scholarly journals Biodeinking Kertas Koran Bekas menggunakan Ekstrak Kasar Lakase dari Marasmiellus palmivorus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sitatun Zunaidah ◽  
Rendana Saputra ◽  
Hendro Risdianto ◽  
Sri Harjati Suhardi
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Paper Recycling ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Crude Extract Enzyme ◽  
Potential Use

Biodeinking of Old Newspaper using Crude Laccase from Marasmiellus palmivorus   Abstract Enzymatic deinking is receiving growing attention due to the negative environmental impact caused by chemical deinking. Old newspaper (ONP) is one of the materials that can be used in paper recycling. The use of the crude laccase from Marasmiellus palmivorus in biodeinking is due to its capability to remove the ink. The objective of this research was to determine the potential use of laccase in enzymatic deinking to increase the brightness value and reduce ERIC (Effective Residual Ink Concentration) value on old newspapers. Laccase was produced from M. palmivorus by using cultivation in a static Solid State Fermentation (SSF) reactor with lignocellulosic as substrate. The methodology involves the production of crude laccase extract, laccase optimization using variations of dosage, temperatures, and times. The highest laccase activity is 1,142.86 U/L (16 U/mg). Optimization of laccase crude extract enzyme in biodeinking can increase brightness values by 15.22% (54.27 %ISO) to 25.03% (58.89 %ISO) compared to controls (47.09% ISO) and reduce ERIC values by 46.12% (452.1 ppm) to 68.26% (266.4 ppm) compared to control (839.2 ppm). Keywords: biodeinking, Marasmiellus palmivorus, laccase, old newspaper Abstrak Deinking enzimatis semakin mendapat perhatian karena dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh deinking secara kimia. Kertas koran bekas merupakan salah satu bahan yang dapat didaur ulang. Pemanfaatan ekstrak kasar lakase dari Marasmiellus palmivorus digunakan dalam biodeinking karena memiliki kemampuan untuk menyisihkan tinta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak kasar lakase untuk meningkatkan nilai brightness (derajat cerah) dan menurunkan nilai Effective Residual Ink Concentration (ERIC) dalam proses biodeinking kertas koran bekas. Produksi ekstrak kasar lakase dilakukan dalam reaktor statis Solid State Fermentation (SSF) dengan substrat material lignoselulosik. Produksi ekstrak kasar lakase menghasilkan aktivitas tertinggi 1.142,86 U/L (8,33 U/mg). Perlakuan biodeinking dengan enzim ekstrak kasar lakase dapat meningkatkan nilai derajat cerah 15,22% (54,27 %ISO) sampai 25,03% (58,89 %ISO) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (47,10 %ISO) dan menurunkan nilai ERIC 46,12% (452,1 ppm) sampai 68,26% (266,4 ppm) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (839,2 ppm). Kata kunci:  biodeinking, Marasmiellus palmivorus, lakase, kertas koran bekas

scholarly journals Solid-state fermentation of paper sludge to obtain spores of the fungus Trichoderma asperellum

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Rosa Dorta-Vásquez ◽  
Oscar Valbuena ◽  
Domenico Pavone-Maniscalco
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Paper Sludge ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact

Abstract Paper production generates large quantities of a solid waste known as papermaking sludge (PS), which needs to be handled properly for final disposal. The high amount of this byproduct creates expensive economical costs and induces environmental and ecological risks. Therefore, it is necessary to search uses for PS, in order to reduce the negative environmental impact and to generate a more valuable byproduct. Due to the cellulolytic composition of PS, this work evaluated a solid state fermentation process using it as substrate to obtain spores of the fungus Trichoderma asperellum. Optimal conditions to obtain T. asperellum spores were: 60% water content, 3% (w/w) salts (Nutrisol P® and Nutrisol K®), inoculum concentration at 1x105 spores/g, and pasteurized or sterilized PS. Under these conditions it was possible to obtain 2.37x109 spores/g. T. asperellum spores applied directly to pepper (Capsicum anuum) seeds without PS increased significantly seedling dry mass in greenhouse assays. This work suggests an alternative, economic and abundant substrate for production of T. asperellum spores.

