THE ENTOMOPHYLIC FUNGI STUDY IN THE PRYMORYE (RUSSIAN FAR EAST)

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Bogacheva ◽  
◽  
Yu.V. Bochkareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Species Number ◽  
The World ◽  
Region Data ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Eastern Regional

After a long break, research on entomophylic fungi has been restarted in the Prymorye. Earlier surveys showed an exceptional species diversity of the territory - about 70 species. This is 20-25% of the total species number known in the world. This group of fungi is given unjustifiably little attention in our region. They significantly affect the dynamics of insect populations in the ecosystem. In addition, the use of compounds produced by entomophylic fungi in medicine is gaining increasing popularity. We studied 31 samples from the collection of entomophilic fungi of the Far Eastern Regional Herbarium (VLA). The analysis of the obtained data allowed us to clarify the distribution and diversity of entomophilic species in the Region. Data on the distribution of Cordyceps deflectens, C. militaris, C. takaomontana, Ophiocordyceps crinalis, O. nutans, O. sphecocephala, O. tricentri and O. variabilis have been clarified and supplemented. For O. tricentri data on the spectrum of host insects are expanded.

scholarly journals Species diversity of natural rhizobia populations of the Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Yakimenko ◽  
S. A. Begun ◽  
A. I. Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Soybean Nodule ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The specificity of the soils of the Far East is the presence of aboriginal soybean nodule bacteria in them. A detailed study of the morphological and cultural, physiological and economically useful properties of these microorganisms made it possible to identify the most valuable strains of B. japonicum, S. fredii, B. elkanii from the Far Eastern natural populations for their preservation in the collection.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF SIBERIA AND THE FAR EAST AT THE TRANSITION STAGE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.Г. Сафиуллин
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Far Eastern

Развитие научно-образовательной сферы в передовых странах мира за период с 1970 по 2020 годы характеризуется усилением международной конкуренции. В статье дан анализ территориальных особенностей и тенденций инвестирования в научно-образовательную сферу, динамики численности исследователей с учеными степенями и их подготовки по регионам Сибири и Дальнего Востока России. В регионах Сибири и Дальнего Востока в трансформации научно-образовательной сферы после 1991 года наметились негативные тенденции. В развитых странах мира в отличие от России, объемы инвестиций в научную сферу постоянно увеличиваются. Распределение фонда оплаты труда на научные исследования и разработки по субъектам Уральского, Сибирского и Дальневосточного федеральных округов характеризуется существенной территориальной дифференциацией и в большинстве субъектов оплата труда исследователей ниже среднего российского уровня. Большинство субъектов Уральского, Сибирского и Дальневосточного федеральных округов имеют недостаточное финансирование по текущим затратам на научные исследования и разработки. The development of the scientific and educational sphere in the advanced countries of the world for the period from 1970 to 2020 is characterized by increased international competition. The article analyzes the territorial features and trends of investment in the scientific and educational sphere, the dynamics of the number of researchers with academic degrees and their training in the regions of Siberia and the Russian Far East. In the regions of Siberia and the Far East, there were negative trends in the transformation of the scientific and educational sphere after 1991. In the developed countries of the world, in contrast to Russia, the volume of investment in the scientific sphere is constantly increasing. The distribution of the remuneration fund for research and development in the subjects of the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts is characterized by significant territorial differentiation and in most subjects the remuneration of researchers is below the average Russian level. Most of the subjects of the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts have insufficient funding for current research and development costs.

Tax debt as a threat to the economic security of the Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-242
Author(s):  
V.A. Yakimova ◽  
A.A. Orekhova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Debt Collection ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

Subject. The article addresses the tax liabilities of taxpayers registered in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, which should be paid to the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation, as well as the factors of the said debt growth. Objectives. Our aim is to assess the level of tax debt of regions of the Russian Far East and identify the correlation between the factors and the amount of tax debt. Methods. The study rests on methods of analysis, generalization, grouping, systematization, and the correlation and regression analysis. Results. We analyzed the level of tax debt for the entire Far Eastern Federal District and by region, identified factors affecting the growth of tax debt therein. The paper assesses the structure of tax debt by type of taxes and activity of debtors. The unveiled factors may help control changes in the size of tax debt in the Russian Far East and develop effective measures to improve the debt collection. Conclusions. The study shows that there is an increase in the tax debt in the regions of the Russian Far East, in the VAT in particular. The factor analysis revealed that the volume of sales of wholesale enterprises, investment in fixed capital, the consumer price index have the largest impact on the amount of tax debt.

ON CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN THE GRASS FAMILY (POACEAE) IN RUSSIA, WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE FAR EAST

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 29-64
Author(s):  
N.S. Probatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Grass Family ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Far East

The paper summarizes information on chromosome numbers (CNs) of the Grass species (Poaceae) in the flora of Russian Federation, obtained on the original material, most part - from the Russian Far East (RFE). In some species the CNs are known in Russia or in the world only from RFE, in some – from one locality or few, or from one subregion of RFE. The grass species in RFE often occur in mountain regions and near seacoasts; some species are endemics, some were studied near the limits of their geographical distribution areas. The diversity of CNs, the special features of the CNs distribution in some grass groups are discussed. The alien species are abundant in RFE, and their CNs are also involved in the study. For karyologically polymorphous species further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Edible Far Eastern Ferns as a Dietary Source of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1220
Author(s):  
Eduard V. Nekrasov ◽  
Vasily I. Svetashev
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Vegetarian Diets ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Long Chain

