The Effects of Intrastate War and Reintegration on Liberian Child Soldiers: Part II

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rialize Ferreira ◽  
Alfred Mutiti
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Intrastate War ◽  
Legal Frameworks

The main focus of this article is on the effects of intrastate war and the reintegration of Liberian child soldiers into their families and former communities. In this context, legal frameworks for the protection of children, types of recruitment (forced, persuasive, and “voluntary”), reasons for recruitment, and the need for personal protection are dealt with. Also discussed are disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration processes, roles of communities, provision of psycho-social support and care to reintegrated child soldiers, the physical, social and emotional effects they experience, their reintegration into communities, social networks, the disengagement of children from former commanders, and the skills training options provided to these children. In this empirical, qualitative study, primary data was obtained from focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews, and secondary data was obtained from documentary sources. Some of the primary data substantiated the secondary data, confirming the finding that war caused profound damage and heartache but that it also helped children to become resilient. The study found that the brutal effects of war, culminating in the reintegration of child soldiers into communities, manifested themselves over many years.

scholarly journals DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN PRIVATE BRAZILIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: PRE-CORONAVIRUS BASELINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO D. S. LUNA ◽  
VIVALDO J. BRETERNITZ
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Transformation Processes

ABSTRACT Purpose: To present the planning for the digital transformation of Brazilian higher education institutions (HEI) and to measure their degree of digital mastery, according to Westerman, Calméjane, Bonnet, Ferraris, and McAfee (2011). Originality/value: Some studies evaluate digital transformation and/or the degree of digital mastery carried out in HEI individually. However, those that assess them comparatively have not been identified, allowing to draw a baseline to assist managers in benchmarking processes. Design/methodology/approach: It is an exploratory, qualitative research, with field study, in which the secondary data were obtained through bibliographic and documentary sources and the primary data through semi-structured interviews. For this purpose, representatives of ten private HEI were interviewed using an instrument consisting of a script of questions. The content was analyzed according to the model of Bardin (2011) and supported by the tool Iramuteq. The findings served as an input for completing the digital mastery questionnaires. Findings: Elements identified in the research refer to the fact that the evaluated HEI have good maturity in their digital transformation processes. Such allegations could be verified from the evaluation of digital mastery, which found that most institutions have a good level of digitalization and that, despite having some limitations related to the development of digital and leadership skills, can be considered digital masters.

scholarly journals Ketahanmalangan Pengelola PKBM Dalam Mengembangkan Inovasi Pendidikan Nonformal

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 987
Author(s):  
Devi Merina Tuz Sa’diyah ◽  
Ahmad Ahmad ◽  
Nilna Sa’adayah
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Matrix Methods ◽  
Main Partner

<p>The focus of this research is to describe the strategy of adversity quotient for the management of the Community Learning Activity Center (PKBM) to develop innovations in turning barriers into opportunities for non-formal education programs. Qualitative research with this type of case study was carried out at PKBM Mentari, using structured interviews as the primary data collection method, in order to obtain primary data and document matrix methods to obtain secondary data. the data were analyzed using interactive techniques belonging to Miles and Huberman with the stages of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are the adversity quotient strategy that generally implemented by PKBM is very good, this can be seen from the indicators including: 1) Organizing learning activities flexibly in terms of time, so that it does not interfere with the daily activities of the community; 2) Provide learning at affordable costs so as not to burden the community in participating in learning; 3) Making the community the main partner in the continuation of teaching and learning activities at PKBM and 4) Building synergies with local village officials. The relatively short research time is the main limitation in compiling this study, so that it only maximizes the statements of the main informants. </p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Community Adaptation Model of Food Security Due to Global Warming in Kulon Progo

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Rum Giyarsih
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s surface. According to the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) average temperature of the Earth’s surface was global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the 0.74 ± 0.18 0C (1.33 ± 0.32 F) over the last hundred years. The impact of rising temperatures is the climate change effect on agricultural production. If the community does not craft made adaptation to global warming will have an impact on food security. This research aims to know the society’s adaptation to food security as a result of global warming and to know the influence of global warming on food security. The research was carried out based on survey methods. The influence of global warming on food security is identified with a share of household food expenditure and the identification of rainfall. Sampling was done by random sampling. The Data used are the primary and secondary data. Primary Data obtained through structured interviews and depth interview using a questionnaire while the secondary data retrieved from publication data of the Central Bureau Statistics B(BPS), Department of Agriculture and Climatology Meteorology and Geophysics (BMKG). The expected results of the study is to know variations of food security due to global warming in Kulon Progo Regency. Comprehensive knowledge through community participation and related Government increased food security that is used as the basis for drafting the model society’s adaptation to the impacts of global warming.

scholarly journals Millennial and gen Z perspective towards eco-office campaign implementation in public sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012122
Author(s):  
H P Pramana ◽  
S Hastjarjo ◽  
Sudarmo
Keyword(s):  
Change Agents ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Electronic Media Use

