scholarly journals Increased oxidized-LDL levels and arylesterase activity/HDL ratio in ESRD patients treated with hemodialysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolkarim Mahrooz ◽  
Mehryar Zargari ◽  
Omid Sedighi ◽  
Hamed Shaygani ◽  
Ghorban Gohari
Keyword(s):  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Status ◽  
Serum Paraoxonase ◽  
Esrd Patients

Purpose: Investigations, in which oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), serum paraoxonase (PON1) and homocysteine (Hcy) are considered together as important agents involved in the development of oxidative and atherogenic events in non-diabetic hemodialysis (HD) population, are limited. This case-control study was designed to evaluate these parameters in the patients and control subjects and to determine the correlations among the factors. Methods: Forty-nine age- and sex- matched subjects, including 28 non-diabetic HD patients (paired pre-and post-dialysis samples) and 21 control subjects, were enrolled. Ox-LDL and Hcy levels were measured with ELISA and EIA methods, respectively. Arylesterase activity of PON1 was measured by spectrophotometric assay. Results: Compared with the control group, ox-LDL levels were significantly increased both before (p=0.001) and after HD (p=0.036). Arylesterase activity-to-HDL ratio in HD patients was significantly higher than control subjects (p=0.003). Homocysteine levels in the ESRD patients were higher than control subjects both in pre-dialysis and post-dialysis. There was a significant positive correlation (r= 0.25, p= 0.026) between ox-LDL and homocysteine in samples obtained before HD. Logistic regression analysis revealed ox-LDL levels (OR=3.02, p < 0.001) and arylesterase activity/HDL ratio (OR=2.43, p=0.01) to be associated with the increased risk of ESRD. Conclusions: Ox-LDL levels and arylesterase activity/HDL ratio indicated the strongest association with ESRD risk. These factors, especially ox-LDL as an indicator of oxidative stress, may be biomarkers in evaluating the status of non-diabetic ESRD patients. Because of the pathogenic relationship between ox-LDL and homocysteine as nontraditional risk factors of atherosclerosis, therapeutic strategies adopted to reduce them may be useful in decrease of high prevalence of cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients. In addition, measurement of PON1 activity to HDL ratio is possibly a more valuable biomarker than arylesterase activity alone in non-diabetic ESRD.

scholarly journals Levels of Oxidized LDL, Estrogens, and Progesterone in Placenta Tissues and Serum Paraoxonase Activity in Preeclampsia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şerefden Açıkgöz ◽  
Ülkü Özmen Bayar ◽  
Murat Can ◽  
Berrak Güven ◽  
Görkem Mungan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Trophoblast Invasion ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Serum Paraoxonase ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Serum Pon1 Activity

In vitro literature studies have suggested that atherosclerotic oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) inhibits trophoblast invasion. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of OxLDL and to examine the relationship between antioxidative estradiol, estriol, and prooxidative progestin in normal and preeclamptic placental tissues and measure the serum activity of antioxidative paraoxonase (PON1). The study included 30 preeclamptic and 32 normal pregnant women. OxLDL was determined with ELISA, estradiol, unconjugated estriol, and progesterone that were determined with chemiluminescence method in placental tissues. Serum PON1 activity was determined with spectrophotometric method. Levels of OxLDL (), estriol (), estradiol (), and progesterone () were lower in the placental tissues of preeclamptic group compared to the normal pregnant women. Serum PON1 activity was higher in preeclamptic group () and preeclamptic group without intrauterine growth restriction () compared to normal pregnant women. Tissue estriol of preeclamptic group without/with IUGR (, ) was lower than the normal group. Results of our study suggest that the events leading to fetoplacental insufficiency lead to a reduction in the levels of estriol limit deposition of OxLDL in placental tissues. The serum PON1 activity is probably important in the inhibition of OxLDL in preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Paraoxonase 1 Phenotype and Protein N-Homocysteinylation in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Jolanta Parada-Turska ◽  
Grażyna Wójcicka ◽  
Jerzy Beltowski
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Phenyl Acetate ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is the high density lipoprotein-associated esterase which inhibits the development of atherosclerosis by metabolizing lipid peroxidation products as well as hydrolyzing proatherogenic metabolite of homocysteine (Hcy), Hcy thiolactone, which otherwise reacts with lysine groups of proteins, thus forming N-Hcy-protein in a process referred to as protein N-homocysteinylation. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease associated with increased risk of cardiovascular complications, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. We examined PON1 status and N-homocysteinylation of serum proteins in patients with RA. Blood was collected from 74 RA patients and 70 control subjects. PON1 activity was measured toward synthetic (paraoxon, phenyl acetate) and natural (Hcy thiolactone) substrates. PON1 protein concentration was measured by ELISA. Total Hcy as well as N-Hcy-protein were measured in serum as well. PON1 activity toward Hcy thiolactone was lower in RA patients than in control subjects which was accompanied by increased concentration of N-Hcy-protein despite normal total Hcy concentration. PON1 protein concentration was unchanged in the RA group, but the specific enzyme activity was reduced. When RA patients were categorized according to the DAS28-ESR score, PON1 concentration and enzymatic activity were lower whereas N-Hcy-protein was higher in those with high disease activity. PON1 activity and Hcy thiolactone were correlated with DAS28-ESR score and myeloperoxidase concentration. In conclusion, RA is associated with deficiency of PON1 activity and increased protein N-homocyseinylation which may contribute to accelerated development of cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Platelet Activation and Platelet–Leukocyte Aggregates in Type I Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (9_suppl) ◽  
pp. 230S-239S ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa M. Zahran ◽  
Omnia El-Badawy ◽  
Ismail L. Mohamad ◽  
Deiaaeldin M. Tamer ◽  
Safwat M. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Increased Risk

