scholarly journals External Locus of Control and Demographic Data as Determinant Factors of Trauma Resilience: A Study among Young Women Who Were Exposed to Violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Alfina Rizkia ◽  
Chandradewi Kusristanti
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Problem Solving Behavior

The number of violent incidents on women is increasing every year in Indonesia. Some women can survive through traumatic experiences, and it is related to their resilience. Locus of control (LoC) is known to contribute to resilience by enhancing individuals’ self- control and problem-solving behavior. This study aims to determine the role of LoC in trauma resilience among 134 young women (20 – 40 years old) who were exposed to violence (domestic, physical, and sexual) and a minimum of high school education. This study used a quantitative approach with the Locus of Control Scale (α = 0.732, 18 items) and the Trauma Resilience Scale (α = 0.961, 48 items). Two hypotheses are proved in this study: (1) external LoC significantly contributes to trauma resilience (p = .000, R2 = .139), (2) there is a significant difference between violence exposure (<.001), perpetrators (.005), and disclosure to others about their experience of violence (.009). We also found that no participants reported a dominant internal LoC, so future studies are advised to focus on women who were exposed to violence with a more dominant internal LoC.

Locus of Control Dimensions among Senior Pharmacy Students Electing Post-Pharm. D. Residencies

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Dick R. Gourley ◽  
David E. Kapel ◽  
John W. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
External Control ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Clinical Faculty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Faculty Groups ◽  
Faculty Group

The locus of control dimensions among senior Pharm.D. students electing post-Pharm.D. residencies (N=15) are compared with first (N = 60) and second year (N = 55) Pharm.D. students, as well as with senior Pharm.D. students not electing residencies (N=14). Volunteer clinical faculty [hospital (N=27) and community (N = 23) pharmacy preceptors] and full-time clinical faculty (N = 22) are also compared. The Reid-Ware three-factor internal-external scale was completed by the study population. The dimensions measured were: self-control, social systems control, and fatalism. This study was undertaken to: 1. compare the locus of control dimensions among senior pharmacy students electing post-Pharm.D. residencies with senior pharmacy students not electing post-Pharm.D. residencies (and with other pharmacy students) and 2. compare the locus of control dimensions among senior pharmacy students electing and not electing post-Pharm. D. residencies (and with other pharmacy students) with their clinical, hospital, and community faculty to identify personality congruence (i.e., similarities, differences) which might facilitate the development of patient oriented-interactive behaviors necessary for clinical practice. Self-control (SC) was the major factor that generated the significant difference in the seven groups. The clinical (full-time) faculty group is significantly different from the student groups with the exception of the P-3, residency students. Over 50 percent of the P-3 residency group responded more like the faculty groups than like other students, with more P-3 residency students responding like clinical faculty than any other student or faculty group. The implication is that a similar personality profile exists in terms of internal/external control for the P-3 residency and full-time clinical faculty groups. Professors may have influenced, stimulated, or motivated those students most like themselves to enter a residency program. Based on the data, it would appear desirable to profile pharmacy students and give those who have a strong internal self-control factor encouragement to pursue post-graduate academic or residency programs and to retain as many of those individuals as possible in the areas of pharmacy that directly influence patient care and the pharmacist's role on the health care team.

scholarly journals The Role of Gender in Association between Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control among University Student-Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11819
Author(s):  
Audrone Dumciene ◽  
Saule Sipaviciene
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
University Student ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Forecasting Models ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Control Construct

The purpose of this study was to reveal the peculiarities of undergraduate studies university student-athletes’ emotional intelligence and self-control indicators, and the role of gender as a predictor in the association between emotional intelligence and self-control. The study included students regularly involved in training at least three times a week. The sample consisted of 1395 student athletes from Lithuanian universities, among them 59.2% female and 40.8% male. For measurement, the SSRI inventory and a self-control scale were used. All values of emotional intelligence indicators were significantly higher for males than females. Estimates of the components of the self-control construct varied. The score for the healthy habits component was significantly higher for women than for men, the self-discipline component did not differ significantly, and the other three components were higher for males. Estimates of the components of the self-control construct varied. Models for predicting the values of self-control components were proposed. Only one component of the emotional intelligence construct, optimism, was repeated in all forecasting models, as well as gender. Other components of emotional intelligence vary in models.

scholarly journals PERAN SELF CONTROL TERHADAP PERILAKU AGGRESSIVE DRIVING PENGGUNA SEPEDA MOTOR

