scholarly journals SEJARAH TRANSPORMASI SYARIAT ISLAM KEDALAM HUKUM NASIONAL

Author(s):  
Syafri Gunawan

This paper outlines the phases after the Islamic law in Indonesia, so in this paper the focus of the main problem is how to transform Islamic law into positive law in Indonesia. To answer this main issue, it will be divided into sub-headings about the period of acceptance of Islamic law in Indonesia, the bleak period of Islamic law in Indonesia, and the period of enlightenment of Islamic law to make part of the main alternatives in national law. In order to answer this main problem, the author uses the method of literature study by tracing classic books and books as well as other references relating to the history of Islamic law reformation in Indonesia.This paper outlines the phases after the Islamic law in Indonesia, so in this paper the focus of the main problem is how to transform Islamic law into positive law in Indonesia. To answer this main issue, it will be divided into sub-headings about the period of acceptance of Islamic law in Indonesia, the bleak period of Islamic law in Indonesia, and the period of enlightenment of Islamic law to make part of the main alternatives in national law. In order to answer this main problem, the author uses the method of literature study by tracing classic books and books as well as other references relating to the history of Islamic law reformation in Indonesia.

Al-Bayyinah ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-195
Author(s):  
Andi Abu Dzar Nuzul ◽  
Hamzah Hamzah

The environmental law enforcement is a form of re-actualization of the hopes and dreams of a good living environment. The portion and content of positive law in environmental law enforcement are sufficient in ensnaring perpetrators of environmental destruction. In Islamic law, environmental enforcement is something that must be guarded and preserved, this is stated in the Qur'an and hadith. This study is a literature study, which examines the legislation on environmental enforcement and text arguments relating to the environment. The approach in this study is a formal juridical approach to the scale of positive law and a normative approach to Islamic law. The findings in this study prove that the rules regarding environmental law enforcement in positive law are very adequate. In Law Number 32 of 2009, it has accommodated acts of environmental destruction that can be ensnared with administrative, civil and criminal offenses that lead to fines and imprisonment. Meanwhile, in Islamic law, law enforcement against environmental destruction in jinayah law is subject to ta'zir punishment or a sentence stipulated by the government. In the concept of benefit, environmental destruction needs to be enforced because it is against the benefit of human life and/or can threaten the survival of mankind. The implication of this finding is that environmental law enforcement has been regulated in environmental legislation and is very adequate, and this is in line with the concept of negligence in Islamic law, so that environmental violations need to be taken firmly in order to maintain environmental sustainability. Keywords: Law enforcement; Environment; Positive Law; Islamic law. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Panji Adam

Istihsan is one of the ijtihad methods disputed by the scholars ushul fiqh, although in reality, all scholars use it practically. The establishment of the law by istihsan method is widely carried out by scholars among the Hanafiyyah and Malikiyyah so that in the history of ushul fiqh, the Hanafiyyah are known as the group that uses istihsan as one of the methods of istinbâth al-ahkâm (determination of the law). Imam Shafi'i is a cleric who rejects istihsan as a method of determining Islamic law. But in practice Imam Shafi'i also uses istihsan as a method of determining Islamic law. The science of ushul fikih has a significant role in contributing to the existence of Islamic law, especially in the field of Sharia economic law. Research method conducted based on normative juridical approach, The specification of research used is analytical descriptive, The type of data used in this research, namely secondary data, data collection method used is literature study and analysis of secondary data that is qualitative. The results showed that istihsan is one of the methods of istinbâth al-ahkâm, which can be used as an argument and a proof of syara' and serves in determining the validity of an agreement / transaction in the field of Sharia economic law.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Slamet Abidin

This article aimed to describe and analyze the comparison of the two laws, namely Islamic Law and Positive Law, regarding online loans in the Smart Credit application. This study was a literature study using a qualitative design that was the basis for library research by exploring the postulates of Islamic law and articles of positive law that were directly related to the object studied and analyzing and concluding the comparison of the two laws. The results of this study indicated that the legal requirements for online loans in the Smart Credit application was based on the provisions of Islamic Law and Civil Code. In addition, according to Islamic Law and Positive Law, the online loan mechanism through the Smart Credit application had differences, including in Islamic Law allowing online loans. However, if the loans process used usury or interest, Islamic law forbade the lender. While the Positive Law, in this case, was contained in Article 1320 of the Civil Code, which explained that if a lender has agreed to the process of terms and conditions that the Smart Credit application has made and has bound himself in the applicable provisions, whether a loan that was known to have an interest or a delay in paying would be given a fine, then the loans process was legal in the eyes of the law. This was because they have tied themselves to the online loan process, the Smart Credit application. This study implies that online loans are allowed to be used by the public. However, people must remain careful in using online loan applications that lend funds because the interest from lending these funds is very high and will result in very large losses. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathurrohman M Basyari