Hyperglycemia alone may not explain the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared with type 2. This study emphases on the evaluation of some platelet activity markers in patients with T1D, with relevance to some metabolic disorders as hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. This study was performed on 35 patients with T1D and 20 healthy controls. All participants were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination and assay of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile. The expression of CD62P and CD36 on platelets and the frequency of platelet–monocyte, and platelet–neutrophil aggregates were assessed by flow cytometry. Patients showed significantly higher expression of CD62P and CD36 than the control group. Platelets aggregates with monocytes were also higher among patients than the control group. Levels of CD36+ platelets, CD62P+ platelets, and platelet–monocyte aggregates revealed significant correlations with the levels of HbA1c, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia accompanying T1D have a stimulatory effect on platelet activation which probably makes those patients vulnerable to CVD than nondiabetics.

scholarly journals Activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway and abnormal cholesterol efflux lead to emphysema in ApoE-deficient mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (11) ◽  
pp. L1200-L1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Goldklang ◽  
Polina Golovatch ◽  
Tina Zelonina ◽  
Jordis Trischler ◽  
Daniel Rabinowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor

Smokers with airflow obstruction have an increased risk of atherosclerosis, but the relationship between the pathogenesis of these diseases is not well understood. To determine whether hypercholesterolemia alters lung inflammation and emphysema formation, we examined the lung phenotype of two hypercholesterolemic murine models of atherosclerosis at baseline and on a high-fat diet. Airspace enlargement developed in the lungs of apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe −/− ) mice exposed to a Western-type diet for 10 wk. An elevated number of macrophages and lymphocytes accompanied by an increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and MMP-12 expression was observed in the lungs of Apoe −/− mice on a Western-type diet. In contrast, low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient ( Ldlr −/−) mice did not exhibit lung destruction or inflammatory changes. Most importantly, we revealed augmented expression of the downstream targets of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, in the lungs of Apoe −/− mice fed with a Western-type diet. In addition, we demonstrated overexpression of MMP-9 in Apoe −/− macrophages treated with TLR4 ligand, augmented with the addition of oxidized LDL, suggesting that emphysema in these mice results from the activation of the TLR pathway secondary to known abnormal cholesterol efflux. Our findings indicate that, in Apoe −/− mice fed with an atherogenic diet, abnormal cholesterol efflux leads to increased systemic inflammation with subsequent lung damage and emphysema formation.

