silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) concentrations (50, 75, and 100 ppm), three Spirulina platensis extract concentrations (50, 75, and 100%), and Bacillus subtilis (1 × 109 CFU ml) 100%. Under in vitro condation, results of the antibacterial activity showed that the zones of inhibition recorded 4.33 cm for 100 ppm Ag NPs, 0.43 cm for 100% algal extract, and 0.2 cm for bacterial treatments. Also, disease incidence % of bacterial soft rot was significantly decreased in all treatments in pot and field experiments. For resistant enzymes activity, B. subtilis 100% showed the most effect (84 mg min−1), followed by S. platensis extract 75%, (57 mg min−1), and Ag NPs 75 ppm (44 mg min−1), for poly phenol oxidase (PPO) at 81 days after sowing (DAS), but at 102 DAS revealed opposite results. On the contrary, peroxidase (PO) at 81 DAS showed different effects where treatment with S. platensis extract 100% increased it significantly (0.546 mg min−1) compared to control (0.535 mg min−1). The same trend was observed at 102 DAS. These results were reflected on sugar quality where Ag NPs 100 ppm treatment recorded the highest significant value (20.5%) followed by S. platensis 75% (19 %); however, the differences among them were not statistically significant. Conclusion This study indicated that the potential benefits of using silver nanoparticles and two biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L).

scholarly journals Application of organic fungicide in controlling basal stem rot disease for mature oil palm

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Happy WIDIASTUTI ◽  
Hayati MINARSIH ◽  
Djoko SANTOSO ◽  
Deden Dewantara ERIS ◽  
Galuh Wening PERMATASARI
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Fruiting Body Formation ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Basal Stem Rot ◽  
Body Formation ◽  
Rot Disease

Ganoderma is a major pathogen in oil palm crops. Some efforts related to control the growth of Ganoderma have been conducted but still have not found an effective method. This study aims to develop an organic fungicide that has been tested in vitro, which effective in controlling the growth of Ganoderma. The optimization carried out includes the determination of the dose and time interval for application in 13-year-old mature oil palm. This organic fungicide application was the continuation of application during the previous year especially for the two best treatment which is application organic fungicide every week (1w) and every two weeks (2w). In this study, the treatments tested were three levels dose of organic fungicide (0, 1x and 2x) and two types of frequency application, i.e. every week (1w) and every other week (2w). The results showed that the best application of organic fungicides was every week application with twice doses (1w.2x), based on the parameters of the inhibition of Ganoderma’s fruiting body formation, primary and secondary root formation, the opening of spear leaves, and harvesting parameters. The application of organic fungicide able to recover the oil palm infected Ganoderma sp., with increasing the fresh fruit bunch and its weight around 70% and 78%, respectively.

scholarly journals SURVEY, VARIETAL REACTION AND CHEMICAL CONTROL OF STRAWBERRY CHARCOAL ROT IN EGYPT

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Ramadan A. Bakr ◽  
Abdullah S. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Charcoal Rot ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Chemical Fungicides

A survey was carried out to know the occurrence of charcoal rot disease of strawberry caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in different selected locations representing different soil types during the growing season of strawberry in Badr and Kom Hamada Districts in El-Behira governorate, Egypt. Also, the effect of five chemical fungicides at five concentrations was determined in vitro and in vivo experiments against M. phaseolina compared to the control. A total of 69 strawberry samples collected from farmer’s fields. Disease incidence (DI) and percentage of disease incidence (PDI) and disease index were recorded. Results revealed that percentage of disease incidence varies among the surveyed locations. Macrophomina phaseolina isolates M3 and M4 were the most destructive isolates. Results indicate that the selected Four strawberry cultivars showed different susceptibility to charcoal rot and Festival was the high susceptible cultivar. Our findings revealed that at 100 ppm concentration the most of the fungicides used inhibited the M. phaseolina mycelium growth, however the higher rate was recorded with Sendo by 91.95 % followed by 91.12% in Rhizolex-T and the least rate was recorded with Ridomil gold plus by 31.67%. At 200 ppm Rhizolex-T gave the highest inhibition by 96.67%, followed by Sendo and Sandcur by 95.96 and 95.00 % respectively while Ridomil gold plus gave the least inhibition rate by 43.06%.Results illustrated that use of fungicides markedly increased the survival of strawberry plants. The highest plant survival percentage was recorded with Rhizolex-T by 80% followed Sendo by 60%, while least plants survival percentage was recorded with Ridomil gold plus by10% compared with infected untreated control.

scholarly journals Determination of Biocontrol Potential of Bacillus spp. and Stenotrophomonas sp. against Macrophomina phaseolina in Sunflower

