scholarly journals Dental aesthetics and self-esteem in adolescents

2011 ◽  
pp. 482-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Mafla ◽  
Edwin Gerardo Luna ◽  
Nubia Rocío Sánchez ◽  
David Alexander Barrera ◽  
Ginna Mabel Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Aesthetics

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental aesthetics and self-esteem in adolescents. Methods: The sample was 387 randomly selected high school adolescents between 13 and 16 years of age. A clinical examination to evaluate dental aesthetics was conducted using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Self-esteem was assessed with the Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale. The statistical analysis included a descriptive analysis and means comparison, which was made through t-Student and ANOVA tests. DAI was correlated to Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The data collected was analyzed by using the SPSS program version 17. Results: The mean DAI score was 34.2 (SD=14.2) and self-esteem was 22.6 (SD=4.6). The low socioeconomic status (SES) group had the highest levels of DAI and the lowest levels of self-esteem. A weak, but statistically significant, negative correlation was found between DAI scores and Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale (r=-0.1, p<0.05). According to age, in adolescents aged sixteen there was a slight correlation with both variables (p>0.05). Regarding gender, in female individuals a negative weak correlation (r=-0.14, p<0.05) was observed. No statistically significant difference was shown among SES groups. Nevertheless, there was a positive slight correlation in the middle SES group (p>0.05). Conclusions: The outcomes generated by this investigation can improve our understanding of how the correlation between dental aesthetics and self-esteem may fluctuate because of the SES variability.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Goiter and Urinary Iodine Excretion Levels in Children Around Chernobyl*

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 3430-3433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoto Ashizawa ◽  
Yoshisada Shibata ◽  
Shunichi Yamashita ◽  
Hiroyuki Namba ◽  
Masaharu Hoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Iodine Excretion

Abstract The prevalence of goiter among children living in areas affected by the Chernobyl accident was investigated by analysis of data on approximately 120,000 children examined at five medical diagnostic centers in Belarus, Russia, and the Ukraine. Examinations of thyroid gland were conducted with an arch-automatic ultrasonographic instrument at the five centers under the same protocol. The diagnosis of goiter was established when the thyroid volume exceeded a limit calculated from age, height, and body weight of a child. A considerable variation by region was noted in the prevalence of goiter. Highest in the Kiev region, the prevalence in the five regions was 54% in Kiev, 38% in the Zhitomir regions of the Ukraine, 18% in Gomel, 22% in the Mogilev regions of Belarus, and 41% in the Bryansk region of Russia. Urinary iodine content was measured in approximately 5700 children, and an endemic iodine deficient zone was confirmed in the Bryansk, Kiev, and Zhitomir regions. A significant negative correlation was observed between the prevalence of goiter and the median level of urinary iodine content (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was −0.35, P = 0.025).

scholarly journals The Place of Effective Planning and Organizational Resource in Manufacturing Firms in Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Anthony Anyibuofu Kifordu ◽  
Asunday Ogala
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Organizational Productivity ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Organizational Resource ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Statistical Relationships ◽  
Effective Planning

The research study takes a look at Effective Planning and Organizational resources on Productivity using manufacturing firms in Anambra state Nigeria as a case study. Two objectives were raised; to determine the significant difference between poor planning and organisational goals and to evaluate the significant difference between poor planning and attainment of target customers. The survey used spearman’s rank correlation coefficient to determine the various statistical relationships in the study. The results revealed that effective planning has a relationship with organizational productivity and that effective planning lead to employee’s performance in an organization. Therefore, the study concludes and recommends that managers time and attention is that of improving productivity in manufacturing firms which is very important for both survival and maintenance attaining goals of the firms, therefore the organizations should measure productivity on how well resources are combined and utilized to accomplish specific desirable results to be able to achieve its objectives on organizational need, articulate its strategies and carefully pursue them.

scholarly journals The impact of the quality of life perception on the self-esteem of physically active adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira ◽  
José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento Júnior ◽  
Renan Codonhato ◽  
Thayna Da Silva Zamboni ◽  
Adriele Tarini dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Active Adults