This article discusses the contribution of the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) to the application of Islamic Law in Indonesia. By using a literature study, this article succeeded in revealing that the position of the MUI was a forum which brought together Indonesian Muslim scholars and scholars and aimed to unite the movements and steps of Muslims in realizing the implementation of Islamic Law in Indonesia. Through religious guidance in the life of the nation and state, the MUI has issued various fatwas. Although it is non-binding, the fatwa of the MUI is one of the sources in the formation of Positive Law in Indonesia. Thus, the presence of the MUI will be increasingly needed in the process of building an Indonesian country whose population is mostly Muslim.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Septiani

bstract: This study discusses legal analysis both from the perspective of Islamic law and positive law related to the law of attending walimatul ursy during the COVID-19 pandemic, this research will focus on the law of attending a wedding during the pandemic. The method used is literature study with a normative-comparative analysis approach, data analysis used is from qualitative data to secondary data. The results of the study found that the law of attending walimatul ursy during a pandemic, both Islamic and positive, is not mandatory, but permissible if those invited are in good health and are ready to carry out health protocols that have been set by the government, but if those invited are not healthy or confirmed. Corona virus, attendance is haram because it will cause greater fade if the person concerned is present.Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis hukum baik dilihat dari segi hukum islam maupun hukum positif terkait dengan hukum menghadiri walimatul ursy saat pandemic covid 19, penelitian ini akan focus pada hukum menghadiri pesta pernikahan saat pandemic. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dengan pendekatan analisis normatif-komparatif, analisis data yang digunakan adalah mulai dari data kualitatif sampai dengan data skunder. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa hukum menghadiri walimatul ursy saat pandemic baik secara hukum islam maupun positif tidak menjadi wajib melainkan di perbolehkan jika yang diundang dalam keadaan sehat serta siap melakukan protocol kesehatan yang sudah di tetapkan oleh pemerintah, namun apabila yang diundang dalam keadaan tidak sehat atau terkonfirmasi virus corona maka menghadirinya menjadi haram karena akan menimbulkan kemudaratan yang lebih besar jika yang bersangkutan hadir.


Author(s):  
Hasiah Hasiah

The purpose of this study are: 1) Knowing the nature of the veil, 2) Knowing the history of the emergence of veils in the culture of Islamic society, 3) Knowing the perspective of Islamic law on the use of veils. This type of research is a literature study (Library Research), the object in this study is the concept of veil in the perspective of sharia based on the Qur'an and hadith, the veil controversy in the culture of society. Data is collected by quoting, analyzing using the legal and historical approach methods that occur regarding the use of veils in people's lives.So the veil is a part of sharia after Islam came which was brought by the Prophet Muhammad. And it is also a culture that has occurred for generations before the existence of Islam (jahiliyah period).


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-238
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasin Akhmad ◽  
Dr Suhandi M. Ag

AbstractThis research discusses the history of isra'iliyyat in the tafsir book and what is the law of narrating isra'iliyyat. While in the isra'iliyyat narration there is difference whether it is permissible or not and how the isra'iliyyat narration is contained in the tafsir books. The method used in this research is qualitative literature study (Library Research). The results show that the history of Isra'iliyyat is in accordance with Islamic syari'at, then the truth of Israiliyyat can be recognized and allowed to narrate it. Otherwise if it is contrary to Islamic law, it considered unthrue and may not be narrated, but this is allowed if the position has been explained in the interpretation. On the other hand, if there is no information in the Islamic Sharia regarding the content of israiliyyat, then the step that must be chosen is tawaquf, which is not punishing whether it is true or not.   AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang riwayat isra’iliyyat dalam kitab tafsir serta bagaimana hukum meriwayatkan isra’iliyyat. Dimana dalam periwayatan isra’iliyyat terdapat perbedaan apakah boleh atau tidak serta bagaimana periwayatan isra’iliyyat yang terdapat dalam kitab-kitab tafsir. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif studi pustaka (Library Researh). Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa riwayat Isra’iliyyat tersebut sesuai dengan syari’at Islam, maka dapat diakui kebenarannya dan diizinkan untuk meriwayatkannya, sedangkan jika bertentangan dengan syari’at Islam maka didustakan dan tidak boleh diriwayatkan, namun diperbolehkan jika dijelaskan kedudukannya. Adapun jika belum ada keterangan sesuai atau tidaknya dengan Syari’at Islam maka tawaquf di dalamnya, yaitu tidak menghukumi benar atau tidaknya.Kata Kunci: Riwayat Israiliyyat, Tafsir al-Qur’an, Asal usul dan Hukumnya.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Yousif Abdallah Mustafa Abdalrazeq

