scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF MEDICINAL PLANT: FAGONIA MOLLIS DELILE

1970 ◽  
pp. 07-11
Author(s):  
S. M. ALGHANEM
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Test System ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Medicinal Uses

The present study was aimed to evaluation of the medicinal uses of Fagonia mollis by studying some active constituents, antioxidants and antimicrobial activities. Fagonia mollis Delile was collected from different sites from Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. The phytochemical analysis of the aerial parts of F. mollis indicated that the plant is rich in secondary compounds. F. mollis exhibited the highest content of tannins and saponins (19.9±1.68 and 16.8±1.32, mg/g D.W., respectively), followed by phenolics (11.6±0.72 mg/g D.W.), flavonoids (8.6±0.82 mg/g D.W.) and then alkaloids (5.6±0.64 mg/g D.W.). In the DPPH test system, the crud extract of F. mollis, with an IC50 value of 1.51 mg ml?1, but higher than that of the positive control catechol (0.37 mg ml?1). In the present study the petroleum ether and methylene chloride extracts of F. mollis inhibit all pathogenic bacteria with different rates. Ethyl acetate extract has no effect on both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia, while the acetone inhibited all the bacteria except Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Methyl alcohol extract of plant on tested bacteria proved a broad spectrum antimicrobial potential. On the other hand, petroleum ether extract inhibited the growth of Candidia albicans and Mucor spp (8 and 9.3 mm, respectively), but has no effect on the Aspergillus fumigatus and A. niger. The methylene chloride, Ethyl acetate and methyl alcohol extracts had no antifungal activities against all the pathogenic fungi. Acetone extract inhibited the growth of A. fumigatus (10.2mm) but has no effect on the others. The above results revealed that F. mollis have an excellent anti-bacterial activity and can be used for disease therapy.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ZILLA SPINOSA EXTRACTS AGAINST PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS

2018 ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oday Al-hadithy ◽  
S. M. ALGHANEM ◽  
M. MILAD
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Methylene Chloride Extract

Zilla spinosa is one of the most common plant species of family Brassicaceae, due to its important uses in the folk medicinal. The present study was aimed to determine some active constituents and to test antimicrobial activity of different plant extracts against pathogenic microorganisms. Fresh plant was collected randomly from northern sector of Eastern Desert, Egypt (Cairo-Suez desert road) in the month of March 2018. Phytochemical analysis of Z. spinosa showed that, it was rich in saponins and tannins (34.68 and 32.82 mg/g dry weight, respectively). While, phenolics attained values (28.22 mg/g dry weight), alkaloids (17.56 mg/g dry weight) and flavonoids (11.22mg/g dry weight). In the present study, in case of petroleum ether extract the inhibition zone varied according to type of examined bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus was the most affected bacteria followed by Stroptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia and Bacillus subtilis. Methylene chloride extract does not affect both K. pneumoniae and Escherichia coli but prevents others. The ethyl acetate extract inhibit S. aureus, S. pyogenes and B. subtilis. The acetone extract inhibited all the bacteria except E. coli and K. pneumonia. Methyl alcohol extract inhibited all bacteria with different inhibition zones except B. subtilis. On the other hand, Methylene chloride extract has effect on Aspergillus fumigatus. The ethyl acetate and methyl alcohol extract inhibited the growth of all tested fungi except A. niger. Acetone inhibited the growth of Mucor spp. and Candidia albicans.

WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF THE WHOLE PLANT OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA LINN. IN RATS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
M.P Singh ◽  
◽  
Y.S. Sarangdevot ◽  
S.S. Sisodia
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Healing Property ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Wound Healing Activity

