scholarly journals LINGUISTIC PECULIARITIES OF INNOVATIONS IN AMERICAN ENGLISH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Khudoliy
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
American English ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
World Report ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Communicative Activity

The article deals with linguistic peculiarities of innovations selected in texts of American news weeklies such as Newsweek and U.S. News and World Report. The author has identified and described innovations coined in the beginning of the 21st century in American journalistic texts. The innovations include lexical and grammatic coinages. The above-mentioned nonce words are coined by analogy of the existing word forming patterns. Lexical innovations reflect phenomena of American political and social life. Jargon is also an active sphere of communicative activity and serves as a foundation for producing nonce words. Grammatic innovations prove the tendency to violation of language standards and bear the characteristics of colloquial American English. In most cases the innovations are semantic nonce words and their analysis helps to realize semantic connection between the original meaning and the new one. Apart from semantic characteristics, identified innovations perform a set of functions, i.e. they are functionally oriented. They reflect social and political changes, and help native speakers precisely express their thoughts and emotions. Nonce words, as effective instruments of journalists’ influence, perform the following functions: informative, expressive, pragmatic, appealing etc. Nonce words are expressive, concise, attractive by their form and semantics. They affect readers.

The role of cross-linguistic stress pattern frequency and word similarity on the acquisition of English stress pattern by native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Post Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
American English ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Stress Pattern ◽  
Target Language ◽  
English As Second Language ◽  
Word Similarity ◽  
L1 Transfer

This is a preliminary study in which we investigate the acquisition of English as second language (L2[1]) word stress by native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese (BP, L1[2]). In this paper, we show results of a multiple choice forced choice perception test in which native speakers of American English and native speakers of Dutch judged the production of English words bearing pre-final stress that were both cognates and non-cognates with BP words. The tokens were produced by native speakers of American English and by Brazilians that speak English as a second language. The results have shown that American and Dutch listeners were consistent in their judgments on native and non-native stress productions and both speakers' groups produced variation in stress in relation to the canonical pattern. However, the variability found in American English points to the prosodic patterns of English and the variability found in Brazilian English points to the stress patterns of Portuguese. It occurs especially in words whose forms activate neighboring similar words in the L1. Transfer from the L1 appears both at segmental and prosodic levels in BP English. [1] L2 stands for second language, foreign language, target language. [2] L1 stands for first language, mother tongue, source language.

scholarly journals DIVERSIFICATION BENEFITS IN THE FINNISH COMMERCIAL PROPERTY MARKET

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Falkenbach
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Portfolio Theory ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Commercial Property ◽  
Main Motivation ◽  
Real Estate Investments ◽  
Asset Portfolio ◽  
In The Beginning

The Finnish commercial property market internationalised rapidly in the beginning of the 21st century. According to the portfolio theory and previous research on international property investments, the main motivation factor driving international real estate investments is the possibility to reach diversification benefits. The paper discusses the diversification benefits offered by the Finnish property market in its early years of internationalisation. As international real estate investors in the Finnish property market include investors with both real estate only, as well as mixed‐asset portfolios, the diversification benefits are studied both in terms of a Finnish mixed-asset portfolio, as well as international real estate portfolio. Santruka XXI a. pradžioje Suomijos komercinio nekilnojamojo turto rinkoje sparčiai vyko tarptautiniai procesai. Remiantis portfelio teorija ir ankstesniais tyrimais apie tarptautines investicijas i nekilnojamaji turta, pag rindinis veiksnys, kuris skatina tarptautines nekilnojamojo turto investicijas ‐ tai galimybe gauti diversifi kacijos teikiama nauda. Darbe aptariama, kokia nauda siūle Suomijos nekilnojamojo turto rinka ankstyvaisiais internacionalizacijos metais. Kadangi kai kurie Suomijos nekilnojamojo turto rinkoje veikiantys tarptautiniai nekilnojamojo turto investuotojai užsiima tik nekilnojamuoju turtu, o yra ir tokiu, kurie turi mišraus turto portfelius, diversifi kacijos nauda nagrinejama ir pagal Suomijos mišraus turto portfeli, ir pagal tarptautini nekilnojamojo turto portfeli.

