scholarly journals Correlation, Regression and Path analysis among yield and yield traits in Triticum dicoccum

1970 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Maysoun M. Saleh ◽  
Dyab S. Moussa ◽  
Nader I. Alkaraki ◽  
Abbas Lateef Abdurahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Triticum Dicoccum ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Significant Regression

Seven wheat genotypes (Triticum dicoccum) and the local check sham5 were planted all at Al-Ghab and Izra Research centers in The General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research in Syria during growing season 2010/2011. Yield components (number of total and fertile tillers per plant, number and weight of grains per spike, weight of thousand grain and individual plant grain yield) were studied in two sites in order to predict their effect and to determine their effects on grain yield in order to define selection criteria for grain yield. Results revealed all studied traits except total tillers number were positively correlated with grain yield, and only (fertile tillers number and grain number per spike and grain weight per spike) had a significant regression with grain yield and these traits can explain about (27.6, 67.7, 62.2)% respectively of the variation final grain yield. Results of path analysis indicated that the direct effect of fertile tillers per plant and grain weight per spike on grain yield was positive and high (0.6178, 0.7563) respectively, so that we can depend on them in breeding program as selection criteria to increase grain yield in plant.

scholarly journals Effects of Sowing Time and Growing Density on Agronomic Traits, Grain Yield, and Grain Quality of Waxy Sorghum Cultivar Hongliangfeng 1

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Can Wang ◽  
Lingbo Zhou ◽  
Guobing Zhang ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Xu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Weight Protein ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sowing time and growing density on the yield and quality of grain in waxy sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). The main plots were two sowing time: early sowing (5 April) and late sowing (20 April), and the subplots were three growing densities: 0.8 × 105, 1.1 × 105, and 1.4 × 105 plants/ha. Results showed that sowing time and growing density had significant effects on grain yield and grain quality of waxy sorghum cultivar Hongliangfeng 1. Grain yield, plant height, spike length, culm diameter, grain number per spike, grain weight per plant, 1000-grain weight, protein content, starch content, and amylopectin content were reduced by a delay of sowing time, while the tannin content and amylose content were increased by a delay of sowing time. Grain yield, plant height, spike length, culm diameter, grain number per spike, grain weight per plant, 1000-grain weight, protein content, starch content, and amylopectin content increased and then decreased with the increase of growing density, while the tannin content and amylose content decreased and then increased with the increase of growing density. These results hinted that appropriate sowing time and growing density are key cultivation measures to ensure high yield and good quality in waxy sorghum production.

scholarly journals Evaluating the performance of some Primitive Wheat Triticum dicoccum Genotypes

Food Biology ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Maysoun M. Saleh ◽  
Dyab S. Moussa ◽  
Nader I. Alkaraki ◽  
Abbas Lateef Abdurahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Triticum Dicoccum ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Superior Genotypes

Seven wheat genotypes (Triticum dicoccum) and the local check sham5 variety were planted during  growing season 2010/2011under rainfed conditions using RCBD with three replications. Yield components (number of total and fertile tillers, number and weight of grains per spike, weight of thousand grain and individual plant grain yield) were studied in two sites in order to define the differences between the studied genotypes in both sites and to provide the superior genotypes for breeding programs. Results showed that the genotype PW70 was significantly superior in (grain yield, number and weight of grain per spike) comparing to check. While, the genotypes (PW96, PW119, PW123) were significantly superior in thousand grain weight comparing to check, as well as the genotype (PW81, PW127) were significantly superior in total and fertile tillers number comparing to check. Most traits were significantly superior in Al-Ghab site.

scholarly journals Evaluation of salinity tolerance indices in North African barley accessions at reproductive stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorsaf Allel ◽  
Anis BenAmar ◽  
Mounawer Badri ◽  
Chedly Abdelly
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
North African ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Selection Indices

Soil salinity is one of the main factors limiting cereal productivity in worldwide agriculture. Exploitation of natural variation in local barley germplasm is an effective approach to overcome yield losses. Three gene pools of North African Hordeum vulgare L. grown in Tunisia, Algeria and Egypt were evaluated at the reproductive stage under control and saline conditions. Assessment of stress tolerance was monitored using morphological, yield-related traits and phenological parameters of reproductive organs showing significant genetic variation. High heritability and positive relationships were found suggesting that some traits associated with salt tolerance could be used as selection criteria. The phenotypic correlations revealed that vegetative traits including shoot biomass, tiller number and leaf number along with yield-related traits such as spike number, one spike dry weight, grain number/plant and grain number/spike were highly positively correlated with grain yield under saline conditions. Hence, these traits can be used as reliable selection criteria to improve barley grain yield. Keeping a higher shoot biomass and longer heading and maturity periods as well as privileged filling ability might contribute to higher grain production in barley and thus could be potential target traits in barley crop breeding toward improvement of salinity tolerance. Multiple selection indices revealed that salt tolerance trait index provided a better discrimination of barley landraces allowing selection of highly salt-tolerant and highly productive genotypes under severe salinity level. Effective evaluation of salt tolerance requires an integration of selection indices to successfully identify and characterize salt tolerant lines required for valuable exploitation in the management of salt-affected areas.  