<p>هذه دراسة تدور محاورها حول التشريع الإسلامي والنظم الوضعية. هدفت الدراسة إلى إبراز دور الإسلام التأريخي في إرساء حقوق الإنسان، انتهجت الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، وتناولت الدراسة الموضوع بالبحث والتحليل معتمدةً في ذلك على التشريع الإسلامي وما جاءت به الحضارة الإسلامية التي سادت العالم، ذلك بأن التشريع الإسلامي إلهي المصدر وصالح لكل زمان ومكان، على عكس النظم الوضعية التي تتحدث عن قضية الساعة، وقد استشهدت الدراسة بمجموعة من أقوال رجال النظم الوضعية مقارنة في موضوع البحث التي ظهر من خلالها تفوق التشريع الإسلامي بصورة واضحة نالت إعجاب واعتراف كثير من العلماء والمفكرين في العالم.</p><p>This study covers Islamic law and positive law, which aims to show the role of Islam in the history of establishing human rights. It employs inductive analytic approach. Hence, it mainly refers to the law of Islam (Islamic tasyri') and what is brought by Islamic civilization leading the world. It is due to the fact that Islamic tasyri’ comes from Allah and is worth of all time and place. On the contrary, the positive law made by man deals with the problems related to time and conditions. This study is supported by legal experts to compare both laws. The finding shows the obvious advantage of Islamic tasyri' rather than other regulation or positive law. Its overwhelming advantage is also confirmed by world legal experts</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Fatmawati Zahroh ◽  
Harkaneri Harkaneri

ABSTRACT This article describes how to compare tax and zakat law from the perspective of sharia (Islamic law) and state (positive law). There are many similarities and differences between this tax and zakat, in terms of both collectors and collectors. According to article 1 of the 2009 KUP Law on taxes and Law No. 23 of 2011 concerning zakat and its management. This article uses the literature study method to compare and describe existing legislation as well as some differences between tax and zakat. With the results and discussion that actually this tax and zakat if synergized will become two very large state revenues so that they can finance state expenditures, but this state expenditure will be divided into routine expenditures and expenditures for people who are unable to meet the obligations of a muzakki (compulsory zakat) to mustahik (recipient of zakat). If synergized like that, the amil zakat and the government must be observant in differentiating these expenditures to be channeled to those who are entitled to and expenditures as appropriate for the State Budget.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58
Author(s):  
Imam Hafas

