scholarly journals Antibacterial effect of Artemisia and ginger extracts in controlling Agrobacterium tumefaciens in roses

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Alfred Njagi ◽  
Methuselah Nyamwange Mang'erere ◽  
Ezekiel Mugendi Njeru ◽  
Jonah Kiprono Birgen
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Crown Gall Disease

Rose is the world’s most traded cut flowers with 74 % being produced in Kenya. Pests like spider mites, caterpillar, aphids, thrips, nematodes and diseases such as crown gall, downy mildew, powdery mildew and botrytis highly compromise rose production. Crown gall disease caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the most problematic disease of roses in Kenya, causing a production loss of up to 60 % depending on the age and variety of rose. An experiment to determine the antibacterial effect of Artemisia and ginger extracts was carried out in vitro, where the inhibitory zones around filter discs soaked with extracts on Muller Hinton agar was established. The extracts were emulsified with dimethylsulfoxide (50 %) and minimum inhibitory concentrations of Artemisia (125 mg/ml), ginger (62.5 mg/ml) and mixture of Artemisia and ginger (31.25 mg/ml) were used to soak the filter discs whereas the commercial recommended rate of copper hydroxide of 6.25 mg/ml was used. Artemisia and copper hydroxide (commercial antibiotic) had highest inhibition zone of 12.80 mm compared to ginger 10.60 mm. A mixture of Artemisia and Ginger had a slightly lower inhibition zone (10.20 mm) though not significantly different from ginger (P> 0.001). An eight-month greenhouse experiment was also done to determine the efficacy of the extracts on inoculated rose plants. The results showed that crown gall incidence and gall weight were low but not significantly different from copper hydroxide and Artemisia. Crop vigor, which was indicated by stem length was highest for Artemisia treatment with an average of 73.54 cm followed by copper hydroxide (67.25 cm) while ginger and mixture of ginger and Artemisia had 53.44 cm and 64.70 cm respectively. From the results of this research, Artemisia and Ginger extracts are promising alternative to control crown gall and possibly other diseases in field crops. Artemisia performance compares well with copper hydroxide and therefore the best alternative to replace copper hydroxide.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a Pseudomonas mosselii strain and its Antibacterial Function against Agrobacterium tumefaciens

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-231
Author(s):  
Zhilong Wang ◽  
◽  
Wen Li ◽  
Jiaying Wang ◽  
Xintong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Crown Gall Disease

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram negative bacterial that can infect a range of plants and result in root crown gall. A total number of 10328 bacterial strains were isolated from rhizosphere of cherry tree. One strain of LWB10 showed clear inhibition zone around the bacterial colony in YEB media inoculated with A. tumefaciens C58. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical characterization indicated that LWB10 belongs to member of the genus Pseudomonas. Results from the high-throughput matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization biotypersmart system indicated that this strain had a score value of 2.247 relative to Pseudomonas mosselii. Also, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain LWB10 shared the highest similarity with Pseudomonas mosselii CIP 105259T. The antagonist strains also exhibit well in growth inhibition of other five A. tumefaciens strains. Coinoculation of LWB10 and plant pathogenic strain of A. tumefaciens CFCC1369 showed strongly inhibition of tumor formation in tomato stems. All the results demonstrated that the isolated strain is P. mosselii LWB10 and its antibacterial ability to A. tumefaciens may offer new way for management of crown gall disease in the future. Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas mosselii, antagonist, biological control

New manufacturing process to develop antibacterial dyed polyethylene terephthalate sutures using plasma functionalization and chitosan immobilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110505
Author(s):  
Nesrine Bhouri ◽  
Faten Debbabi ◽  
Abderrahmen Merghni ◽  
Esther Rohleder ◽  
Boris Mahltig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Plasma Functionalization

The main purpose of this paper is to develop a new manufacturing process leading to have antibacterial dyed non-absorbable braided polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sutures using biocompatible and non-toxic products. This manufacturing process allows better visibility of sutures in the surgical field and reduces the risk of infections and inflammatory reactions without affecting the mechanical properties while meeting the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) requirements. Plasma functionalization, acrylic acid (AA) grafting, and bioactive chitosan (CH) coating were used before the dyeing process with a biocompatible non-toxic acid dye, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The influence of experimental parameters on the suture properties and the K/S values of the dyed sutures are investigated. Infrared spectroscopy confirms the presence of new bonds to immobilize chitosan on the surface of the suture. Mechanical tests confirm that the mechanical properties of sutures have not been affected. The in vitro antibacterial effect of dyed PET sutures showed an inhibition zone of 11 mm against S. aureus, 4 mm against P. aeruginosa, and 1 mm against E. coli. This study reveals that the new finishing process of sutures is a promising method to achieve an antibacterial effect with a uniform shade and smooth surfaces.