This study aimed at investigating the impact of the quality of life perception on the self-esteem of physically active adults. A total of 63 male and female swimming practitioners (38.13 ± 11.72) were evaluated. A socio-demographic questionnaire, WHOQOL-Bref Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used as tools. For data analysis the descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, Mann-Whitney U Test, Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient, and the Univariate Multiple Regression were used. No significant differences were found either for the quality of life or the self-esteem between sexes; there was a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) among the physical (r = 0.37), psychological (r = 0.36) and environmental (r = 0.30) domains with self-esteem. The regression model explained 20% of the self-esteem variability, with moderate and significant pathways of the physical (β = 0.23) and psychological (β = 0.23) domains, whereas the environmental domain did not show a significant predictive relation (p = 0.988) with self-esteem. It is concluded that a higher quality of life perception may result in a higher self-esteem for physically active adults. 

scholarly journals Penetrometer tests on 109 pit latrines in Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya

Water SA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3 July) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Seal ◽  
RT Bown ◽  
AH Parker
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Liquid Layer ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pit Latrine ◽  
Thick Crust

Pit latrine contents can have varying consistencies that make the pits challenging to empty. It has been assumed that solids sink to the bottom of the pit with a more liquid layer above this and a scum on the top. This implies that it would be possible to remove the uppermost layers with a pump. However, recent studies have found alternative sludge profiles, including a thick crust on the top. This paper presents penetrometer data from a large number (109) of pit latrines in Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya. The penetrometer consists of a weight, dropped onto an anvil that drives a cone into the pit. The depth of penetration following each impact was measured. This was converted into plots of depth in the pits against penetration. Each pit was analysed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and categorised into positive or negative correlation, significant or non-significant. Significant, negative correlation was assumed to correspond to pits where the solids had sunk to the bottom. 38% of pits were classified in this way, which suggested that while it is common that the number of impacts required to penetrate the sludge increases with depth in the pit, this is not always the case. Pit emptiers should be prepared to deal with pits with a variety of sludge profiles, including those with a solids layer at the top.

scholarly journals Hippotherapy and respiratory muscle strength in children and adolescents with Down syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Sovat de Freitas Costa ◽  
Hudday Mendes da Silva ◽  
Elioenai Dornelles Alves ◽  
Patrick Ramon Stafin Coquerel ◽  
André Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Strength ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction Individuals with Down syndrome may have decreased respiratory muscle strength due to hypotonia, a common characteristic in this population. Objective To analyze the effects of a hippotherapy program on respiratory muscle strength in individuals with Down syndrome. Materials and methods The study included 41 subjects, 20 of which were in the hippotherapy practicing group (PG) and 21 of which were in the non-practicing group (NPG). Study subjects were of both sexes, aged 7-13 years, and all diagnosed with Down syndrome. A manovacuometer was used to measure respiratory muscle strength, following the protocol proposed by Black and Hyatt (23). Statistical analysis was performed by means of descriptive distribution. After verifying normality and homoscedasticity of the variables, the Mann-Whitney test was used to determine differences between the means of the two groups (PG and NPG), and the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test was used to view possible relationships with age and time practicing hippotherapy. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results and discussion Individuals who practiced hippotherapy showed improvements in both inspiratory and expiratory respiratory muscle strength, although no significant difference was demonstrated. Conclusion This study demonstrates that hippotherapy benefits respiratory muscle strength in individuals with Down syndrome, and that the youngest subjects had the best results.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN SELF-ESTEEM AND STATE ANXIETY IN PROFESSIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION FORMATION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 274-280
Author(s):  
V. I. Dolgova ◽  
E. A. Grasmik ◽  
A. A. Nurtdinova ◽  
E. M. Gamova
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
School Students ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Professional Self

