Antituberculosis Screening of Crude Extracts of M.Spicata(Dalz.) Nicolson

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Karpe ◽  
S. P. Lawande
Keyword(s):  
Antitubercular Activity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antituberculosis Activity ◽  
Minimal Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

World Health Organization reports on Tuberculosis shows that TB is a big problem in the world. More than 23% cases of Tuberculosis found in India amongst global total. Plants are good sources of phytomedicines. Plants contain active constituents and are easily available in nature. The present study was done to evaluate In-vitro antituberculosis activity of crude extracts of m.spicata .We used Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) method to evaluate the antituberculosis activity. Higher concentarations of crude extracts were needed to show antitubercular activity as compared with standard reference drug Isoniazid.

Natural products from the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia: A potential lead for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1278-1285
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yafout ◽  
Amine Ousaid ◽  
Ibrahim Sbai El Otmani ◽  
Youssef Khayati ◽  
Amal Ait Haj Said
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Promising Source

The new SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the coronaviruses family has caused a pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. This pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency. Although several clinical trials involving a large number of drugs are currently underway, no treatment protocol for COVID-19 has been officially approved so far. Here we demonstrate through a search in the scientific literature that the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia, which includes more than 500 medicinal plants, is a fascinating and promising source for the research of natural molecules active against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple in-silico and in-vitro studies showed that some of the medicinal plants used by Moroccans for centuries possess inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. These inhibitory activities are achieved through the different molecular mechanisms of virus penetration and replication, or indirectly through stimulation of immunity. Thus, the potential of plants, plant extracts and molecules derived from plants that are traditionally used in Morocco and have activity against SARS-CoV-2, could be explored in the search for a preventive or curative treatment against COVID-19. Furthermore, safe plants or plant extracts that are proven to stimulate immunity could be officially recommended by governments as nutritional supplements.

Treatment Options in COVID-19: The Role of Bioavailable Antiviral Ribonucleoside Analog on NHC in vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Bittmann
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
World Health ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

On December 31, 2019, WHO was informed of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan City, China. A novel coronavirus was identified as the cause by Chinese authorities on January 7, 2020 and was provisionally named "2019-nCoV". This new Coronavirus causes a clinical picture which has received now the name COVID-19. The virus has spread subsequently worldwide and was explained on the 11th of March, 2020 by the World Health Organization to the pandemic.

scholarly journals A Review of the Preclinical and Clinical Efficacy of Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, and Lopinavir-Ritonavir Treatments against COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1108-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Maciorowski ◽  
Samir Z. El Idrissi ◽  
Yash Gupta ◽  
Brian J. Medernach ◽  
Michael B. Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Capital City ◽  
World Health ◽  
Atypical Pneumonia ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

In December of 2019, an outbreak of a novel coronavirus flared in Wuhan, the capital city of the Hubei Province, China. The pathogen has been identified as a novel enveloped RNA beta-coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a disease characterized by severe atypical pneumonia known as coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Typical symptoms of this disease include cough, fever, malaise, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal symptoms, anosmia, and, in severe cases, pneumonia.1 The high-risk group of COVID-19 patients includes people over the age of 60 years as well as people with existing cardiovascular disease and/or diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological investigations have suggested that the outbreak was associated with a live animal market in Wuhan. Within the first few months of the outbreak, cases were growing exponentially all over the world. The unabated spread of this deadly and highly infectious virus is a health emergency for all nations in the world and has led to the World Health Organization (WHO) declaring a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In this report, we consolidate and review the available clinically and preclinically relevant results emanating from in vitro animal models and clinical studies of drugs approved for emergency use as a treatment for COVID-19, including remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir-ritonavir combinations. These compounds have been frequently touted as top candidates to treat COVID-19, but recent clinical reports suggest mixed outcomes on their efficacies within the current clinical protocol frameworks.

Effect of Panax notoginseng Extracts on Inferior Sperm Motility in vitro

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Chou Chen ◽  
Ming-Xiong Xu ◽  
Leih-Der Chen ◽  
Yan-Nian Chen ◽  
Tsan Hung Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
World Health ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Panax notoginseng extracts on inferior sperm motility in vitro. Semen samples were collected from 23 patients with sperm motility between 20% and 40%. The sperm count was over 20 × 106/ml in accordance with the World Health Organization standard. 1.0 mg/ml and 2.0 mg/ml of Panax notoginseng extracts including aqueous extract, n-butanol extract, and polysaccharide fraction on sperm motility and progression were evaluated by computer assisted semen analysis. The results demonstrated that sperm motility as well as progression on inferior sperm motility were enhanced at 1 hour and 2 hours after incubation with all three types of extracts.

scholarly journals Avibactam Restores the Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to Aztreonam

