scholarly journals Associated Risk Factors for the Development of Extensively Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the First Level of Health Care: From a Public Health Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
Mauricio Mamani ◽  
Mario Chauca ◽  
Edward Huamani ◽  
Richard Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

ALZHEIMER’S ASSOCIATION: INITIATIVES & PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVE

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
H.M. Snyder ◽  
M.C. Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Do So

An estimated 47 million people worldwide are living with dementia in 2015 and this number is expected to triple by 2050. There is a clear urgency for therapies and / or interventions to slow, stop or prevent dementia. Amounting evidence suggests strategies to reduce risk of development dementia may be of growing import for reducing the number of individuals affected. The Alzheimer’s Association believes, from a population based perspective that: (1) Regular physical activity and management of cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. diabetes, obesity, smoking and hypertension) have been shown to reduce the risk of cognitive decline and may reduce the risk of dementia; (2) A healthy diet and lifelong learning/cognitive training may also reduce the risk of cognitive decline. The current evidence underscores the need to communicate to the broader population what the science indicates and to do so with diverse stakeholders and consistent messaging. There has never been a better time to define and distribute global messaging on public health for dementia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of postnatal depression and associated risk factors among South Asian mothers living in a newly developing country

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Hashim Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Marital Problems ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Asian Mothers

AbstractIntroductionPostnatal Depression (PND) is a major health problem affecting mother, her child and family.  Its prevalence and associated risk factors among South Asian mothers (SAM) living  in Qatar remain unknown. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of PND among (SEAM) in Qatar and to correlate risk factors contributing to the development of PND.Materials and methodsA total of (285 ) (SAM)females who were six months  postpartum were interviewed as  part of a prospective study conducted in primary health care centers in Qatar.  PND symptoms were defined as present when subjects had an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of 10 or higher. Descriptive statistics were used for summarizing the study and outcome variables. The χ2 test and ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used for observation and quantifying the association between different variables. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to identify the independent associated factors of PPD. P≤0.05 was considered significant. Variables included were age , occupation, education level ,previous psychiatric history ,comorbidities , ,history of depression during current  pregnancy, history of anxiety during current pregnancy, number of previous pregnancies, strong social support, husband support, marital problem before pregnancy and ongoing marital problems during current pregnancy.Results The prevalence of postnatal depression among 285 respondents was 33.2% .several psychosocial risk factors were significantly associated with postnatal depression and, after multiple regression analysis, a history of depressive illness ,anxiety ,marital problems before delivery ,a history of diabetes and asthma ,history of congenital malformations ,and lack of mother support.Other variables, including age, parity, education, occupation, and delivery type, were not significantly correlated (P=0.15–0.95), but marginally indicative of the risk of depressive symptoms.ConclusionThis study showed a high rate of depressive symptoms among(SAM) six months Postpartum . Future screening protocols  must be employed at primary care level and hospital based clinics in Qatar to detect and treat post natal depression.Keywords: postnatal  depression,  South Asians, primary health care ,Doha, EPDS  

scholarly journals Globalization and Health – A Conceptual Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Anju Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Conceptual Frame

Globalization is the key trial for public health care and fundamental health protection, given the links between globalization and health care, which are very complicated today, the stress frequently being on developing countries, in which group is also Croatia. Although there are various papers available on this subject, it is necessary to provide an institutional structure for the assessment of direct and indirect health impacts of several appearances of globalization. Therefore, this paper presents a conceptual frame between health care and globalization based on the movements of David Woodward and Nick Drager, including the mission to serve as a guideline for the construction of existing papers in this field, as well as the search for new cognitions, which can ultimately 6to the growth of national policies on health. When we talk about the conceptual structure, then, by all means, we need to pay consideration to the secondary effects on health, as well as the direct impact on the population on the level of particular risk factors on health and the wellness care system as a whole. The paper will pay appropriate attention to the overall objectives of the activities to optimize the health effects of economic globalization.