The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of wound healing activity of the whole plant of Momordica charantia Linn. in rats. The effect of aqueous ethanolic extract of Momordica charantia Linn. (Family; Cucurbetaceae) was evaluated on resutured incision, granuloma pouch and excision wound models in rats. The wound healing activity was measured by the rate of wound contraction, skin breaking strength, weight of the granulation tissue, and collagen content. The concentrated ethyl alcohol extract was subject to fractionation by using petroleum ether (40-60o V/V), solvent ether, ethyl acetate, butanol, butanone, ethanol and methanol in succession. All the fractions were screened for wound healing property. The results of pharmacological activity led to the conclusion that the petroleum ether fraction exhibited more significant wound healing promotion property followed by solvent ether and butanone, from all the parameters studied. Ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol fractions were least effective.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis, anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity of Acalypha indica leaf extracts in different organic solvents

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chekuri Sudhakar ◽  
Narendar Vankudothu ◽  
Shivaprasad Panjala ◽  
Nirmala Babu Rao ◽  
Roja Rani Anupalli
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Acalypha Indica

The herb <em>Acalypha indica </em>which belongs to Euphorbiaceae family has multiple medicinal properties which include anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, anti-helmintic, anti-cancerous, anti-venom, and neuro-protective activity. The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical, antimicrobial and anti-oxidant activity of <em>Acalypha indica </em>leaves extracts in different solvent extractions like methanol, hexane, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether. Fresh leaves of the plant were collected and shade dried. Dried leaves were milled to obtain powder. Powder was subjected to soxhlet extraction using solvents and extracts were successively obtained. Phytochemical analysis was conducted following standard methods.  Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of Alkaloids, Phenols, Saponins, Flavanoids and Amino acids. Leaf extract of methonal have shown the highest anti-oxidation capacity than hexane, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether. Anti-microbial activity has been performed on microbes like <em>Bacillus sps</em>, <em>E.coli,</em> <em>Psuedomonas sps</em> and <em>Streptococcus sps.</em> A highest value of zone of inhibition was found in methanol extract against <em>E.coli.</em> These results provide evidence that <em>Acalypha indica </em>leaf extract possesses vital phytochemicals, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Hence this plant can be studied further for drug analysis for finding potent medicines for diseases.

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTIC STANDARDIZATION, PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TLC FINGERPRINTING OF THE BARK OF CASCABELA THEVETIA L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Neelutpal Gogoi ◽  
Biman Bhuyan ◽  
Trinayan Deka
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Cork Cell ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Objectives: In this study, systematic pharmacognostic study and preliminary phytochemical screening of the bark of Cascabela thevetia L. were carried out. Methods: The selected plant part was collected, processed and stored in an airtight container. From the bark different pharmacognostic studies like macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, physicochemical parameters, fluorescence analysis were done. Powdered bark was successively extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus and finally macerated with the hydro-alcoholic solvent system (30:70). The preliminary phytochemical analysis and thin layer chromatography of the extracts were done to find the nature and number of the different phytoconstituents present. Results: Transverse microscopy reveals the presence of crystal oxalate, cork cell, starch granules, vascular bundle, phloem fiber, parenchyma cells, and collenchyma cells. Powder microscopy also showed the presence of cork cell, fiber and calcium oxalate crystal. Results obtained in different physicochemical analysis like total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, alcohol-soluble extractive, water-soluble extractive, and moisture content were 8.67%, 0.83%, 5.33%, 4.53%, 12.27%, and 7.83% respectively. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, phytosterol, tannin, saponin, anthraquinone, carbohydrate and fatty acid in the different extracts. TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) study revealed 4 spots in petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts and 3 spots in the Hydro-alcoholic extract with different solvent systems. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study will provide a reliable basis for identification, purity, and quality of the plant.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant potential of Euphorbia cotinifolia linn. leaf extracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jayalakshmi ◽  
K.A. Raveesha ◽  
K.N. Amruthesh
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ic50 Values

Antibacterial activity of aqueous and solvent extracts of E. cotinifolia leaves were tested against some human pathogenic bacteria viz. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Enterobacter aerogenes and Staphylococcus aureus by agar cup diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Antioxidant properties were evaluated for different solvent extracts by diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide methods and IC50 values were calculated and compared with the standard ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxyanisole. Among the aqueous and organic solvent extracts, methanol and ethyl acetate, showed significant activity against B. subtilis and E. aerogenes which recorded a maximum inhibition zone of 17.25 mm. Minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts for different bacteria ranged from 0.3- 1.25 mg/mL. In DPPH method, IC50 values of chloroform, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol were found to be 15, 17, 18 and 19 mg/mL, respectively, lesser than the standard, ascorbic acid (25 mg/mL). Phytochemical analysis of aqueous, ethyl acetate and methanol extract showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and steroids. Further work is in progress to isolate the active compound(s).