Young fronds of ferns are consumed as a vegetable in many countries. The aim of this study was to analyze three fern species that are available for sale in the Russian Far East as dietary sources in terms of fatty acids that are important for human physiology: arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and other valuable long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The content of ARA and EPA was 5.5 and 0.5 mg/g dry weight, respectively, in Pteridium aquilinum, 4.1 and 1.1 in Matteuccia struthiopteris, and 2.2 and 0.8 in Osmundastrum asiaticum. Salted fronds of P. aquilinum contained less these fatty acids than the raw fronds, with a decrease of up to 49% for ARA and 65% for EPA. These losses were less pronounced or even insignificant in dried fronds. Cooked ferns preserved significant portions of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: cooked P. aquilinum contained 4.4 mg/g dry weight ARA and 0.3 mg/g dry weight EPA. The ferns may provide a supplemental dietary source of these valuable long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially for vegetarian diets.

The Russian Far East: from a depressed region to the territory of the future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Nikolaychuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Future ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The monograph presents the search for solutions to the problems of the Far Eastern region. The proximity of China and the remoteness from the center of Russia make us look for effective measures to overcome the problems of settling the Far East in the context of sustainable economic development of modern Russia. The paper analyzes the problems of the Far East: in industry, agriculture, forestry, energy problems, environmental problems, and provides recommendations for their solution. Considerable attention is paid to migration problems. The experience of China is studied through the prism of bilateral cooperation with Russia. It is intended for students, masters, postgraduates, researchers dealing with issues of macroeconomic regulation and forecasting.

scholarly journals Assessment of Migration Policy Measures Implemented in the Russian Far East

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 902-916
Author(s):  
Yury D. Shmidt ◽  
Natalya V. Ivashina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Russian Far East ◽  
Control Regions

The present paper analyses migration policy measures implemented in the Russian Far East, namely, State Programme to Assist the Voluntary Resettlement of Compatriots Living Abroad to the Russian Federation, the Far-Eastern Hectare Programme, establishment of Priority Development Areas (PDAs) and territories with a special regime of economic activity. The synthetic control method was applied to quantitatively assess how the adopted measures affect the migration outflow from regions of the Far Eastern Federal District. According to this method and relevant statistics, constituent entities of the Far Eastern Federal District were compared with control regions of the Siberian Federal District, where these policy tools have not been introduced. Comparable areas had similar socio-economic development trends and migration flows in the period preceding the implementation of the state programmes. To analyse the impact of migration policy changes in 2011–2018, the difference between outflow values of the Far Eastern and synthetic control regions was calculated. The results showed that the average estimated values are negative and significantly different from zero. This indicates a positive effect of new migration mitigation measures on reducing the outflow from the Russian Far East. Future research will separately assess the effectiveness of each migration policy tool implemented in the Far Eastern Federal District.

scholarly journals The impact of the Turn to the East Policy on foreign direct investment in the Russian Far East

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-374
Author(s):  
Han-Sol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Policy Mechanisms ◽  
The Russian Far East

This study aims to measure the effectiveness of Russia’s Turn to the East Policy, addressed by the federal government in 2012, on the economic development of the underdeveloped Far Eastern regions, in terms of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows data. To do so, this paper analyzed the results of the representative policy mechanisms - designed to promote the Far Eastern investments - of the Turn to the East Policy, comprised of the Eastern Economic Forum (EEC), Advanced Special Economic Zones (ASEZs), and Vladivostok Free Ports (VFPs), based on the secondary data from the governmental organizations. From the study, in spite of the previous contentions on those policy mechanisms amongst policymakers, we elucidate the incremental growing FDI - majorly contributed by the East Asian countries: China, Japan, and South Korea - propensity in the Far East. The three Eastern Asian countries promote investments in the Russian Far East for different eco-political purposes. And it further analyzed that for Russia, despite the remarkable magnitude of Chinese and Japanese FDI compared to South Korea, South Korea is still the most attractive partner, in terms of lack of threats: The Chinese expansionism, and the Kuril Island dispute with Japan.

Comparative description of brown algae from the coastal zone of Far East

2015 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-268
Author(s):  
Natalia M. Aminina
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Aniva Bay ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Comparative Description

Data on stock and distribution of commercial and prospective for harvesting brown algae at the coast of Russian Far East are presented and compared. Their total biomass in the traditional harvesting grounds prevails 3.5 million tons. Saccharina japonica, Saccharina gurjanovae, Cystoseira crassipes have the highest biomass. However, taking into account both the stock and chemical composition of the tissues, Saccharina bongardiana, Arthrothamnus bifidus, and Eualaria fistulosa are the most profitable for harvesting and processing. The algae from the coastal waters of south-western Sakhalin have generally higher content of valuable proteins and minerals, but the content of mannitol and alginic acid is higher in the algae from the coastal waters of Kamchatka and Primorye. Contamination of the algae by toxic elements is considered, as well: in general, the safety indicators allow to regard all basic harvesting grounds of brown algae in the Far Eastern waters as suitable for commercial exploitation, though insignificant excess of the permissible level of lead (0.5 mg/kg) is detected for the brown algae from the coastal waters of Primorye and several sites in the Aniva Bay (southern Sakhalin).

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