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria F. Mojica ◽  
Krisztina M. Papp-Wallace ◽  
Magdalena A. Taracila ◽  
Melissa D. Barnes ◽  
Joseph D. Rutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Need ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic pathogen, classified by the World Health Organization as one of the leading multidrug-resistant organisms in hospital settings. The need to discover novel compounds and/or combination therapies for S. maltophilia is urgent. We demonstrate the in vitro efficacy of aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) against S. maltophilia and kinetically characterize the inhibition of the L2 β-lactamase by avibactam. ATM-AVI overcomes aztreonam resistance in selected clinical strains of S. maltophilia, addressing an unmet medical need.

scholarly journals Polyphenols’ Cardioprotective Potential: Review of Rat Fibroblasts as Well as Rat and Human Cardiomyocyte Cell Lines Research

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Michał Otręba ◽  
Leon Kośmider ◽  
Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
World Health ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Rat Cardiomyocytes ◽  
The World ◽  
Rat Fibroblasts ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Potential Use

According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases are responsible for 31% of global deaths. A reduction in mortality can be achieved by promoting a healthy lifestyle, developing prevention strategies, and developing new therapies. Polyphenols are present in food and drinks such as tea, cocoa, fruits, berries, and vegetables. These compounds have strong antioxidative properties, which might have a cardioprotective effect. The aim of this paper is to examine the potential of polyphenols in cardioprotective use based on in vitro human and rat cardiomyocytes as well as fibroblast research. Based on the papers discussed in this review, polyphenols have the potential for cardioprotective use due to their multilevel points of action which include, among others, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antithrombotic, and vasodilatory. Polyphenols may have potential use in new and effective preventions or therapies for cardiovascular diseases, yet more clinical studies are needed.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory, Antiallergic, and COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro) Inhibitory Activities of Butenolides from a Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus terreus

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3354
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Seyda Uras ◽  
Sherif S. Ebada ◽  
Michal Korinek ◽  
Amgad Albohy ◽  
Basma S. Abdulrazik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
The World ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Health Organization

In December 2020, the U.K. authorities reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) that a new COVID-19 variant, considered to be a variant under investigation from December 2020 (VUI-202012/01), was identified through viral genomic sequencing. Although several other mutants were previously reported, VUI-202012/01 proved to be about 70% more transmissible. Hence, the usefulness and effectiveness of the newly U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved COVID-19 vaccines against these new variants are doubtfully questioned. As a result of these unexpected mutants from COVID-19 and due to lack of time, much research interest is directed toward assessing secondary metabolites as potential candidates for developing lead pharmaceuticals. In this study, a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus was investigated, affording two butenolide derivatives, butyrolactones I (1) and III (2), a meroterpenoid, terretonin (3), and 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)benzaldehyde (4). Chemical structures were unambiguously determined based on mass spectrometry and extensive 1D/2D NMR analyses experiments. Compounds (1–4) were assessed for their in vitro anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and in silico COVID-19 main protease (Mpro) and elastase inhibitory activities. Among the tested compounds, only 1 revealed significant activities comparable to or even more potent than respective standard drugs, which makes butyrolactone I (1) a potential lead entity for developing a new remedy to treat and/or control the currently devastating and deadly effects of COVID-19 pandemic and elastase-related inflammatory complications.

scholarly journals Dietary Anthocyanins and Stroke: A Review of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manolescu ◽  
Oprea ◽  
Mititelu ◽  
Ruta ◽  
Farcasanu
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Prevention ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Cerebrovascular accidents are currently the second major cause of death and the third leading cause of disability in the world, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which has provided protocols for stroke prevention. Although there is a multitude of studies on the health benefits associated with anthocyanin (ACN) consumption, there is no a rigorous systematization of the data linking dietary ACN with stroke prevention. This review is intended to present data from epidemiological, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies dealing with the stroke related to ACN-rich diets or ACN supplements, along with possible mechanisms of action revealed by pharmacokinetic studies, including ACN passage through the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

scholarly journals Eye trabecular meshwork engineered models and perfusion systems for the investigation of glaucoma disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bikuña Izagirre ◽  
Javier Aldazabal ◽  
Leire Extramiana ◽  
Javier Moreno Montañés ◽  
Elena Carnero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
World Health ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
The World ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Health Organization

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world according to the World Health Organization. It is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the optic nerve and despite the significant advances in the field, a cure for glaucoma remains to be found. The trabecular meshwork (TM) has been identified as the key tissue that drives pressure regulation in eye. In this review, we look over the main role of the aforementioned meshwork, as well as its outflow physiology and pathology. Research in the field of glaucoma has mostly progressed by employing animal models. However, these models are often expensive, cumbersome and exhibit a high intra-species variability. The lack of 3D in vitro models complicates the study of TM pressure regulation mechanisms, which makes it difficult to make progress in glaucoma research. In this paper, we review the time evolution of glaucoma models and discuss the ways in which tissue engineering fabrication techniques can be applied to create an artificial TM that serves as a 3D in vitro model. We also study possible outflow evaluation systems that are valid for both scaffold testing and drug screening, which may improve the understanding of TM biology.

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