Perception of Agrobacterium tumefaciens flagellin by FLS2XL confers resistance to crown gall disease

Nature Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Fürst ◽  
Yi Zeng ◽  
Markus Albert ◽  
Anna Kristina Witte ◽  
Judith Fliegmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Crown Gall Disease

scholarly journals Pengaruh Antibakteri Ekstrak Kulit Batang Matoa (Pometia pinnata) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara In vitro

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy Ngajow ◽  
Jemmy Abidjulu ◽  
Vanda S. Kamu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Distilled Water

Telah dilakukan penelitian secara kualitatif terhadap pengaruh antibakteri dari ekstrak kulit batang matoa (Pometia pinnata. Spp.) terhadap bakteri Gram positif Staphylococcus aureus . Sebelum dilakukan uji antibakteri, sampel yang telah diekstrak secara maserasi diuji fitokimia terlebih dahulu untuk menentukan kandungan metabolit sekunder yang telah diketahui berperan sebagai agen antibakteri. Setelah dilakukan uji fitokimia, ekstrak diuji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan menggunakan teknik difusi agar dengan cara sumuran. Ekstrak dilarutkan pada aquades steril dengan perbandingan 2 g ekstrak pada 2 mL air. Untuk kontrol positif, digunakan ciprofloxacin dan aquades steril sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit batang matoa memiliki aktivitas antibakteri setelah diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada 37 OC. Dari 3 kali pengulangan dengan masing – masing 3 sumuran, didapat zona hambat masing – masing 16.84 mm, 12.5 mm dan 14.5 mm dengan kontrol positif 29.67 mm serta kontrol negatif 0 mm. Hasil yang diperoleh didukung oleh keberadaan metabolit sekunder hasil uji fitokimia yaitu tanin, flavonoid, terpenoid dan saponin.A qualitative study has done  of the antibacterial effect of matoa (Pometia pinnata) stem bark extract against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus . Before the antibacterial test , samples were extracted by maceration and then  phytochemical  tested to measuring the content of secondary metabolites  that have been known to act as an antibacterial agent . After being tested of phytochemical , extracts were tested the antibacterial effect  against Staphylococcus aureus using agar diffusion technique. Extract was dissolved in sterile distilled water with a ratio of 2 g of extract in 2 mL of water . For the positive control , use of ciprofloxacin and sterile distilled water as a negative control . Results of this study indicate that matoa bark extract has antibacterial effect after incubation for 24 h at 37OC . Of 3 times with each repetition - each 3 wells, the inhibition zone obtained - each 16.84 mm , 12.5 mm and 14.5 mm with 29.67 mm of positive control and a negative control by 0 mm . The results are supported by the presence of secondary metabolites by phytochemical test such as tannins , flavonoids , terpenoids and saponins.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effect Of Kaempferia Galanga L Extract On Lactobacillus Acidophilus –In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Josi Saraswati ◽  
Annisa Septalita ◽  
Arini Bovita. N
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Negative Controls

Introduction: Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the bacteria causes dental caries. The previous study has shown that Kaempferia galanga extract has a potential to inhibit the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus.Objective: To determine the antibacterial effect of Kaempferia galanga extract to Lactobacillus acidophilus.Methods:Kaempferia galanga is extracted in 3 different solvents:dichlormethane, ethanol, and aquades. For each solvent, 0.2 μl Kaempferia galanga extractdroped into 6 mm steril paper dics. 0.1 ml Lactobacillus acidophilus inoculated on MRS agar. Each disc contains extract were impragnated into the agar media, then incubated at 370C for 24 hours, and inhibition zone measured.Results: Mean scores of Kaempferia galanga extract in 3 different solvents are: Kaempferia galanga (dichlormethane) is 1.6400; Kaempferia galanga (ethanol) is 1.7440; Kaempferia galanga extract is 1.6600; boiled Kaempferia galanga is 1.7000. Using Mann-Whitney Test, the results are: negative controls have no inhibition effect on Lactobacillus acidophilus compaired to Kaempferia galanga extract, comparation of those 4 Kaempferia galangal treatments shows no significant difference, those 4 Kaempferia galanga treatments compaired to erythromycin antibacterial effect shows significant difference, otherwise 4 Kaempferia galanga treatments compaired to penicillin shows no significant difference except Kaempferia galanga (ethanol).Conclusions: Kaempferia galanga extract can kill Lactobacillus acidophilus. Inhibition effect of Kaempferia galanga extract has no significant difference to penicillin but lower inhibition effect than erythromycin. The Kaempferia galanga extracts showed better antibacterial activity than penicillin.

scholarly journals Wild tembelek plant (Lantana camara) as a potential bioactive natural product againts Streptococcus pyogenes in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ricky Indra Alfaray ◽  
Rafiqy Sa'adiy Faizun ◽  
Lionardy Yodianto ◽  
Saruuljavkhlan Batsaikhan ◽  
Yudith Annisa Ayu Rezkitha
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test

Abstract  Infectious diseases are common problems in most countries. Streptococcus pyogenes is the infectious agent that causes diseases such as pharyngitis, impetigo, toxic shock syndrome, and necrotizing fasciitis. Tembelek (Lantana camara) is a wild plant that can easily be found in every ecosystem in Indonesia whether in nature or settlements and known as a plant that has an antibacterial effect but the knowledge about its potential against Streptococcus pyogenes in this past five years remain scant. The aim of this study was to determine the potentiality of Lantana camara leaves and flowers extract against Streptococcus pyogenes. In this experimental study, in vitro using Post-test Only Control Group Designed, has been done and confirmed by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Lantana camara leaves and flowers extracts were obtained by maceration using ethanol. The extracts were diluted into eight concentrations and their antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes was tested using the Kirby-Bauer disc then proceeded Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test and phytochemical assay. The data processed using SPSS software version 22. The results showed that flowers extract had the most significant inhibition zone (11.85 ± 0.119 mm) compared with the leaves extract (9.54 ± 0.07 mm) at the highest tested concentration was 640 mg/ml. The MIC of both extracts was 250 mg/ml. Flavonoids, phenolic, steroids, and saponins were found in both extracts whereas, alkaloid was found only in flowers extract. In conclusion, the Tembelek plant has an antibacterial effect against Streptococcus pyogenes. Future study is needed related to its mechanism of antibacterial effect. Keywords                : Antibacterial potential, Lantana camara; Streptococcus pyogenes

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