scholarly journals Solid-state fermentation with orange waste: optimization of Laccase production from Pleurotus pulmonarius CCB-20 and decolorization of synthetic dyes

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e52699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Graça Contato ◽  
Fabíola Dorneles In´ácio ◽  
Tatiane Brugnari ◽  
Caroline Aparecida Vaz de Araújo ◽  
Giselle Maria Maciel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Pleurotus Pulmonarius ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Orange Waste ◽  
Oxidoreductase Enzymes

Laccases are oxidoreductase enzymes that have the ability to oxidize phenolic substrates. Its biotechnological potential has been greatly explored in many areas as biotechnology industry, bioremediation of dyes, food industry and environmental microbiology. The aim of this study was maximize the laccase production by Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quélet in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using orange waste as substrate. After optimization the capability of the crude laccase to decolorize dyes was analyzed. The fermentation medium in the solid-state was optimized by applying a factorial design. After statistics optimization, laccase activity increased two times. The laccase activity appears to be correlated with the ability of crude extract to decolorize some industrial dyes. The optimized laccase was characterized with respect to optimum pH, influence of temperature and salts. Our results demonstrate that P. pulmonarius was an efficient producer of an important industrial enzyme, laccase, in a cheap solid-state system using orange waste as substrate.

scholarly journals Statistical Optimization of Laccase Production and Delignification of Sugarcane Bagasse byPleurotus ostreatusin Solid-State Fermentation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Grace Karp ◽  
Vincenza Faraco ◽  
Antonella Amore ◽  
Luiz Alberto Junior Letti ◽  
Vanete Thomaz Soccol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Laccase Production

Laccases are oxidative enzymes related to the degradation of phenolic compounds, including lignin units, with concomitant reduction of oxygen to water. Delignification is a necessary pretreatment step in the process of converting plant biomass into fermentable sugars. The objective of this work was to optimize the production of laccases and to evaluate the delignification of sugarcane bagasse byPleurotus ostreatusin solid-state fermentation. Among eight variables (pH, water activity, temperature, and concentrations of CuSO4, (NH4)2SO4, KH2PO4, asparagine, and yeast extract), copper sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations were demonstrated to significantly influence laccase production. The replacement of ammonium sulfate by yeast extract and the addition of ferulic acid as inducer provided increases of 5.7- and 2.0-fold, respectively, in laccase activity. Optimization of laccase production as a function of yeast extract, copper sulfate, and ferulic acid concentrations was performed by response surface methodology and optimal concentrations were 6.4 g/L, 172.6 μM, and 1.86 mM, respectively. Experimentally, the maximum laccase activity of 151.6 U/g was produced at the 5th day of solid-state fermentation. Lignin content in sugarcane bagasse was reduced from 31.89% to 26.36% after 5 days and to 20.79% after 15 days by the biological treatment of solid-state fermentation.

A comparative study on the laccase activity of four basidiomycete fungi with different lignocellulosic residues via solid-state fermentation

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3017-3031
Author(s):  
Mei-Ling Han ◽  
Qi An ◽  
Kai-Yue Ma ◽  
Wen-Ning An ◽  
Wen-Yao Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Lignocellulosic Residues ◽  
Basidiomycete Fungi

The laccase producing abilities of four Basidiomycete fungi species were compared using solid-state fermentation using four different lignocellulosic residues. The biosynthetic potential of the Basidiomycetes was highly dependent on the type of fungi. In general, the laccase secreting ability of Cerrena unicolor Han 849 was greater than Lenzites betulinus Han 851, Stropharia rugosoannulata Han 1321, and Auricularia heimuer Han 1333. The maximum laccase production of C. unicolor Han 849 was approximately 11.25, 122.26, and 15.27 times higher than L. betulinus Han 851, S. rugosoannulata Han 1321 and A. heimuer Han 1333, respectively. Different species of fungi had a preference in lignocellulosic residues. The presence of Firmiana platanifolia was conducive to secreting laccase via C. unicolor Han 849 during solid-state fermentation. A continuous and stable laccase production via C. unicolor Han 849 was an obvious advantage of solid-state fermentation with any of the four lignocellulosic residues used. The maximum laccase production of C. unicolor Han 849 using Firmiana platanifolia was approximately 2.12, 1.68, and 6.13 times higher than Populus beijingensis, Sorghum bicolor, and Oryza sativa, respectively. These findings will be helpful for developing new productivity strains in industrial applications and selecting suitable lignocellulosic residues for laccase production.