Abstract This study explains millennial and Gen-Z attitudes, perspectives, and behaviors in implementing the eco-office concept. As a qualitative method study, the study uses primary data through semi-structured interviews and secondary data collected from reports, public/private publications, and census results, using the Yin case study model as data analysis. The study results reveal that the biggest challenge in implementing new policies is self-thinking. Leaders, as change agents, play an essential role in penetrating messages that make them act pro-environment. The reward system will be very effective, especially providing satisfaction for self-actualization. The findings of this study have implications for policymakers as input. For example, the results show that social media plays a crucial role in increasing environmental awareness. In addition, simple shifts such as electronic media use at work will cut the file chain, making it more effective and favored by young people. They understand the consequences of their actions on the environment and have the education, motivation, and social awareness to participate in the green movement. However, beliefs and actions are not fully integrated, and investigating and understanding their behavior and unique needs in the workplace will lead employees to integrate and succeed together to support the environment.

scholarly journals Analisis Keunggulan Kompetitif Ubikayu terhadap Jagung dan Kedelai di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Robet - Asnawi ◽  
Made Jana Mejaya
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
High Price ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Structured Interviews

Cassava is a major food crops which widely developed in Lampung province, it caused   high adaptability, easily cultivated, smallest risk of failure, and high price. The study was objective to analyze competitive advantage of casava farming system compared to  maize and soybean farming system. The activity were conducted at Central Lampung regency from April 2012 to February 2013. The primary data were obtained from respondents with sample of 90 farmers, using survey methods with structured interviews and questionnaires. Secondary data were obtained from the office of relevant agencies and BPS Lampung. Data analysis were financial analysis and competitive advantage analysis. The results showed that cassava farming more profitable than maize and soybean farming system  income Rp.21.109.000/ha and R/C of 2,91 compared to corn farming income Rp.15.935.000 and R/C of 2,01 and soybean farming income Rp.5.187.800/ha and R/C of 1,48.  Cassava farming system will be competitive compared corn and soybeans farming on the productivity levels at least 34.567 kg/ha and 20,788 kg/ha and cassava price at least IDR 654/kg and IDR 394/kg.

scholarly journals Work in Progress on the Creation of the Three-Stringed Kulcapi

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
Panji Suroso ◽  
Rahmat Riswan Aidil Syahputra Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
Optimal Function ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Creation

This research tittle ‘work in progress on the creation of the three-stringed kulcapi’ wanted to examine how the work process of the creation of the kulcapi music instrument and can be explained descriptively. The kulcapi musical instrument which is considered to still have limitations in terms of producing its notes, and only having 2 strings, seems to be the cause of the less than optimal function in exploring the notes. In addition, the form of the kulcapi instrument is seen to be still very plain and very simple, this is felt to be one of the issues that must be overcome to be able to explore the kulcapi musical instrument to be more functional, both in producing tones and adding aesthetic value to the form of the kulcapi music instrument. In this research, a qualitative descriptive method is used. The process of tracing data and information is done diachronically to find out in full and complete about the kulcapi music instrument. The data collected comes from two sources, they are primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained through in-depth interviews and participant observation that aims to collect data followed by focus group discussions. This research produces findings including: a) The creation of three-stringed kulcapi instruments has a wider range of tone areas. b) can be functioned more flexible and can be explored in playing pentatonic and diatonic tones. c) The shape has the characteristic of the Karo people with the presence of ethnic Karo ornaments on the kulcapi’s body.

Peran Guru Anak Usia Dini Dalam Pengenalan Bahasa Inggris Dasar di PAUD

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Taranindya Zulhi Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Early Childhood Teachers ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Basic English