scholarly journals Stroke Incidence and Survival in the Beginning of the 21st Century in Southern Sweden

Stroke ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Hallström ◽  
Ann-Cathrin Jönsson ◽  
Christina Nerbrand ◽  
Bo Norrving ◽  
Arne Lindgren
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
In The Beginning

scholarly journals A Corpus-Based Study on the Use of the Logical Connector ‘Thus’ in the Academic Writing of Turkish EFL Learners

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Serpil Ucar ◽  
Ceyhun Yukselir
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
American English ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Log Likelihood ◽  
Log Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Effect Relation ◽  
Academic Genre

This research was conducted to investigate how frequently Turkish advanced learners of English use the logical connector ‘thus’ in their academic prose and to investigate whether it was overused, underused or misused semantically in comparison to English native speakers. The data were collected from three corpora; Corpus of Contemporary American English and 20 scientific articles of native speakers as control corpora, and 20 scientific articles of Turkish advanced EFL learners. The raw frequencies, frequencies per million words, frequencies per text and log-likelihood ratio were measured so as to compare varieties across the three corpora. The findings revealed that Turkish learners of English showed underuse in the use of the connector ‘thus’ in their academic prose compared to native speakers. Additionally, they did not demonstrate misuse in the use of the connector ‘thus’. Nevertheless, non-native learners of English tended to use this connector in a resultative role (cause-effect relation) more frequently whereas native speakers used it in appositional and summative roles more as well as its resultative role. Furthermore, the most frequent occurrences of ‘thus’ have been in academic genre.

How Not to Go Beyond Marx: A Reply to Worrell and Krier

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Critical Social Theory ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Fatal Flaw ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Imaginary

Worrell and Krier’s ‘Atopia Awaits! A Critical Sociological Analysis of Marx’s Political Imaginary’ raises serious issues regarding Marx’s legacy. They hold that a fatal flaw in Marx’s framework can be detected in his account of a post-capitalist society, which reveals a theoretically impoverished and politically dangerous neglect of essential features of social life. I argue that there are good reasons to reject Worrell and Krier’s thesis that Marx got immensely important things horribly wrong. Marx’s limited remarks on post-capitalist society are certainly inadequate in numerous respects. However, they point in the right general direction, and Worrell and Krier fail to offer a satisfactory alternative. The prospects for a critical social theory adequate to the immense challenges of the 21st century would be harmed if their readers agreed with the paper’s main thesis.

Dialogs ar vizuālo mākslu: mākslinieks un mākslas darbs

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-191
Author(s):  
Inta Klāsone ◽  
Solvita Spirģe-Sēne
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Public Consciousness

Nowadays, various forms of visual art have brought closer people’s daily lives to the processes that occur in the society. At the same time, the visually fulfilled environment has created favourable conditions for misunderstanding the contexts and meanings of artworks. This article draws attention to the fact that dialogue with visual art can be an important tool for developing personal values and promoting the spiritual understanding of a cultural environment. The topicality of the issue is supported by the educational trends of the 21st century – to educate comprehensive people who are capable of doing a wide range of tasks, constantly continuing their learning and development. Art plays an initiator’s role in social life and it encompasses all spiritual realms of humanity, which cannot be accomplished by other forms of public consciousness. A work of art can be viewed as a multi-layered expression of thoughts in an artistic form of images and symbols. The artist's work means producing a coded text or message. This article includes insights of scholars and artists developing an understanding of the artist’s work and artworks in a cultural and historical context to enrich the individual's competence base, and examples of the work and beliefs of particular artists of the 21st century.