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANT PACHYGONE OVATA (POER.) HOOK.F. & THOMS FROM MENISPERMACEAE FAMILY FOR BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Renjini Haridas ◽  
Radhakrishnan G ◽  
Reshma R ◽  
Sumathi P
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Leaf Part ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

The present study deals with the phytochemical examination of Pachygone ovata (Poer.) Hook.f.& Thoms., an important medicinal plant from menispermaceae family. Leaf and Stem extracts were prepared by using different solvents systems and phytochemical screening was performed using the standard methods given by Harborne. Leaf and stem extracts were prepared from aqueous and organic solvents like petroleum ether, acetone, ethyl acetate and ethanol. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the petroleum ether, acetone,ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extracts prepared from P. ovata leaf and stem part. Leaf part revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, phenols and tannins. Stem part revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, Resin, Steroids, phenols and tannins. The ethanolic extract showed higher amount of secondary metabolites than the other solvent extracts. This observation becomes important in the context of the therapeutically and drug applications of P. ovata.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, antimicrobial, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential of medicinal plant Dryopteris ramosa (Hope) C. Chr.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiaz Alam ◽  
Syed Hurmat Ali Khan ◽  
Mohammad Hassham Hassan Bin Asad
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Antibiotic Effect ◽  
Esterase Inhibition ◽  
Mic Value

Abstract Background Dryopteris ramosa has numerous potentials uses in the treatment of different maladies as old traditional medication. The fronds of D. ramose are edible and orally administered for producing antibiotic effect. They are also used as astringent and febrifuge, and as a pesticide. Methods Extraction of fronds of D. ramosa using solvents of increasing polarity, namely, ethyl acetate, methanol and water were tested for phytochemical (qualitative tests, GC-MS), antimicrobial (well method), antioxidant (DPPH), antifungal (tube dilution), cytotoxic activity (brine shrimps lethality assay) and LOX and COX inhibitory activities were performed using standard methods. Results The phytochemical analysis of the crude methanolic extract revealed that the fronds are rich in flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides and triterpenoids. The total flavonoid content of the ethyl acetate fraction was 46.28 μg QE/mg extract. The GC-MS analysis revealed nine major compounds that constituted the crude drug and potentially had a role in reported activities. The crude extract was the most active amongst all the fractions against the bacterial and fungal strains used such that it inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa with a zone of 13 mm and a MIC value of 16 μg/ml as compared to the standard cefixime, which inhibited the zone by only 10 mm and a MIC value of 32 μg/ml. The highest antioxidant potential in DPPH assay was shown by the crude extract with 91.948% free radical scavenging activity. The bring shrimps lethality potential of the crude extract was the highest, with a LD50 value of 47.635 μg/ml. The ethyl acetate fraction inhibits 91.36% of alpha glucosidase enzyme at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. In case of acetylcholine esterase inhibition assay, the methanol fraction inhibits 58.26% of the enzyme activity. Similarly, for butyrylcholine esterase inhibition, the maximum inhibitory effect was seen in the methanol fraction, with a percentage inhibition of 47.32%. Conclusion These test results support traditional medicinal uses of the plant. Dryopteris ramosa could be imperative for being used as a therapeutic agent and the medicinal importance of this plant should be further investigated.