The study focuses on professional self-determination formation in high school students as a corre-lation between their anxiety and self-esteem is considered to be highly important in the study of human resources. The purpose of the study is to determine on the basis of theoretical arguments a correlation between self-esteem and state anxiety in students in the process of professional self-determination and prove it with an experiment. The study was conducted in Kuzino State School 36 of the Sverdlovsk Region. The study was carried out in three stages: desktop analysis, experimental research, and data analysis. The research comprised empirical methods in the form of an ascertaining experiment and testing, statistical and mathematical methods in the form of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and three techniques: the Dembo-Rubinstein technique for self-esteem evaluation modified by A.M. Prikhozhan, the Kazantseva technique for general self-esteem assessment, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, developed by C.D. Spielberger and modified by Yu.L. Khanin. The research on self-esteem of students in the process of professional self-determination showed the following findings. Based on the Dembo-Rubinstein technique, average self-esteem prevails among study subjects (67%); moreover, the Kazantseva technique demonstrated the prevalence of average self-esteem among high school students as well (63%). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory also showed that most of the subjects (68%) had an average level of anxiety. In the study, experiments were performed and levels of self-esteem and state anxiety in professional self-deter-mination formation were determined; a correlation between self-esteem and state anxiety was proven. Study findings demonstrated that most students had average self-esteem and average state anxiety. Thus, according to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, there is indeed a correlation between self-esteem and state anxiety in students in the process of professional self-determination.

scholarly journals Deregulation of lncRNA HIST1H2AG-6 and AIM1-3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Peian Lou ◽  
Xiaoluo Chen ◽  
Chenguang Wu ◽  
Shihe Shao
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly affected by genetic and environmental factors; however, the correlation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with T2DM remains largely unknown. Methods Microarray analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in patients with T2DM and healthy controls, and the expression of two candidate lncRNAs (lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3) were further validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to measure the degree of association between the two candidate lncRNAs and differentially expressed mRNAs. Furthermore, the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway and GO (Gene Ontology) enrichment analysis were used to reveal the biological functions of the two candidate lncRNAs. Additionally, multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed. Results The microarray analysis revealed that there were 55 lncRNAs and 36 mRNAs differentially expressed in patients with T2DM compared with healthy controls. Notably, lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 was significantly upregulated and lnc-AIM1-3 was significantly downregulated in patients with T2DM, which was validated in a large-scale qRT-PCR examination (90 controls and 100 patients with T2DM). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient revealed that both lncRNAs were correlated with 36 differentially expressed mRNAs. Furthermore, functional enrichment (KEGG and GO) analysis demonstrated that the two lncRNA-related mRNAs might be involved in multiple biological functions, including cell programmed death, negative regulation of insulin receptor signal, and starch and sucrose metabolism. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 were significantly correlated with T2DM (OR = 5.791 and 0.071, respectively, both P = 0.000). Furthermore, the ROC curve showed that the expression of lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 might be used to differentiate patients with T2DM from healthy controls (area under the ROC curve = 0.664 and 0.769, respectively). Conclusion The profiles of lncRNA and mRNA were significantly changed in patients with T2DM. The expression levels of lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 genes were significantly correlated with some features of T2DM, which may be used to distinguish patients with T2DM from healthy controls and may serve as potential novel biomarkers for diagnosis in the future.

scholarly journals Association between Endoscopic Milk-White Mucosa, Epithelial Intracellular Lipid Droplets, and Histological Grade of Superficial Non-Ampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 769
Author(s):  
Yuko Hara ◽  
Kenichi Goda ◽  
Shinichi Hirooka ◽  
Takehiro Mitsuishi ◽  
Masahiro Ikegami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Intracellular Lipid ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Positive Rate