The Norm Orientation of English in the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Dagmar Deuber ◽  
Stephanie Hackert ◽  
Eva Canan Hänsel ◽  
Alexander Laube ◽  
Mahyar Hejrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
American English ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Quantitative Investigation ◽  
British English ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Newspaper Writing ◽  
British Colonies ◽  
Do So

This study examines newspaper writing from ten Caribbean countries as a window on the norm orientation of English in the region. English in the former British colonies of the Caribbean has been assumed to be especially prone to postcolonial linguistic Americanization, on account of not just recent global phenomena such as mass tourism and media exposure but also long-standing personal and sociocultural links. We present a quantitative investigation of variable features comparing our Caribbean results not just to American and British reference corpora but also to newspaper collections from India and Nigeria as representatives of non-Caribbean New Englishes. The amount of American features employed varies by type of feature and country. In all Caribbean corpora, they are more prevalent in the lexicon than in spelling. With regard to grammar, an orientation toward a singular norm cannot be deduced from the data. While Caribbean journalists do partake in worldwide American-led changes such as colloquialization, as evident in the occurrence of contractions or the tendency to prefer that over which, the frequencies with which they do so align neither with American English nor with British English but often resemble those found in the Indian and Nigerian corpora. Contemporary Caribbean newspaper writing, thus, neither follows traditional British norms, nor is it characterized by massive linguistic Americanization; rather, there appears to be a certain conservatism common to New Englishes generally. We discuss these results in light of new considerations on normativity in English in the 21st century.

Invázna ekológia

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pavol Eliáš
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Science Policy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
Current Development ◽  
New Science ◽  
Invasion Species ◽  
In The Beginning

Invasion ecology was established as a science of invasion of animals and plants in the beginning of the second half of the 20th century by English ecologist Charles Sutherland Elton (1900-1991). Rapid development of the field of ecology is evident since the end of last century and following decades of 21st century. The paper deals with current development, diversity of concepts and hypotheses, including critiques of invasion terminology, invasion species concepts, introduced species as bad species and xenophobe appeared related to aliens as invaders. Invasion biology was an attempt to integrate alien animals and plants research into one science. In last decade new science of invasions is developed, characterised by multi- and interdisicplinarity, supported by social and economy sciences. To facilitate generalisations, and to improve the link between science, policy, and management, numerous frameworks have been developed in an attempt to unify different concepts and definitions.

scholarly journals VISUALISASI PEREMPUAN PADA LUKISAN TRADISIONAL TIONGHOA DI INDONESIA (Analisis karya-karya seni lukis Lee Man Fong dan Chiang Yu Tie)

Panggung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariesa Pandanwangi ◽  
Nuning Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Social Area

ABSTRACT Both Lee Man Fong - a male painter - and Chiang Yu Tie - a female painter - are Chinese who migrated to Indonesia. In the beginning of the 20th century, Lee Man Fong lived in Bali while Chiang Yu Tie lived in Java. Many of their artworks were collected by the National Palace and many government officers. The questions of this research are visualization of the women as the object of paintings of both artists and gesture of the women in the paintings of both artists. The purpose of the research is to enrich the documentary infrastructure about women as object in the social area of visual arts which has not been studied much. The research method that will be used is qualitative method with purpose sampling. The result of the research will show that both artists are very familiar with a particular social life during their stay in a certain place, so that their perceptions are focused in excavating the women object in their artworks.Keywords: Chiang Yu Tie, Chinese, Lee Man Fong, Painting, Woman.ABSTRAK Lee Man Fong adalah pelukis laki-laki dan Chiang Yu Tie adalah pelukis perempuan. Keduanya adalah orang Tionghoa yang merantau ke Indonesia. Pada tahun 1900 an Lee Man Fong tinggal di Bali sedangkan Chiang Yu Tie tinggal di Jawa Barat. Karya keduanya banyak dikoleksi oleh Istana Negara juga oleh pejabat pemerintahan. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui visualisasi perempuan yang dijadikan objek pada lukisan tradisional tionghoa dan gestur perempuan pada objek karya seni lukis kedua seniman tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melengkapi infrastruktur pendokumentasian tentang objek perempuan dalam medan sosial seni rupa yang belum banyak dibahas. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan purpose sampling. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa kedua seniman tersebut sangat akrab dengan lingkungan sosial ketika mereka tinggal disuatu daerah, sehingga pengamatannya banyak di fokuskan pada penggalian objek perempuan dalam karya seni lukisnya.Kata kunci: Chiang Yu Tie, Lee Man Fong, Perempuan, Seni lukis, Tionghoa. 

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