Modeling Inductive Heating Process of a Cylindrical Structure Mode of Two Different Materials at a Frecquency of 1000Hz

Thixoforming of steel offers the advantages of casting technology in combination with high mechanical strength that can only be achieved by forging. The progress in establishing this technology in industry depends on the success in the development of suitable steel grades. Recent investigations dealt with the development of steel grades that are especially adapted to the thixoforming process. For this, alloys were developed with a lower solidus temperature and a wider process temperature range compared to classic forging steels. In consequence, the inductive heating process is more tolerant to inaccuracies and for a given liquid fraction the process temperature window is easier to handle. It is desired to obtain great degrees of deformation at rather low forming forces as these parameters determine the size of the needed presses. This behaviour is affected by the present liquid fraction in the slug and the heat transfer between work piece and die. It was detected that variations of the forming force have a direct influence on the quality of the thixoformed parts. In order to make the thixoforming technology of steels competitive versus other forming technologies, the parts must show a favourable microstructure and thus, good in-use properties. In this paper various solutions are compared. The main results obtained in the optimization research, namely, the steel grades adapted to semi-solid forming, the resulting process parameters and the mechanical properties of thixoforming parts will be presented for two exemplary steel grades. By producing a real automotive part, thixoforging of steels with regard to the adapted materials and to the ongoing industrial implementation of this process is proved.

Download Full-text

Werkstückerwärmung für das Thixoforming*/Heating workpieces for Thixoforming - Using inductor as sensor for monitoring the heating process of semi-solid material

wt Werkstattstechnik online ◽

10.37544/1436-4980-2017-05-36 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 107 (05) ◽

pp. 340-345

Author(s):

J. Uphoff ◽

A. Lechler ◽

A. Prof. Verl

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid Fraction ◽

Material Properties ◽

Solid Material ◽

Heating Process ◽

Inductive Heating ◽

Inductor Coil ◽

Specific Material ◽

Semi Solid

Das Thixoforming nutzt bei der Formgebung besondere Materialeigenschaften zur Herstellung metallischer Bauteile. Die verwendeten Legierungen müssen dazu in den sogenannten teilflüssigen Bereich erwärmt werden. Das Einstellen des geforderten Fest-Flüssig-Verhältnisses stellt besondere Anforderungen an die Erwärmung. Betrachtet werden verschiedene Messverfahren, welche die Induktorspule bei der induktiven Erwärmung als Sensor nutzen.   Thixoforming uses specific material properties for shaping metal workpieces. For this purpose, the alloys need to be heated to the so-called semi-solid state. The adjustment of the desired semi-solid fraction imposes high requirements on the heating process. Various measurement principles, which use the inductor-coil as a sensor in inductive heating processes, are presented.

Download Full-text

Induktive Erwärmung partiell verstärkter Presslinge*/Inductive heating of partially reinforced compacts - Heating experiments of partially particle-reinforced steel compacts for thixotropic forming operation

wt Werkstattstechnik online ◽

10.37544/1436-4980-2017-10-22 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 107 (10) ◽

pp. 700-705

Author(s):

B.-A. Prof. Behrens ◽

D. Yarcu ◽

T. Petersen ◽

I. Ross

Keyword(s):

Powder Metallurgy ◽

Metal Matrix Composites ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Heating Process ◽

Inductive Heating ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Ceramic Particles ◽

Forging Process ◽

Reinforced Steel ◽

Powder Compacts

Mit der partiellen Einbringung von keramischen Partikeln in der Pulvermatrix lassen sich die lokalen Eigenschaften gezielt einstellen. Der Einsatz unterschiedlicher und heterogen verteilter Materialien in einem Werkstück wirkt sich auf den induktiven Erwärmungsprozess aus. Dieser Fachbeitrag beschäftigt sich mit Erwärmungsuntersuchungen an partiell partikelverstärkten Pulverpresslingen aus Stahl in den thixotropen Temperaturbereich für den anschließenden Schmiedeprozess.   Due to the partial incorporation of ceramic particles, locally improved properties can be achieved in powder metallurgy of metal matrix composites. The use of various and heterogeneous distributed materials in one workpiece has an effect on the inductive heating process. This article deals with investigations on heating at thixotropic temperature range of partially particle-reinforced powder compacts made of steel for the subsequent forging process.

Download Full-text

Inductive Heating Using a High-Magnetic-Field Pulse to Initiate Chemical Reactions to Generate Composite Materials

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11030535 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 535 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cordelia Zimmerer ◽

Catalina Mejia ◽

Toni Utech ◽

Kerstin Arnhold ◽

Andreas Janke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Chemical Reactions ◽

Induction Heating ◽

Polymer Materials ◽

Heating Process ◽

Inductive Heating ◽

Magnetic Field Pulse ◽

Transfer Energy ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Field Pulse

Induction heating is efficient, precise, cost-effective, and clean. The heating process is coupled to an electrically conducting material, usually a metal. As most polymers are dielectric and non-conducting, induction heating is not applicable. In order to transfer energy from an electromagnetic field into polymer induction structures, conducting materials or materials that absorb the radiation are required. This report gives a brief overview of induction heating processes used in polymer technology. In contrast to metals, most polymer materials are not affected by electromagnetic fields. However, an unwanted temperature rise of the polymer can occur when a radio frequency field is applied. The now available high-field magnetic sources provide a new platform for induction heating at very low frequencies, avoiding unwanted thermal effects within the material. Using polycarbonate and octadecylamine as an example, it is demonstrated that induction heating performed by a magnetic-field pulse with a maximum flux density of 59 T can be used to initiate chemical reactions. A 50 nm thick Ag loop, with a mean diameter of 7 mm, placed in the polymer-polymer interface acts as susceptor and a resistive heating element. The formation of urethane as a linker compound was examined by infrared spectroscopic imaging and differential scanning calorimetry.

