Design And Construction of a Modular Cost-Effective CNC Machine

The development of urban infrastructure projects like metro rail projects in the major cities in India is one of the challenging tasks due to several site construction and operating constraints. These rapid transit systems (RTS) are conceived to minimise traffic congestion by providing commuters with fast and efficient transportation alternatives. One such project is the Phase-II of the ongoing Bangalore Underground Metrorail Project. The design and construction of the metro rail project require sound engineering judgment and field experience on envisaged strata conditions along the proposed route alignment. The important factors that govern the excavation cycle depend on Rock mass material properties, efficient blast design and construction performance. All these considerations needs to be evaluated for achieving safe, cost-effective excavation design layouts. Proper blast design and safe blasting operations play a key role in achieving good fragmentation, minimising over break and equipment downtime. Site-specific innovative methods on controlled blasting techniques are being experimented with and demonstrated to minimise the ground vibrations. The major challenge lies with the design of efficient and smooth wall blasting techniques to safeguard the old heritage buildings and other subsurface structures and utilities.

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Optimization of Structural Design for High-Performance Concrete Bridges

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1624-16 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 1624 (1) ◽

pp. 132-139

Author(s):

Mary Lou Ralls ◽

Ramon L. Carrasquillo ◽

Ned H. Burns

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

High Performance Concrete ◽

High Strength ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Concrete Bridges ◽

Practical Guidelines ◽

Improved Performance ◽

Maintenance Requirements ◽

Design And Construction

High-performance concrete (HPC) bridges can be cost-effective both initially and in the long term, provided the design and construction optimize the improved performance characteristics of HPC. Using the high-strength characteristic of HPC can reduce the required number and size of beams. Using the improved durability characteristics of HPC can reduce maintenance requirements and extend the service life. Practical guidelines help design and construction engineers implement HPC in bridges.

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Design and Construction of Pipeline Integrated Oil Storage Caverns

2004 International Pipeline Conference, Volumes 1, 2, and 3 ◽

10.1115/ipc2004-0408 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Jack Broyles ◽

Paul Dusseault ◽

Frank Vanden Elsen

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Low Flow ◽

Oil Storage ◽

Oil Transportation ◽

Control Centre ◽

Salt Caverns ◽

Design And Construction ◽

Storage Facilities

In response to industry demand, Hardisty Caverns Limited Partnership (HCLP) has developed cost effective underground storage facilities with a capacity to store 480,000 m3 (3 million barrels) of crude oil. This project is unique through the integration of existing underground salt caverns into a significant North American crude oil transportation hub. Annually, 64 million cubic meters (400 million barrels) of oil move through this hub. This project utilizes existing caverns developed in the late 1960’s. Significant work was required to upgrade the cavern facilities and to construct new surface facilities to integrate the caverns into the crude oil transportation hub. Remote operation of the facility is performed from a control centre in Edmonton. In this paper, the key features of the design and construction of the Hardisty Cavern Storage Project will be presented. Of particular interest are the unique challenges presented due to hydraulic considerations related to cavern operation with multiple product characteristics and to provide crude oil movements exchanges between the cavern storage facilities and both low flow rate feeder pipelines and high flow rate transportation pipelines.

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Design and Construction of a Cost-Effective Didactic Robotic Arm for Playing Chess, Using an Artificial Vision System

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics8101154 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cristian del Toro ◽

Carlos Robles-Algarín ◽

Omar Rodríguez-Álvarez

Keyword(s):

Visual Servoing ◽

Mechanical Design ◽

Vision System ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Artificial Vision ◽

Robotic Arm ◽

Chess Game ◽

Human Opponent ◽

The University ◽

Design And Construction

This paper presents the design and construction of a robotic arm that plays chess against a human opponent, based on an artificial vision system. The mechanical design was an adaptation of the robotic arm proposed by the rapid prototyping laboratory FabLab RUC (Fabrication Laboratory of the University of Roskilde). Using the software Solidworks, a gripper with 4 joints was designed. An artificial vision system was developed for detecting the corners of the squares on a chessboard and performing image segmentation. Then, an image recognition model was trained using convolutional neural networks to detect the movements of pieces on the board. An image-based visual servoing system was designed using the Kanade–Lucas–Tomasi method, in order to locate the manipulator. Additionally, an Arduino development board was programmed to control and receive information from the robotic arm using Gcode commands. Results show that with the Stockfish chess game engine, the system is able to make game decisions and manipulate the pieces on the board. In this way, it was possible to implement a didactic robotic arm as a relevant application in data processing and decision-making for programmable automatons.