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 2480-2485
Author(s):  
Özden Salman ◽  
Raziye Koçak ◽  
Nuh Boyraz
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Soil Pathogen ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Macrophomina phaseolina is a soil pathogen known as charcoal rot and can cause up to 90% yield loss in sunflower under suitable conditions. The serious damage caused by chemicals used in the control of soil-borne pathogens to the environment and health has become one of the most important concerns in agriculture. Therefore, in our study, it was aimed to determine the in vitro antagonistic effects of various bacterial species against M phaseolina. A total of 38 bacterial strains were isolated from soil samples in the rhizosphere of Malva sylvestris (hibiscus), Vicia sativa (vetch), Cicer arietinum (chickpea), Papaver rhoeas (weasel), Carlina marianum (thistle), Glebionis coronaria (crown daisy) and Vicia faba collected from Urla district of İzmir. All bacterial strains exhibited antibiosis effect under in vitro conditions, but it was determined that 5 bacterial isolates among them showed a high inhibition zone and showed an average inhibition potential ranging between 55% and 74%. The most effective bacteria identified at species and genus level by Maldi biotyping (MALDI-TOF MS) were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Stenotrophomonas sp. and Bacillus cereus (3 isolates), and these species showed that they can be important biocontrol agents in biological control against M. phaseolina.

scholarly journals Management of wilt and dry root rot diseases of redgram [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] by using actinomycetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
S. Malathi
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Fusarium Udum ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Actinomycetes were tested for their antagonistic activity against Fusarium udum and Macrophomina phaseolina under in vitro condition. Among the tested isolates of Actinomycetes AC (5) reported highest 82.85 per cent reduction of mycelial growth of Fusarium udum and 85.13 per cent reduction of mycelial growth of Macrophomina phaseolina. In the field experiment, five treatments were tested for the management of wilt and dry root rot disease, T3- ST+ SA with Actinomycetes (AC 5) significantly recorded 71.92 and 70.38 per cent reduction of the wilt and dry root rot diseases, respectively. These biocontrol agents were used an alternative to the chemical fungicide for controlling the wilt and dry root rot incidence and enhanced the plant growth parameters and there by increased yield in redgram.

scholarly journals Potential of few fungicides and plant extracts for managing charcoal rot of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Gold. in Madhya Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-393
Author(s):  
Sanjay ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Bal Kishan Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Charcoal Rot ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
Rot Disease

Charcoal rot disease of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a serious problem in most of the soybean growing area of Madhya Pradesh. In this study, seven plant extracts viz., leaves of Azadirachta indica, Citrus limon, Polyalthia longifolia, Parthenium hysterophorus and Ricinus communis, bulb of Allium sativum and Allium cepa and eight fungicides  viz., Captan (0.25%), Mancozeb (0.25%), Carbendazim + Mancozeb (25%), Thiophanate Methyl (0.1%), Pyraclostrobin (0.2%), Carbendazim (0.1%) and Blue copper (0.3% )  were evaluated for an effective management of charcoal rot of soybean caused by M. phaseolina (Tassi) Goid under in vitro and in vivo condition. Among plant extracts, garlic clove extract was found most effective showing 77.3 %  growth inhibition and poor microslerotia formation of M. phaseolina by 77.3 % followed by parthenium leaf extract (75.2% inhibition) at 15 % concentration. Two soil drenching of garlic clove extracts @ 15.0 % concentration also found most effective for the management of disease under field condition recorded minimum disease incidence (13.5%) and highest yield (14.6q/ha). Among fungicides, Carbendazim (0.1%) and Thiophanate Methyl (0.1%) showed 100 % inhibition of radial growth and microsclerotia production of M phaseolina under in vitro condition. Two soil drenching of Carbendazim @ 0.1%  found to be most effective for the management of charcoal rot of soybean under field condition showing minimum disease incidence (5.36%) and producing highest yield (16.0 q/ha) followed by Thiophanate Methyl. These results suggested that the toxic effect of Carbendazim  and Thiophanate Methyl  and  A. sativum inhibited maximum mycelium growth in vitro and provide management of charcoal rot disease under field conditions.

Efficacy of bioagents, biofertilizers and soil amendments to manage root rot in greengram

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monali A. Deshmukh ◽  
R. M. Gade ◽  
Y. K. Belkar ◽  
Mina D. Koche
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Rhizoctonia Bataticola

The potential of soil amendaments, bioagents and biofertilizers was evaluated for management of root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Rhizoctonia bataticola). Bioagents and biofertilizers i.e.Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and Rhizobium phaseoli exhibited significant inhibition of Rhizoctonia bataticola. Maximum inhibition was achieved by Trichoderma harzianum i.e. 80.5%. Compatibility amongst bioagents and biofertilizers were tested in vitro. Amongst them Trichoderma harzianum and Rhizobium phaseoli were found compatible to each other. In green house, seed treatment with the bioagents and biofertilizers and also application of soil amendments recorded good number of nodules. Application of FYM and seed treatment with R. phaseoli at 25 g/kg + P. fluorescens at 10 g/kg recorded maximum number of nodules (15.3). Different seed treatments with soil amendments were used for controlling root rot incidence. Among them (T6) FYM with seed treatment of T. harzianum 4 g/kg seed + PSB at 25 g/kg seed recorded the lowest root rot incidence (26.0%) followed by (T3) R. phaseoli at 25 g/kg seed + P. fluorescens at 10 g/kg seed which recorded 32.0% root rot incidence whereas, maximum incidence of the disease was recorded in the control (83.3%).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document