Psycho Idea ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Muhammad Wika Kurniawan ◽  
Indra Prapto Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
Trial Participants ◽  
Simple Regression

The aim of the study is determining whether there is a role of self control toward aggressive driving behavior on motorcyclist. This study hypothesizes that there is a role of self control toward aggressive driving behavior on motorcyclist. This study used 200 young male motorcyclists in South Sumatera as participants who already has driving license C and used 50 motorcyclists as the trial participants. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The study measurements are self control scale and aggressive driving behavior scale that refer to Averill’s (1973) self control types and Tasca’s (2000) aggressive driving behavior forms. Data analysis used simple regression.The result of simple regression shows R square = 0,507, F= 203,680, and p = 0,000 (p<0,05). This means that self control has a significant role toward aggressive driving behavior. Thus, the hypothesis could be accepted and self control contribution toward aggressive driving behavior is 50,7%.

Predictors of Academic Self-Concept of Older Adults

1989 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Drummond ◽  
Betty Gilkison
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Older Learners ◽  
Gregorc Style Delineator ◽  
Enrollment Status

This study examined the predictors of the academic self-concept of 130 older adults (50 to 68 yr.). The Levenson Multidimensional Locus of Control Scale, the Gregorc Style Delineator, and the Drummond Academic Self-concept Scale and a demographic data sheet were completed by the adults. In stepwise regression, age and enrollment status plus learning style variables accounted for 11.5% and 4.5% of the variance, and the three locus of control scales for 33.1%. How older learners tend to feel about themselves and their world influences their perception of their academic environment more than their preferred modality of learning.

scholarly journals Dysfunction of Self-Control in Facebook Addiction: Impulsivity Is the Key

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Cudo ◽  
Małgorzata Torój ◽  
Marcin Demczuk ◽  
Piotr Francuz
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Action Control ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
State Orientation ◽  
Facebook Addiction ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level

AbstractFacebook is one of the most popular social network sites and communication platforms. However, besides many positive elements related to the use of this network site, in some cases it may lead to addiction. Therefore, the main aim of our study was to identify Facebook addiction predictors, in particular, to verify whether impulsivity, as a dimension of self-control, is an important predictor of this type of addiction. We also examined whether Facebook addiction predictors such as time spent using Facebook, use of Facebook smartphone apps, state orientation and female gender would be significant in our model of Facebook addiction. The 234 participants in the study were assessed using the Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire, the Brief Self-Control Scale and the Action Control Scale. Impulsivity as a dimension of self-control, action control, amount of time spent on Facebook, Facebook app use and gender were found to be related to Facebook addiction. Specifically, a high level of impulsivity, more time spent using Facebook, female gender and Facebook smartphone app use are predictors of Facebook addiction. However, the relation between state orientation, restraint as a dimension of self-control and Facebook addiction was insignificant. Our results may indicate the role of impulsivity as a dimension of self-control in Facebook addiction. In addition, they may suggest that self-control should be taken into account not only as a one-dimensional but also as a multidimensional construct in Facebook addiction research. Our findings may also contribute to the better preparation of prevention and therapeutic programmes for people at risk of Facebook addiction.

The effect of parent–adolescent relationship quality on deviant peer affiliation: The mediating role of self-control and friendship quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 2714-2736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangsong Liu ◽  
Harold Chui ◽  
Man Cheung Chung
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Deviant Peer Affiliation ◽  
Peer Affiliation ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adolescent Relationship

Previous research demonstrated the association between parent–adolescent relationship quality and deviant peer affiliation, but it is unclear whether this relation is mediated by other psychological and interpersonal variables, whether father– and mother–adolescent relationship quality have different pathways in predicting deviant peer affiliation, and whether gender moderates these associations. A sample of 543 students from grades 10 to 12 (42.7% male; age M = 16.2 years, SD = 1.0) was selected from a Chinese high school in Shenzhen, China. They provided demographic variables and completed self-report measures of father– and mother–adolescent relationship quality, self-control, friendship quality, and deviant peer affiliation. The results showed that lower father–adolescent relationship quality was associated with lower self-control, which in turn was associated with higher deviant peer affiliation. Mother–adolescent relationship quality did not have direct or indirect association with deviant peer affiliation. In addition, male and female adolescents had no significant difference in the associations between father– and mother–adolescent relationship quality, self-control, friendship quality, and deviant peer affiliation. Implications and limitations of these findings were discussed.