Comparison on Antimicrobial Activity of Different Solvent Extracts from Aerial Stem and Rhizome of Douttuynia cordata

2013 ◽  
Vol 706-708 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Shao Juan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata ◽  
Aerial Stem

The 95% of ethanol crude extract of aerial stem and rhizome of houttuynia cordata was sequentially extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butyl alcohol and water. Antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the different extracts against Staphylococlus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Saccharomycetes were examined with filter paper method. And antimicrobial activity between aerial stem and rhizome was compared. The result showed that, among the extracts of aerial stem and rhizome of houttuynia cordata, with regard to antimicrobial activity, water extract was strongest against Staphylococlus aureus, and ethyl acetate extract was strongest against Escherichia coli, and n-butyl alcohol extract was strongest against Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomycetes, while each extract had no significant antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of rhizome was stronger than that of the aerial stem.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FITOKIMIA DAN UJI EFEK SEDATIF DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN BEBERAPA FRAKSI DAGING BUAH PALA (Myristica Fragrans Houtt)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eresia Makanaung ◽  
Johnly A Rorong ◽  
Edi Suryanto
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Sedative Effect ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Petroleum Ether Fraction ◽  
Ether Fraction ◽  
Traction Test

ABSTRAKPala adalah tanaman yang termasuk dalam jenis tanaman obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis total kandungan fitokimia dan uji efek sedatif  dari ekstrak etanol, fraksi petroleum eter, etil asetat dan air daging buah pala. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi, kemudian ekstrak etanol yang diperoleh difraksinasi dengan cara partisi. Analisis fitokimia dilakukan dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis sehingga diperoleh hasil kandungan total fenolik ekstrak etanol, fraksi petroleum eter, etil asetat dan air daging buah pala secara berturut-turut adalah 26,284 μg/mL; 29,203 μg/mL; 28,725 μg/mL; 24,904 μg/mL. Total flavonoid secara berturut-turut adalah 9,999 μg/mL; 13,095 μg/mL; 13,729 μg/mL; 10,475 μg/mL. Total tanin secara berturut-turut adalah 16,642 μg/mL; 16,571 μg/mL; 16,357 μg/mL; 10,428 μg/mL. Uji efek sedatif dilakukan dengan metode traction test  dan diperoleh hasil ekstrak etanol dan ketiga fraksi memiliki pengaruh efek sedatif pada dosis 300 mg/kgBB dan 500 mg/kgBB dan dosis yang paling baik dalam memberikan pengaruh efek sedatif adalah 500 mg/kgBB. ABSTRACT Nutmeg is a plant that is included in a type of medicinal plant. This study aimed to analyze the total phytochemical content and test the sedative effect of ethanol extract, petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate and nutmeg pulp. Extraction was carried out by maceration, then the ethanol extract obtained was fractionated by partitioning. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method so that the total phenolic content of ethanol extract, petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate and nutmeg water was obtained, respectively, 26.284 μg/mL; 29,203 μg/mL; 28.725 μg/mL; 24,904 μg/mL. The total flavonoids were 9.999 μg/mL, respectively; 13.095 μg/mL; 13,729 μg/mL; 10,475 μg/mL. The total tannins were 16,642 μg/mL, respectively; 16,571 μg/mL; 16,357 μg/mL; 10,428 μg/mL. The sedative effect test was carried out by the traction test method and the results of the ethanol extract and the three fractions had a sedative effect at a dose of 300 mg/kgBB and 500 mg/kgBB and the best dose in giving a sedative effect was 500 mg/kgBB.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF LEAF, STEM AND ROOT IN EUPHORBIA ROTHIANA SPRENG. (EUPHORBIACEAE), THE NILGIRIS WESTERN GHATS, TAMIL NADU

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
Anusuya Devi R ◽  
Veena B ◽  
Thenmozhi K
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
The Nilgiris ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Euphorbia rothiana Spreng. is an important medicinal plant. It used in hypertensive agent in traditional medicine.The present study deals with the analysis of Phytochemical constituents by qualitative analysis of leaves, stem and root were done using Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, triterpinoids, steroids, cardio glycosides and carbohydrates were analysed. Alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols were highly present various extracts of leaves stem and root. Cardio glycosides triterpinoids and carbohydrates were minimum present in the various extracts.

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