scholarly journals Canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.) accessions from nineteen countries show useful genetic variation for agronomic traits

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cogliatti ◽  
F. Bongiorno ◽  
H. Dalla Valle ◽  
W J Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Harvest Maturity ◽  
Phalaris Canariensis ◽  
Late Sowing

Fifty-seven accessions of canaryseed (47 populations and 10 cultivars) from 19 countries were evaluated for agronomic traits in four field trials sown over 3 yr in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Genetic variation was found for all traits scored: grain yield and its components (grain weight, grain number per square meter, grain number per head and head number per square meter), harvest index, percent lodging, and phenological characters (emergence to heading, emergence to harvest maturity and heading to harvest maturity). Although genotype × environment interaction was observed for all traits, the additive differences between accessions were sufficient to enable promising breeding materials to be identified. Accessions superior in performance to the local Argentinean population, which in general gave values close to the overall mean of the accessions evaluated, were identified. For example, a population of Moroccan origin gave good yield associated with elevated values of the highly heritable character grain weight, rather than with the more commonly observed grain number per square meter. This population was also of relatively short stature and resistant to lodging, and, although it performed best when sown within the normal sowing date, tolerated late sowing fairly well. Other accessions were also observed with high grain weight, a useful characteristic in itself, since large grains are desirable from a quality point of view. Regarding phenology, the accessions showed a range of 160 degree days (8 calendar days in our conditions) in maturity, which, while not large in magnitude, may be of some utility in crop rotation management. Some accessions were well adapted to late sowing. Grain yield in general was strongly correlated with grain number per square meter. Principal components analysis (PCA) carried out for all characteristics provided indications of accessions combining useful characteristics and identified three components that explained approximately 70% of the phenotypic variation. Furthermore, a second PCA plus regression showed that approximately 60% of the variation in grain yield could be explained by a component associated with harvest index and grain number per square meter. Pointers were provided to possible future breeding targets.Key words: Phalaris canariensis, canaryseed, accessions, yield, phenology, genetics, breeding

scholarly journals Expected genetic advance for thousand grain weight and grain number per spike of bread wheat and durum wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Gordana Brankovic ◽  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Vesna Kandic ◽  
Jovan Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike

The research was aimed at examining variability, variance components, broadsense heritability (h2), expected genetic advance of thousand grain weight (TGW) and grain number per spike (GNS) of 15 genotypes of bread wheat and 15 genotypes of durum wheat. Field trials were carried out during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 growing seasons at the three sites: Rimski Sancevi, Zemun Polje and Padinska Skela. Results of this investigation showed that the genetic component of variance (?2 g) was predominant for TGW of bread and durum wheat and for GNS of bread wheat. The genotype ? environment interaction (?2 ge) component of phenotypic variance was 8.72 times higher than ?2 g for GNS of durum wheat and pointed to the greater instability of durum wheat genotypes. h2 was very high (>90%) for TGW and GNS of bread wheat, high for TGW of durum wheat - 87.3% and low for GNS of durum wheat - 39.5%. Considering the high values obtained for h2 - 96.4% and the highest value for expected genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM) - 19.3% for TGW of bread wheat, the success of selection for desired values of this yield component can be anticipated. The success of selection cannot be predicted for GNS of durum wheat due to low values obtained for h2 and GAM of 39.5% and 2.8%, respectively.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of spike traits in two- and multi-rowed barley crosses

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-482
Author(s):  
Milomirka Madic ◽  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Aleksandar Paunovic ◽  
Dragan Djurovic
Keyword(s):  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Barley Genotypes ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Mode of inheritance and genetic variance components for spike length, grain number per spike and grain weight per spike were evaluated in four parental genotypes and their F1 and F2 hybrids obtained through incomplete diallel crossing. Multi-rowed barley genotypes HVW-247 and Partizan and two-rowed barley genotypes KG-15 and NS-293 were selected for the crossing based on the trait concept with the parents being divergent for spike length, grain number per spike and grain weight per spike. The average values for spike length in F1 and F2 generations were intermediate or close to those of the parent having longer spikes, with the mode of inheritance being partial dominance, dominance or overdominance, depending on the crossing combination. The six-rowed x six-rowed and two-rowed x two-rowed crossing combinations showed dominance of increased grain number per spike and increased grain weight per spike in the inheritance of grain number per spike and grain weight per spike, respectively, whereas the six-rowed x two-rowed cross was predominated by partial dominance.

scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics of Two-rowed Barley (Hordeum sativum ssp. distichum L.) Landraces Originating from Herzegovina

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Ivan Kovačević ◽  
Đurađ Hajder ◽  
Danijela Kondić ◽  
Dragan Mandić ◽  
Desimir Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Barley Landrace ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Significant Difference

Barley is a small grain cereal, tolerant to high temperatures and drought. Due to this characteristic, it can be regarded as a promising crop for production in dry conditions. Research on five spring landraces of two-rowed barley lasted two experimental years (2011 and 2012) in agro-ecological conditions of Banja Luka. In the experiment, the standard cropping practices were applied, without irrigation. The experiment was set as a complete randomized design with four replications. All measurements were performed in 10 plants per replication. Morphological characteristics included plant height (cm), spike length (cm), grain number per spike and grain weight per spike (g). Obtained data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance with landrace and growing season as main factors. Significant treatment or interaction effects were further analysed by Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) test, often utilized for pairwise comparisons among arithmetic means. In all tested traits the maximum average values were obtained in barley landrace AM2, i.e. the plant height (86.89 cm), the spike length (8.90 cm), the grain number per spike (24.74) and the grain weight per spike (1.17 g). Due to these facts, two-rowed barley landrace AM2 can be marked as the most productive in this research, bearing a potential for different crop breeding practices.

Path Analysis of Red Rice (Oryza sativaL.) Competition by Cultivated Rice

Weed Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Pantone ◽  
J. B. Baker ◽  
P. W. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice

During 1985 to 1989, a series of field experiments were conducted at the Rice Research Station in Crowley, LA. Path analysis was employed to evaluate the competitive interaction between a weed (red rice) and cultivated rice (Mars). The path analysis quantified direct effects of red rice and Mars rice densities on the yield components (grain weight, percent filled florets, number of florets panicle−1, and panicles plant−1) of red rice and Mars rice. The model illustrated the direct and indirect effects of the yield components on fecundity and grain yield plant−1. The direct effects of Mars and red rice densities on panicles plant−1and florets panicle−1were always negative. In contrast, the effects of density on percent filled florets and grain weight varied from positive to negative and were relatively small, implying that they were determined primarily by density-independent factors. Path analysis indicated that the number of panicles plant−1and florets panicle−1were the most important yield components determining the responses of fecundity and grain yield to competition.

scholarly journals Variability of grain yield components of some new winter wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 230-235
Author(s):  
M. Sabo ◽  
M. Bede ◽  
Ž.U. Hardi
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Grain Yield Components

Variability of grain yield components of some new winter wheat genotypes (e.g. Lara, Lenta, Kruna, Fiesta, Perla, and one line of AG-45) was examined. The analysis of grain yield components of these genotypes and the line was undertaken in a two-year research (1997/1998 and 1998/1999) at two different locations. Significant differences among genotypes, locations and research years were established. In the first experimental year (1997/1998) there was a high positive correlation between nearly all components of the grain yield. The most significant correlation was found between the grain number per spike and grain yield. In the second experimental year (1998/1999) the components did not show statistically significant correlation with the grain yield. It seems that the grain yield of examined genotypes depended significantly on the grain number per spike, grain mass per spike, and agroecological conditions during the vegetation period, whereby the potential yield was determined by the interaction among genotypes, location and production year. The biggest differences among examined genotypes of winter wheat were found in the stem height and spike length.

scholarly journals The impact of source or sink limitations on yield formation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to post-anthesis water and nitrogen deficiencies

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Madani ◽  
A. Shirani-Rad ◽  
A. Pazoki ◽  
G. Nourmohammadi ◽  
R. Zarghami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiencies ◽  
Rainfed Wheat ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
The Impact

The experiments were laid out to understand the mechanisms causing yield limitations imposed by post-anthesis water and nitrogen deficiencies in plants with modified source-sink ratios. Two soil-water regimes were allotted to the main plots. At anthesis, three levels of N were applied: none, 25% and 50% of total the N supply. Spike-halving caused reduction in grain yield at both water regimes and all N supply levels, showing that the reduction in grain number can not be compensated by a higher individual grain weight. Sink reduction by trimming 50% of the spikelets reduced grain number per ear by 38.5% and increased individual grain weight by 12.0%, which shows the plasticity in grain weight and grain set of wheat if sufficient assimilates are available. Additional nitrogen supply at anthesis had no significant effect on the total aboveground biomass, but increased grain yield through more allocation of dry matter to grains. Our findings suggest that for rainfed wheat with optimum N supply and supplemental irrigation, wheat growers should choose cultivars with a high grain number per ear and manage the crop to increase grain number per unit of land (sink capacity).

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