PREVENTING PTSD: THE VALUE OF INNER RESOURCEFULNESS AND A SENSE OF PERSONAL CONTROL OF A SITUATION. IS IT A MATTER OF PROBLEM-SOLVING OR ANXIETY MANAGEMENT?

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham J. Ness ◽  
Norman Macaskill
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Life Threatening

The accounts of five subjects who survived life threatening experiences without the development of PTSD were examined, focusing on the coping strategies and cognitions described in these situations. The study aimed to determine whether there was a common pattern of response amongst subjects in these situations similar to the cognitive patterns described by the senior author of the previous case study (Ness & Macaskill, 2000) who survived a near drowning experience without the development of PTSD. In the search for common coping strategies all five respondents in the study completed the Locus of Control Scale (Rotter, 1966) and the Self-Control Schedule (Fisher & Reason, 1988). All five respondents demonstrated the use of problem solving as their main cognitive strategy, utilizing specific information from their previous experience relevant to their life-threatening situation. Respondents did not appear to rely on coping strategies aimed at the management of acute anxiety symptomatology. There was no common pattern among respondents in profiles on the Self-Control Schedule or the Locus of Control Scale. The possible implications of this case series study are discussed in relation to opportunities for the prevention of PTSD, the use of debriefing and the treatment of post-traumatic stress.

Afterword

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Seaman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Twenty First Century

This chapter explores the role of women in late twentieth and twenty-first century Japan and explores how young women look at marriage and the family. Young women, often the focus of the Japanese media, are refusing to get married or have children in larger and larger numbers. This refusal is cataloged in a number of humorous books and essays by female cultural critics such as Sakai Junko, famous for her book Howl of a Loser Dog, Kusunoki Potosu who comes from the field of organic farming, and Haishi Kaori, a journalist. Using all the same demographic data, they make the case that fewer children are better for women and for Japan as a whole.

Effect of Hope on Resilience in Adolescents: Social Support and Social Connectedness as Mediators

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
İlhan Cicek
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of social support and social connectedness between hope and resilience in adolescents. A total of 413 high school students (57.1% girls; M= 17.31, SD= 1.61) participated in the study. Participants completed the Children’s Hope Scale (CHS), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Brief Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (BPSSQ), and Social Connectedness Scale (SCS). The results showed that there was a positive significant correlation between social support, resilience, social connectedness, and hope. In addition, according to the gender variable, it is seen that the resilience and hope scores of the boys are significantly higher than the girls. On the other hand, no significant difference was found in social connectedness and social support in terms of gender. The results mediation analysis showed that hope significantly and positively predicted social connectedness, social support, and resilience. Also, social connectedness positively and significantly predicted social support, and social support was a significant predictor of resilience. Most importantly, social support and social connectedness acted as mediating roles in the relationship between hope and resilience. These results suggest that social connectedness and social support are two important sources in developing resilience. This has important implications for research and practice.

Do body mass index (BMI) and history of nutritional supplementation play a role in the severity of COVID-19? A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houra Mohseni ◽  
Shirin Amini ◽  
Behnaz Abiri ◽  
Mojtaba Kalantar
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
History Of

Purpose The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that puts strain on health-care systems. Obesity is considered as a risk factor for the severity of infection. Hypotheses also suggested some nutritional supplements may be useful in COVID-19. This paper aims to assess the role of body mass index (BMI) and nutritional supplements on the severity of COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach This research was conducted on 603 participants (in five groups including: exposure to virus and healthy, COVID-19 positive patients with severity of mild, moderate, severe and death from COVID-19), in age 18 to 65 years. Demographic data and history of nutritional supplements were asked. Anthropometric measurements were measured in a healthy group and in a patient. They were collected by referring to patients' medical records. Findings The mean of BMI in groups with severity symptoms of moderate (27.57 kg/m2), severe (29.70 kg/m2) and death persons (28.13 kg/m2), was significantly higher than healthy (26.70 kg/m2) and mild symptoms (26.57 kg/m2) groups (p = 0.001). The logistic regression shown, the fourth quartile of BMI was significantly associated with occurrence of COVID19, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI): [OR: 1.81, (95% CI: 1.13– 2.89), p-for trend = 0.55]. There was no significant difference in the percentage of vitamin C, D3, Zinc, Iron and multivitamin supplements intake, between groups, in the past six months (p = 0.11). Originality/value This study indicated the role of higher BMI in the occurrence and severity of COVID-19. Researches are not enough to recommend consumption of nutritional supplements for the prevention of COVID-19.

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