Protein and iron intake adequacy among high school girls in Depok, Indonesia

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia among adolescent girls. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women increased from 2013 to 2018, and females age 15-24 years had the highest prevalence of anemia. Therefore, knowing the baseline status of protein and iron intake —particularly animal-sourced protein as the main source of heme iron—is important to design future intervention program. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the protein and iron intake adequacy of High School girls in Depok, Indonesia. Methods: 211 girls from Senior High School in Depok, Indonesia participated in this study. Subjects were selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. A questionnaire was administered to obtain general characteristics. Dietary intake data were obtained using a 3-day non-consecutive 24hr recall 1 weekend 2 weekdays interview. Anthropometric status was measured and calculated. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Spearman’s correlation (significance p<0.05) was used to determine the factors related to protein and iron intake. Results: This population had inadequate intake of energy (97.2%), protein (59.7%), and iron (98.6%). However, intake of fat was higher than recommended in 59.2% of participants. Protein and iron intake were not correlated with age, father’s education, mother’s education, and the number of household member.

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Anemia and Iron Deficiency Anemia in High School Girls in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

Journal of Health Science and Medical Research ◽

10.31584/jhsmr.2018.36.3.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Orawan Sarakul ◽

Manas Kotepui ◽

Ranee Marasa ◽

Waehafeeyah Thepwarin

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Iron Intake ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High School Girls ◽

School Girls

Objective: To determine the prevalence and causes of anemia in high school girls in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in high school girls aged 15-18 years old. Blood samples were collected for hematological parameters, iron profiles and blood smear examination. The recall 24-hour dietary data were collected using a questionnaire to determine and calculate daily iron intake. For purposes of the study, anemia was defined as hemoglobin (Hb) of <12 g/dL and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was defined as Hb of <12 g/dL with serum ferritin (SF) of <15 µg/L. Results: The results show that in 19 of a total of 227 subjects (8.3%) anemia was present. Iron deficiency was the main cause of anemia (13 of 19 cases) with a prevalence of 5.7%, while the prevalence of anemia due to other causes was 3.6% (6 of 19 cases). Iron deficiency without anemia was found in 36 cases (15.9%). Participants’ daily iron intake was less than the recommended 15 mg per day. Conclusion: The present study indicates that iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in adolescent girls in Thailand. Health care programs in the schools should consider dietary behavior in order to reduce the prevalence of IDA in young women.

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Relationship between breastfeeding and obesity in high school girls

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2020-0113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 1003-1008

Author(s):

Mahnaz Mardani ◽

Sadegh Rezapour ◽

Fereshteh Hajipour

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Type ◽

Parental Occupation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High School Girls ◽

Multi Stage ◽

School Girls

AbstractObjectivesSome factors in infancy can play a role in the development of adolescent obesity. Understanding these factors can help prevent early complications in adolescents associated with obesity in adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school girls in Khorramabad and its relationship with breastfeeding history.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. This study was conducted in 832 high school girls during the academic year 2016–2017. Samples were selected by multi-stage random sampling. General questionnaires, physical activity, and 24-h food questions were completed through interviews with students. Data regarding breastfeeding was obtained by mothers.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in the study population was 16.3 and 5.8%, respectively. Overweight and obesity had a significant association with breastfeeding history (p = 0.001), while there was no significant relationship between overweight and obesity with school type, student’s age, parental occupation, education Parents, household size, birth rate, physical activity, and energy intake.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed that breast feeding has a protective effect on overweight and obesity during adolescence. To reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity, necessary education regarding breastfeeding should be provided.

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