Download Full-text

Modelling of an induction heating process and resulting material distribution of a hybrid semi-finished product after impact extrusion

10.25518/esaform21.574 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bernd-Arno Behrens ◽

Hendrik Wester ◽

Stefan Schäfer ◽

Christoph Büdenbender

Keyword(s):

Numerical Model ◽

Induction Heating ◽

Magnetic Permeability ◽

Current Intensity ◽

Electromagnetic Properties ◽

Heating Process ◽

Inductive Heating ◽

Material Distribution ◽

Relative Magnetic Permeability ◽

The Impact

Multi-material solutions offer benefits, as they, in contrary to conventional monolithic parts, are customised hybrid components with properties that optimally fit the application locally. Adapted components offer the possibility to use high strength material in areas where external loads require it and substitute them by lightweight material in the other areas. The presented study describes the manufacturing of a hybrid shaft along the process chain Tailored Forming, which uses serial pre-joined semi-finished products in the forming stage. Subject of this study is the numerical modelling of the heating process by induction heating of a hybrid semi-finished product and the resulting material distribution after the impact extrusion process. For this endeavour, a numerical model of an inhomogeneous induction heating process was developed. The main challenge is to determine the boundary conditions such as current intensity acting in the induction coil and the electromagnetic properties of the used material. The current intensity was measured by a Rogowski coil during experimental heating tests. The relative magnetic permeability was modelled as a function of temperature using the method of Zedler. The results show the importance of using a relative magnetic permeability as a function of temperature to guarantee a high quality of the numerical model. Subsequently, the model was applied to the heating of the hybrid semi-finished product consisting of a steel and aluminium alloy. By using inductive heating and thus a resulting inhomogeneous temperature field, good agreement of the material distribution between experiment and simulation could be achieved after the forming process.

Download Full-text

The Numerical Modeling of the Inductive Heating Process at Different Frequencies, Using the FLUX 2D Software

2019 11th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI) ◽

10.1109/ecai46879.2019.9041990 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mihaela Cornelia Novac ◽

Marius Codrean ◽

Ovidiu Constantin Novac ◽

Mihaela Codrean ◽

Mihai Oproescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Numerical Modeling ◽

Heating Process ◽

Inductive Heating

Download Full-text

Inductive heating of glass fibre-reinforced thermoplastics using fibre- and wire-shaped stainless steel susceptors

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0892705715583179 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 67-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Danilo Mattheß ◽

Dirk Landgrebe ◽

Welf-Guntram Drossel

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Glass Fibre ◽

Numerical Study ◽

Heating Process ◽

Inductive Heating ◽

Reinforced Plastics ◽

Induction System ◽

Reinforced Thermoplastics ◽

The Impact ◽

Generator Output

This article deals with an experimental and numerical study of the inductive heating of glass fibre (GF)-reinforced thermoplastics with susceptors made of stainless steel that are embedded in them. The objective of this article is to examine the links between individual process and system parameters and the heating behaviour of fibre-reinforced plastics. Two different susceptor designs were tested in relation to their heating capability. Furthermore, it was possible to experimentally study the dependency of the space between the specimens and inductors and therefore the impact of the generator output of the induction system and inductor attachments differing in their geometric shapes in terms of heating. Moreover, it was possible to use numerical simulation to examine the heating behaviour at different frequencies. These findings indicate that it is possible to heat GF-reinforced semi-finished products by fibre-shaped susceptors. Finally, it was possible to demonstrate that the heating process can be designed by means of the frequency of the induction system and directly controlled using the generator output.

Download Full-text

Development and Application of Test Equipment for Torsion Strength of Non-Metal Materials

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.492.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 492 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Shan Ge ◽

Yu Cheng Yin ◽

Zhi Qiang Liu

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Heating Process ◽

Inductive Heating ◽

Accurate Temperature ◽

Good Consistency ◽

Metal Materials ◽

Test Atmosphere ◽

Torsion Strength ◽

Temperature Test

In order to determine the torsion strength of non-metal materials at ambient and high temperature, a kind of equipment with inductive heating, infrared thermometer and torque loading by mechanical electrical rider was development. This equipment has advantages such as quick heating, accurate temperature test and controlling, easy controlling and continues of torque loading and test atmosphere can be controlled. The torsion strength of fireclay bricks with sample size of 40 mm × 40 mm × 230 mm, were tested separately at room temperature, 800°C, 1000°C, 1100°C and 1200°C, using this equipment. Results indicated that for the same batch of samples, the torsion strength determined by this equipment has good consistency, and mean while, it was found that the torsion strength decreased with the increase of test temperature obviously. In additional, developed equipment could be used for the determination of torsion creep at high temperature, the highest temperature of fracture under certain torque during the heating process, torque cycle fatigue failure of materials and so on.

Download Full-text