Pernikahan adalah sebuah ikatan lahir bathin antara dua belah pihak yang mempunyai tujuan membentuk keluarga bahagia. Adapun, pernikahan yang berlaku di Indonesia adalah pernikahan yang tercatat dan sah secara hukum Islam maupun hukum positif. Namun, dalam penelitian ini yang menjadi permasalahan adalah pernihakan yang tidak tercatat sebagaimana mestinya peraturan berlaku, yaitu nikah siri yang masih kerab terjadi, baik nikah siri yang biasa atau nikah siri dalam konteks poligami. Dalam kajian ini mencoba mencari dan menjelasn tentang sebuah permasalahan yang terangkum dalam rumusan masalah, yaitu faktor apa yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya nikah siri? Dan bagaimana keduduakan nikah siri dalam perspektif hukum Islam dan hukum positif?, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya nikah siri dan kedudukan nikah siri. Jenis kualitatif yang berdasar pada liberary research dan pendekatan secara normatif serta komparatif serta penggunaan sumber data yang meliputi data primer dan sekunder. Studi dokumentasi dan wawancara menjadi tehnik pengumpulan data serta menggunakan deskriptif analisis sebagai analisa data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya nikah siri yang terjadi karena adanya biaya pernikahan yang mahal, kendala pada masa studi, serta kurangnya pendidikan dan pemahaman tentang pernikahan, sehingga nikah siri tersebut menjadi marak terjadi dikalangan masyarakat yang ada. Marriage is a physical and spiritual bond between two parties that has the goal of forming a happy family. Meanwhile, the marriage that applies in Indonesia is a marriage that is registered and valid under Islamic law and positive law. However, in this study the problem is that marriages are not recorded as the regulations should apply, namely unregistered marriages that still occur frequently, such as regular siri marriages or unregistered marriages in the context of polygamy. The formulation of the problem in this study is to determine the position of unregistered marriage in the perspective of Islamic law and positive law. This type of qualitative uses literature study methods and normative and comparative approaches and uses data sources that include primary and secondary data. Documentation studies and interviews are data collection techniques and use descriptive analysis as an analysis of the data obtained in this study. The results of this study indicate that the existence of unregistered marriage occurs because of the high cost of marriage, constraints during the study period, as well as a lack of education and understanding of marriage, so that unregistered marriages are prevalent among the existing society. Unregistered marriage or marriage without the registration of either single marriage or because polygamy is a marriage that is not valid under positive law.Buku Akbar S. Ahmed. (2002). Rekonstruksi Sejarah Islam, Yogyakarta: Fajar Pustaka Baru.Bustami, Muhammad Said. (1995). Gerakan Pembaharuan Agama Antara Modernisme dan Tajdiduddin, Bekasi: Wacana Lajuardi.Departemen Agama RI. (2015). Al-Quran dan terjemah, Bandung:CV Darus Sunnah.  Husain, Muhammad. (2003). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.  Jakarta:  Tintamas. Moleong, Lexi J. (2002). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosda Karya.Murteza M. Mutahhari. (1985). Wanita dan Hak-haknya dalam Islam,Terj, Hashem, Bandnung: Pustaka. Suhali Sufyan, Muhammad. (2012). Fiqih Mawaris Praktis, Bandung: Cipta Pustaka Media Perintis. Jurnal :Arzam. (2014). Hukum Islam Sebagai Revolusioner dan Egaliter dalam Kehidupan Sosial. Islamika, Vol. 14,  No. 1. Juni. 1-15.Asrizal. (2016). Peletakan Dasar-Dasar Hukum Kewarisan Islam (Tinjaun Historis atas Hukum Waris Pra dan Awal Islam). Al-Ahwal, Vol. 9, No.1. 125-137.  Fauzi, Fahrul.(2020). Larangan Perkawinan Sepersusuan Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Medis. Tahkim: Jurnal Peradaban dan Hukum Islam, Vol. 3, No. 2. 39-58.Haris, Munawir. (2015). Pembaharuan atas Hukum Keluarga di Indonesia: Satu Tinjauan Sosiologis. Ulumuna, Vol. 19, No. 1. June. 137-158.Hasibuan, Nia Kurniati.(2020). Implementasi Hukum Waris pada Masyarakat Adat Mandailing Perantauan (Studi pada Pardomuan Muslim Sumatera Utara Kota Palangka Raya). Tahkim: Jurnal Peradaban dan Hukum Islam, Vol. 3, No. 2,  115-130.Hermawan, A. Hendri dkk. (2018). Kewenangan dan Kedudukan Perempuan dalam Perspektif Gender: Suatu Analisis Tinjauan Historis. Marwah, Vol. 17, No. 1. 43-62.Kamadi, Dahar. (2013). Rustam. Kesetaraan laki-laki dan  perempuan dalam Hukum Perkawinan Islam. Sawwa,  Vol. 8, No. 2, April. 363-383.Rahim Amin, Abd. (2012). Hukum Islam dan Transformasi Sosial Masyarakat Jahiliyyah: (Studi Historis tentang Karakter Egaliter Hukum Islam). Jurnal Hukum Diktum, Vol. 10, No. 1. 2-10.Romziyana,Luthviyah. (2014).Pandangan al-Qur’an Tentang Makna jahiliyah Perspektif Semantik.Mutawatir: Jurnal Keilmuan Tafsir Hadis, Vol. 4, No. 1,118-138.Wahyuni, Sri. (2013). PembaharuanHukum Keluarga Islam di Negara-Negara Muslim.  Al-ahwal, Vol. 6, No. 2. 211-219.Zuhra, Fatimah. (2013). Relasi Suami dan Istri dalam Keluarga Muslim Menurut Konsep Al-Quran.  Analytica Islamimica, Vol. 2, No. 1.178-192.WebAbu Hapsin, “Islam dan Budaya Lokal: Ketegangan antara Problem Pendekatan dan Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Jawa”, dalam http//www/kemenag,go.idacis1 filedokumene2AbuHapsin.pdf.Zainal, Asliah, Egaliter Laki-laki dan Perempuan  dalam Keluarga Islam: Antara Idealis dan Realitas. STAIN Sultan Qaimudddin Kendari dalam da.ristekdikti.go.


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