Relationship Between Gene Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes in a Palestinian Population: A Study of Five Gene Polymorphisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S136-S136
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Palestinian Population ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Objectives To investigate the association between KCNQ1 rs2237892, KLF14 rs972283, ZBED3 rs4457053, COL8A1 rs792837, and FTO rs8050136; gene polymorphisms; and T2DM in the male Palestinian population. Methods In this case-control study, 100 T2DM male patients and 100 control men were examined. The two groups were genotyped for the five gene polymorphisms using restriction fragment length polymorphism–PCR (RFLP-PCR) and allele-specific (AS-PCR) techniques. Body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin (C-peptide), total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were measured for all the study participants. The relation between the five gene polymorphisms, T2DM, and the measured clinical parameters were statistically analyzed using appropriate tests. Results Among the tested polymorphisms, significant associations were evident between KLF14 “GG” genotype (P = .014), FTO “CC” genotype (P = .043), and COL8A1 TC genotype (P = .015) and increased risk of T2DM. The KLF14 G-containing genotypes exerted a significant effect on lowering HDL-c (P = .026) and on elevating LDL-c (P = .045) and cholesterol level (P = .042) in the control group. The FTO “CC” genotype showed a significant effect on raising HbA1c level in the patients (P = .007). KCNQ1 (rs2237892 T>C), ZBED3 (rs4457053 A>G), and COL8A1 (rs792837 T>C) genotypes did not reveal significant effects on the tested parameters. Conclusion KLF14 “GG,” FTO “CC,” and COL8A1 C allele and “TC” genotypes are significantly associated with T2DM in the investigated population. KLF14 “GG” and “AG” have an association with the levels of HDL-c, LDL-c, and cholesterol in control subjects. The HbA1c level was significantly higher in patients with the FTO “CC” genotype. The study recommends confirming the obtained results on a larger sample and examining the association of other gene polymorphisms with T2DM in the Palestinian population.

scholarly journals Bisphenol a Exposure Causes Increased Oxidation of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and Its Abduct in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chinenye E. Oguazu ◽  
Francis C. Ezeonu ◽  
Charles C. Dike ◽  
Charles G. Ikimi
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Modified Ldl ◽  
Low Exposure

Background and Objectives: Living organisms are exposed to oxidant agents constantly from both endogenous and exogenous sources. One of such oxidant agent is Bisphenol A (BPA) and its exposure is capable to modify biomolecules and induce damages. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a contaminant with increasing exposure. It exerts toxic effects on cells.  This study investigates the possibility of BPA exposure on Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) perturbations at prevailing low exposure doses in female albino Wistar rats, following exposure for the period of three (3) month. Materials and Methods: Total 12 groups were formed; out of which 11 experimental groups, each containing 10non-pregnant female rats were administered; 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1 mg of BPA/kgbw/day. To the 12th control group was given water.  Blood was collected from animals at the end of every week of the study and serum sample specimens analyzed by routine diagnostic procedures for oxidized LDL such as malondialdehyde modified- LDL (MDA-LDL), oxidized phospholipids LDL (OX-PL LDL), N (epsilon) (carboxymethyl) lysine-modified-LDL (CML LDL) and 4-hydroxynonenal-LDL (HNE-LDL) using Autochemical Analyzer. Results: Significantly increased concentrations of serum oxidized LDL such as MDA-LDL, OX-PL LDL, CML LDL and HNE-LDL were observed at all concentrations of BPA exposure. Conclusion:  Bisphenol A alters oxidized LDL such as MDA-LDL, OX-PL LDL, CML LDL and HNE-LDL balance and causes disturbance of internal oxidative statues.

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein B and oxLDL levels in plasma of patients with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
M.D. Tronko ◽  
S.A. Cherviakova ◽  
V.V. Pushkarev ◽  
Y.B. Belchina ◽  
O.I. Kovzun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Optical Wavelength ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-X) cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and especially oxidized LDL in plasma are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the study was to determine the levels of ApoB and oxLDL in the blood of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), CVD and COVID-19. ApoB and oxLDL were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Elabscience, USA). The measurements were performed at an optical wavelength of 450 nm. It was found that ApoB and oxLDL levels in the blood of patients with diabetes and, especially, with COVID-19 are substantially higher than in the blood of healthy people. Blood levels of ApoB and oxLDL are higher in patients with both COVID-19 and diabetes or CVD as com pared to patients with COVID-19 without comorbidities. Thus, the levels of ApoB and oxidized LDL may be the promising markers of severe COVID-19.

scholarly journals Alterations in lipid profile in old age hypothyroid patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Jawed ◽  
Tariq F Khawaja ◽  
Asghar Sultan ◽  
Tariq Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Serum Tsh