scholarly journals Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization Among Health Care Workers of a Tertiary Hospital in Ecuador and Associated Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 3433-3440
Author(s):  
Isabel Baroja ◽  
Sara Guerra ◽  
Marco Coral-Almeida ◽  
Alejandra Ruíz ◽  
Juan Miguel Galarza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals ANTI-TUBERCULAR DRUG INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY: ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS UNDER RNTCP-DOTS PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 1372-1376
Author(s):  
Ishan Parasher ◽  
◽  
Suryakant Nagtilak ◽  
Amit Jha ◽  
Naresh kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of human Brucellosis and associated risk factors among high-risk occupations in Mbeya Region of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick D. Sagamiko ◽  
Ruth L. Mfune ◽  
Bernard M. Hang’ombe ◽  
Esron D. Karimuribo ◽  
Alfred M. Mwanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease of public health and economic importance. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mbeya region between November 2015 and January 2016 to investigate the seroprevalence of human brucellosis and identify associated risk factors among individuals in risky occupations. Methods: A total of 425 humans from six occupational categories were serially tested for Brucella antibodies using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (c-ELISA), for screening and confirmation, respectively. A questionnaire survey was also administered to participants to collect epidemiological data. Results: The overall seroprevalence among the occupationally exposed individuals was 1.41% (95% CI: 00.64-3.12). Seroprevalence was higher among butcher men 5.6% (95% CI: 1.68-5.26), herds men 1.35% (95% CI: 0.18-9.02); and abattoir workers 1.1% (95% CI: 0.26-4.22) although there was no statistical significance. (P value = .18). Seroprevalence was also higher among men (1.8%) compared to females (0%) (P value = .19). and also, among those aged < 11 years (2.5%). Individuals who consumed raw milk had a higher seroprevalence (1.56%) compared to those who drunk boiled milk while seropositivity was 0.88% among those who assisted animals during parturition (P value = .49). Butcher men were at higher risk of exposure compared to other occupational categories. Our findings show the presence of brucellosis in occupationally exposed individuals in Mbeya region.Conclusion: There is need to sensitize the concerned professions in order to reduce the risk of acquiring Brucella infections from animals and animal products This also calls for public health awareness about the disease, and implementation of measures to prevent further spread of brucellosis within and outside the study area.

Market Failures, the Environment, and Human Health

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karyn Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Health Care Demand ◽  
Goods And Services

Knowledge of the important role that the environment plays in determining human health predates the modern public health era. However, the tendency to see health, disease, and their determinants as attributes of individuals rather than characteristics of communities meant that the role of the environment in human health was seldom accorded sufficient importance during much of the 20th century. Instead, research began to focus on specific risk factors that correlated with diseases of greatest concern, i.e., the non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, asthma, and diabetes. Many of these risk factors (e.g., smoking, alcohol consumption, and diet) were aspects of individual lifestyle and behaviors, freely chosen by the individual. Within this individual-centric framework of human health, the standard economic model for human health became primarily the Grossman model of health and health care demand. In this model, an individual’s health stock may be increased by investing in health (by consuming health services, for example) or decreased by endogenous (age) or exogenous (smoking) individual factors. Within this model, individuals used their available resources, their budget, to purchase goods and services that either increased or decreased their health stock. Grossman’s model provides a consumption-based approach to human health, where individuals purchase goods and services required to improve their individual health in the marketplace. Grossman’s model of health assumes that the goods and services required to optimize good health can be purchased through market-based interactions and that these goods and services are optimally priced—that the value of the goods and services are reflected in their price. In reality, many types of goods and services that are good for human health are not available to purchase, or if they are available they are undervalued in the free market. Across the environmental and health literature, these goods and services are, today, broadly referred to as “ecosystem services for human health.” However, the quasi-public good nature of ecosystem services for human health means that the private market will generate a suboptimal environment for both individual and public health outcomes. In the face of continued austerity and scarce public resources, understanding the role of the environment in human health may help to alleviate future health care demand by decreasing (or increasing) environmental risk (or benefits) associated with health outcomes. However, to take advantage of the role that the environment plays in human health requires a fundamental reorientation of public health policy and spending to include environmental considerations.

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