Abstrak: Guru PAUD memiliki beragam peran seperti guru pada umumnya.  Namun pembedanya tampak pada peran guru PAUD yang bertugas mengembangkan beragam kemampuan dasar anak untuk menggali potensi anak sejak dini.  Kemampuan dasar bahasa asing pada usia ini dimulai dari pengenalan bahasa Inggris secara mendasar yakni melalui kosakata sederhana. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: 1) mengetahui pengenalan bahasa Inggris dasar dan 2) peran guru anak usia dini dalam pengenalan bahasa Inggris RA/PAUD. Dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan serta pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif peneliti menentukan Sumber data primer nya adalah kepala RA/PAUD, sie kurikulum, serta wali peserta didik. Sedangkan sumber data sekunder adalah referensi yang relevan dengan pengenalan bahasa Inggris, peran guru, dan PAUD. Kemudian Data diperoleh melalui teknik observasi partisipatif wawancara semi terstruktur dan dokumentasi uji keabsahan data menggunakan uji credibility, transferability dan confirmability melalui reduction, display data dan conclusion drawing.Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pengenalan bahasa Inggris dasar di RA/PAUD dilakukan setiap hari menyatu dengan pembelajaran tema-tema dan sub tema dalam muatan kurikulumnya berbentuk kosakata harian dan sapaan peran guru anak usia dini dalam pengenalan bahasa Inggris dasar sangat bervariasi. Guru memiliki multi peran dalam satu waktu. Peran-peran tersebut adalah sebagai educator, mediator, observer, facilitator, motivator, administrator, dan composer. KataKunci: peran guru PAUD, pengenalan bahasa Inggris, PAUD     Abstract: Early Childhood Education (PAUD) teachers have various roles like teachers in general. But the difference is seen in their roles tasked with developing a variety of children's basic abilities to explore children's potential from an early age. The basic ability of foreign languages ​​at this age starts from the basic introduction of English through simple vocabulary. The purpose of this study is to: 1) determine the introduction of basic English and 2) the roles of early childhood teachers in the introduction of English in this level. By using the type of field research and the qualitative descriptive approach, the researcher determines that the primary data source is the head of the RA, curriculum courses, and guardians of students. While secondary data sources are relevant references to the introduction of English, the role of teachers, and PAUD. Then the data obtained through participatory observation techniques semi-structured interviews and documentation of data validity test using the test of credibility, transferability and confirmability through reduction, display data and conclusion drawing.The results obtained are the introduction of basic English in RA done every day together with the learning of themes and sub themes in the curriculum content in the form of daily vocabulary and the greeting of the role of early childhood teachers in the introduction of basic English varies greatly. The teacher has multiple roles at one time. These roles are as educator, mediator, observer, facilitator, motivator, administrator, and composer.   Keywords: the role of PAUD teachers, introduction to English, early childhood education

Discrimination Against People With HIV and AIDS in the Workplace

2022 ◽  
pp. 1255-1275
Author(s):  
Chinwe Rosabelle Nwanna
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Lagos State

The main thrust of the chapter was to explore the discrimination experienced by people living with HIV and AIDS (PLHIV) in the workplace in Lagos State. A purposive sample of 80 PLHIV was selected from two local government areas (LGAs) of Lagos state: Epe, a rural setting, and Lagos Mainland, an urban one. Secondary data were obtained from internet sources while primary data were collected through structured interviews September 2005–April 2006. Data were analyzed using SPSS versions 11 and 13. Data between and within the rural and urban areas were also analyzed comparatively. The results indicate that PLHIV experienced instant dismissal from offices, mandatory HIV tests, alienation, denial of promotion, and exclusion from insurance schemes. This indicates that PLHIV's rights were violated. The study recommends intensive HIV education and enforcement of national HIV policy and international legal instruments in the workplace to protect PLHIV's rights.

scholarly journals A comparative study on the costs and returns of organic vs. inorganic farming practices at selected areas near Dhaka, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Md Arafat Islam ◽  
Nazmul Ahsan Khan ◽  
Raisa Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Effective Choice

Inorganic farming is the norm in most areas of Bangladesh today, especially at croplands near Bangladesh’s capital - Dhaka. However, several recent studies have shown that such practices cause soil degradation overtime, consequently leading to long-term harm to the environment and economic profits. This long-term cost is often avoided by most farmers as inorganic farming is believed to fetch increased productivity/monetary gains, than its environmentally friendly, organic counterpart: the primary aim of this research was to find out the validity of this belief. The research used literature review and analysis of primary data collected about input costs, returns, crop yields, environmental effects, etc., from sixty respondents (mostly farmers and consumers involved in both types of farming), using one-on-one structured interviews, and three focus group discussions at the selected areas of Savar, Sreenagar and Rupganj, focusing primarily on two popular crops – tomato and corn; graphical and tabular analyses were conducted using MS Excel to propose interpretations and record findings. Keeping all other things constant and internalizing environmental externalities, while organic farming was found to produce around 50% and 33% less tomatoes and corns in net terms, respectively, than inorganic farming, the input costs and returns from one cycle of production were found to be lower (50%) and higher (around 200USD), respectively. Hence, from a long-run perspective, organic farming was concluded as the more cost-effective choice both in economic and environmental terms, given that the Dhaka market for organic products are managed better by the producers, consumers and government, alike. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(2): 289-299, August 2019

scholarly journals Sustainable Development in Island Communities: The Case Study of Postira

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željka Tonković ◽  
Jelena Zlatar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
Island Communities

Abstract The article shows the results of the case study of Postira, a village and a municipality on the island of Brač (Croatia) and presents a positive example of sustainable community development on islands in the post-transition social context. Based on the theory of sustainable local community development and its four pillars (economic, ecological, social and cultural), we analyse both the secondary data and the primary data collected from semi-structured interviews with the key actors of local development. The study shows that economic, ecological, social and cultural domaines are connected in Postira which allows for sustainable development of the place. By examining various aspects of sustainable development in Postira, we present the general framework of sustainable island development. It is based on integral development of the local community on sustainability principles, it defines key processes and guidelines and can be applied to rural and island areas, taking into account the specificities of each community.

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