The current investigation was designed to study the changes of lipid profile in hypothyroid patients in local population and t o investigate the importance of thyroid profile in oId age dyslipidemia patients. Ninety five newly diagnosed untreated h ypothyroid patients (aged 4 9.2112.47 years, BMI 3 0.365.8, 74 females and 21 males) were identified from thyroid OPD of INMOL, PGMI, Lahore. Patients were compared with 78 control subjects (aged 48.8011.00 years, BMI 30.5104.70, 54 females and 24 males) matched by age and body mass index (BMI). Serum TSH, FT4, FT3, Triacylglcerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. Significantly increased levels of TC and LDL-C in overt hypothyroid patients were observed. No significant differences were found in HDL-C and TAG in overt hypothyroid patients as compared to the control group. Elevated levels of TC and LDL-C in hypothyroid patients represent an increased risk of ischaemic heart disease that requires therapeutic intervention. The deranged lipid profiles in hypothyroidism can not be corrected without the treatment for hypothyroidism in these patients. Therefore, all older patients referred for diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia should also be screened for hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Dynamic Thiol/Disulphide Homeostasis in Children and Adolescents with Non-Autoimmune Subclinical Hypothyroidism

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyit Ahmet Uçaktürk ◽  
Murat Alışık ◽  
Çağatay Uğur ◽  
Selin Elmaoğulları ◽  
Eda Mengen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
The Status ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the thiol/disulphide homeostasis in children with non-autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT). Subjects and Methods: Thiol/disulphide homeosta sis, involving native thiol (SH), disulphide (SS), and total thiol (SS + SH), was evaluated in 60 children and adolescents who were negative for thyroid auto-antibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroglobulin) and had a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) value of > 5 mIU/L, and in 40 sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects who were negative for thyroid autoantibodies and had normal TSH levels. Lipid profiles and urine iodine levels were also determined. Results: SH (466 ± 32.8 vs. 462 ± 32.1 μmol/L p = 0.59), SH + SS (508 ± 34.0 vs. 506 ± 32.7 μmol/L, p = 0.81), SS (21 ± 5.5 vs. 22 ± 5.8 μmol/L, p = 0.41), SS/SH (4.5 ± 1.2 vs. 4.8 ± 1.3%, p = 0.36), SS/SH + SS (4.1 ± 1.0 vs. 4.3 ± 1.1%, p = 0.36) and SH/SH + SS (91 ± 2.1 vs. 91 ± 2.1%, p = 0.31) levels were similar in children with SHT and control subjects (p > 0.05). There was no difference between total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels in SHT patients and controls. No difference was detected between the patients with or without iodine deficiency in the SHT group in terms of thiol/disulphide homeostasis parameters. Conclusion: The status of dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis did not change in children and adolescents with non-autoimmune SHT. Future studies are needed for the evaluation of oxidative stress in patients with long-standing non-autoimmune SHT.

scholarly journals Decreased Serum Lipids in Patients with Probable Alzheimer´s Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Lepara ◽  
Amina Valjevac ◽  
Azra Alajbegović ◽  
Asija Zaćiragić ◽  
Emina Nakaš-Ićindić
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Subjects

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease but its aetiology and pathophisiology are still not fully understood. Epidemiologic studies examining the association between lipids and dementia have reported conflicting results. High total cholesterol has been associated with both an increased, and decreased, risk of AD and/or vascular dementia (VAD), whereas other studies found no association. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum lipids concentration in patients with probable AD, as well as possible correlation between serum lipids concentrations and cognitive impairment.Our cross-sectional study included 30 patients with probable AD and 30 age and sex matched control subjects. The probable AD was clinically diagnosed by NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels were determined at the initial assessment using standard enzymatic colorimetric techniques. Low-den- sity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels were calculated. Subjects with probable AD had significantly lower serum TG (p<0,01), TC (p<0,05), LDL-C (p<0,05) and VLDL-C (p<0,01) compared to the control group. We did not observe signifi-cant difference in HDL-C level between patients with probable AD and control subjects. Negative, although not significant correlation between TG, TC and VLDL-C and MMSE in patients with AD was observed. In the control group of subjects there was a negative correlation between TC and MMSE but it was not statistically significant (r = -0,28). Further studies are required to explore the possibility for serum lipids to serve as diagnostic and therapeutic markers of AD.

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