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THE LATENT CAUSES OF REWORK IN FLOATING PRODUCTION STORAGE AND OFFLOADING PROJECTS

Journal of Civil Engineering and Management ◽

10.3846/13923730.2013.802725 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 315-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Peter E. D. Love ◽

David John Edwards ◽

Zahir Irani ◽

Nuria Forcada

Keyword(s):

Communities Of Practice ◽

Financial Institutions ◽

Situated Learning ◽

Production Systems ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Operational Performance ◽

Significant Cost ◽

Cost Growth ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Design And Construction

There is growing demand for cost effective and reliable floating production systems to maximize marginal and new deepwater fields worldwide. Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessels are considered to be the most economical and viable options to meet this demand. Yet, FPSO projects are prone to significant cost and schedule growth. On average, FPSOs have been reported to experience a 20% cost growth and are delayed by six months. Overruns and delays represent uncertainties for owners, contractors and financial institutions. In-depth interviews with twenty-three practitioners about their experiences with FPSO projects revealed that rework arising from design and construction errors were major contributors to cost and schedule growth. Key latent conditions contributing to rework are classified according to people, organization and project. Using retrospective sensemaking an examination of the determinant histories in a new build and conversion FPSO that experienced rework was undertaken. The sharing of experience(s) is deemed pivotal for reducing rework in future projects, particularly through the use of communities of practice that are able to stimulate situated learning to take place. A reduction in rework will not only reduce cost and schedule growth, improve operational performance and augment safety.

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Overview of the U.S. Program for Reduction of Earthquake Hazards in Steel Moment-Frame Structures

Earthquake Spectra ◽

10.1193/1.1574816 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 237-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stephen A. Mahin ◽

James O. Malley ◽

Ronald O. Hamburger ◽

Michael Mahoney

Keyword(s):

Guideline Development ◽

Cost Effective ◽

The United States ◽

Frame Structures ◽

Earthquake Hazards ◽

Steel Buildings ◽

Moment Frame ◽

Steel Moment Frame ◽

The U.S ◽

Design And Construction

Considerable research has been conducted worldwide to assess the unexpected damage to welded steel moment-frame buildings during the 1989 Loma Prieta, 1994 Northridge, and 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquakes, as well as to find effective and economical remedies that can be incorporated into analysis, design, and construction practices. A major six-year program has been undertaken with the sponsorship of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to synthesize and interpret the results of this research, and to conduct additional investigations to develop reliable, practical, and cost-effective guidelines for the design and construction of new steel moment-frame structures, as well as for the inspection, evaluation and repair or upgrading of existing ones. Topics investigated as part of this program include (1) performance of steel buildings in past earthquakes; (2) material properties and fracture issues; (3) joining and inspection; (4) connection performance; (5) system performance; (6) performance prediction and evaluation; and (7) social, economic, and political impacts. The project utilizes a performance-based engineering framework and addresses issues pertaining to various types of steel moment-resisting frames including those utilizing welded, bolted, and partially restrained connections. The guidelines are applicable to regions of low, medium, and high seismicity throughout the United States. This paper reviews the overall organization and management of this program of research, guideline development, training and peer evaluation, the scope of the investigations undertaken, and the general organization and contents of the guidelines developed.

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Robotic Handling of Jet Engine Turbine Blade Using Collaborative Robot

Volume 2B: Advanced Manufacturing ◽

10.1115/imece2020-23388 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Prateek Sahay ◽

Janet Dong ◽

Caleb Bisig ◽

Ou Ma

Keyword(s):

Turbine Blade ◽

Material Handling ◽

Cost Effective ◽

The Body ◽

Milling Machine ◽

Cnc Milling ◽

Cnc Machine ◽

Jet Engine ◽

Cnc Milling Machine ◽

Collaborative Robot

Abstract The work discussed in this paper is a part of the project to build an automated robotic cell for removing two tabs from a Jet Engine Turbine Blade using a 3-axis CNC milling machine and for laser marking several lines of part information onto the blade body. The two tabs are extensions of the Turbine Blade, in which the necessary part information is ingrained. The part information is used as the identification of the Turbine Blade throughout its entire manufacturing process. The two tabs also serve as anchors during the milling of the body of the Turbine Blade in a 5-axis CNC machine. Once the milling of the blade body is done, the two tabs will be removed from the blade body. Removing tabs is currently being done in the same 5-axis CNC milling machine. It is expensive and wastes 5-axis machine time. Therefore, using a 3-axis CNC milling machine to remove tabs is proposed with a robot to tend machines to be cost-effective. Due to the complexity of the Turbine Blade having 3-D wavy geometry, it adds challenges in undertaking any operations on the blade with automation. As automation is becoming relevant in many industries including the Aerospace, the method discussed in this paper can be used as a general guideline for carrying out material handling tasks with a thin part of wavy geometry by using a collaborative robot.

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