We previously reported that superficial non-ampullary duodenal tumors (SNADETs) commonly had a whitish mucosal surface, named milk-white mucosa (MWM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of MWM with epithelial intracellular lipid droplets (immunohistochemically stained by adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP)) and histological tumor grades. We reviewed endoscopic images and the histopathology of SNADETs resected en bloc endoscopically. We analyzed the correlation between the positive rates of endoscopic MWM in preoperative endoscopy and resected specimens, and ADRP-positive rates in the resected specimens. Associations between the MWM-positive rates and tumor grades, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN)/intramucosal carcinoma (IC), and low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) were analyzed. All the 92 SNADETs analyzed were <20 mm and histologically classified into 39 HGIN/IC and 53 LGIN. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient showed a significant correlation between MWM-positive and ADRP-positive rates (p < 0.001). MWM-positive rates were significantly lower in the HGIN/IC than in the LGIN in preoperative endoscopy (p < 0.001) and resected specimens (p = 0.02). Our results suggest that endoscopic MWM is closely associated with epithelial intracellular lipid droplets and that the MWM-positive rate may be a predictor of histological grade in small SNADETs.

scholarly journals Correlation between nasopharyngoscopy and cephalometry in the diagnosis of hyperplasia of the pharyngeal tonsils

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Berwig ◽  
Ana da Silva ◽  
Eliane Corrêa ◽  
Eliane Serpa ◽  
Rodrigo Ritzel
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Tonsil Hyperplasia ◽  
Pharyngeal Tonsil

Summary Introduction: Hyperplasia of the pharyngeal tonsil is one of the main causes of mouth breathing, and accurate diagnosis of this alteration is important for proper therapeutic planning. Therefore, studies have been conducted in order to provide information regarding the procedures that can be used for the diagnosis of pharyngeal obstruction. Objective: To verify the correlation between nasopharyngoscopy and cephalometric examinations in the diagnosis of pharyngeal tonsil hyperplasia. Method: This was a cross-sectional, clinical, experimental, and quantitative study. Fifty-five children took part in this study, 30 girls and 25 boys, aged between 7 and 11 years. The children underwent nasofibropharyngoscopic and cephalometric evaluation to determine the grade of nasopharyngeal obstruction. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient at the 5% significance level was used to verify the correlation between these exams. Results: In the nasopharyngoscopy evaluation, most children showed grade 2 and 3 hyperplasia of the pharyngeal tonsil, which was followed by grade 1. In the cephalometry assessment, most children showed grade 1 hyperplasia of the pharyngeal tonsil, which was followed by grade 2. A statistically significant regular positive correlation was observed between the exams. Conclusion: It was concluded that the evaluation of the pharyngeal tonsil hyperplasia could be carried out by fiber optic nasopharyngoscopy and cephalometry, as these examinations were regularly correlated. However, it was found that cephalometry tended to underestimate the size of the pharyngeal tonsil relative to nasopharyngoscopy.

Dentists’ knowledge of fluoride cariostatic mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Kaczmarek ◽  
Wojciech Kowalczyk ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Caries Prevention ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Almost All

Introduction. The use of age- and risk-adjusted caries prevention requires up-to-date knowledge on the cariostatic effects of fluoride, as well as the methods and safety of fluoride prophylaxis. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess dentists’ knowledge of the safety and mechanism of anticaries effects of fluoride. Material and methods. An anonymous questionnaire was conducted among 212 dentists participating in dental training. The questions included in the questionnaire related to knowledge about water fluoridation, fluoride cariostatic mechanisms and the safety of fluoride prophylaxis. The chi-square test and the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. A significance level of 0.05 was used. Results. Incorrect knowledge about water fluoridation was demonstrated by 26.9% of respondents in the country and 16.0% of respondents in Europe. Most respondents (80.7%) reported higher efficacy of exogenous vs endogenous anticaries approaches, and more than half of respondents (59.0%) considered the processes of remineralisation and demineralisation as the most important anticaries activity. Almost all respondents (95.7%) agreed that the use of fluoride for caries prevention is controversial, mainly due to its dose-dependent therapeutic or toxic effects (85.4%). According to about 20% of respondents, cariostatic fluoride doses have adverse effects on the general health, mainly in the form of bone fragility (10.4%). Conclusions. Lack of correct knowledge about the dominant cariostatic effects of fluoride may result in the choice of an inappropriate preventive method or avoiding local application of fluoride preparations for fear of adverse systemic effects, which may in turn lead to increased caries prevalence in a given population.

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