Optimization of Laccase Production from Penicillium sp. LX/08 for Biodelignification of Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud)

2020 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Asri Peni Wulandari ◽  
Zulfa Illiyyin ◽  
Hendro Risdianto
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Pretreatment Method

Ramie solid waste as chips can be used as raw material for pulp. Ligninolytic enzymes of laccase widely used for pretreatment of the pulping process of ramie chips by biodelignification using laccase produced by Penicillium sp. LX/08 has been done. This study aims to obtain optimal concentrations of lignin and CuSO4 as enzyme inducers to increase laccase production from Penicillium sp. LX/08 during biodelignification process and its effect on the quality of ramie pulp. The biodelignification process of ramie chips was carried out by solid state fermentation (SSF) method with six days incubation time. Two inducer type treatment factors (CuSO4 and lignin), and variations in the concentration of each lignin (0.25 g/L, 0.5 g/L, 0.75 g/L) and CuSO4 (0.25 mM, 0.5 mM, 0.75 mM) were investigated in this study. The pulping process was carried out by the soda process in a digester under conditions: 12% active alkaline, temperature of 165°C for 3.5 hours. The results showed that 0.75 mM and 0.5 g/L of lignin were the optimal concentrations which could increase the laccase activity of Penicillium sp. LX/08 by 343 U/L and 25,8 U/L, respectively. The quality of ramie pulp showed a decrease in Kappa Number of 9,34% with an increase in pulp yield to 55,43%. Based on these results, the pretreatment method using laccase produced by Penicillium sp. LX/08 can assist the pulping process of ramie.

scholarly journals Ligninolytic enzyme production by Lenzites betulinus on selected plant raw materials

2011 ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Knezevic ◽  
Ivan Milovanovic ◽  
Mirjana Stajic ◽  
Jelena Vukojevic
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzyme ◽  
Plant Residues

To get a better insight into the ligninolytic system of Lenzites betulinus, the effect of wheat straw and oak sawdust, as carbon sources, on production of Mn-oxidizing peroxidases and laccase, under solid-state and submerged fermentation, was studied. Obtained results revealed considerable differences related to the both factors affecting enzyme activities. Wheat straw was more favorable carbon source for Mn-oxidizing peroxidases and oak sawdust for laccase activity. Solid-state fermentation of wheat straw was optimal for Mn-dependent peroxidase activity (72.1 Ul-1). In contrary to this, submerged fermentation of the same residue gave the highest level of versatile peroxidase activity (25.4 Ul-1). The peak of laccase activity was noted during solid-state fermentation of oak sawdust (32.3 Ul-1), while this enzyme was not detected under submerged fermentation of any plant residues.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities and Toxicity of Streptosporangium sp. SM1P

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Risa Nofiani ◽  
Rizky Rizky ◽  
Ridho Brilliantoro
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Toxic Activity ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Media

This study aims to explore the anti-bacterial and toxicity activities from a rare actinobacterium isolated from mangrove, Mempawah District, West Kalimantan. The mangrove mud sample from Mempawah district was inoculated on ISP4 agar using a pour plate method. After 4 days of incubation, a colony of suspected actinobacterium was appeared, then isolated and coded as SM1P. SM1P was characterized based on morphological and biochemical traits and identified as a genus of Streptroporangium then called Streptroporangium sp. SM1P. Streptroporangium sp. SM1P was carried out anti-bacterial assay on both ISP1 agar and ISP4 agar media using the cross-streak method for the solid-state fermentation. The result showed that Streptroporangium sp. SM1P could inhibit Streptococcus sp. and Salmonella typhi on ISP1 agar and treptococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi on ISP4 agar.  Streptroporangium sp. SM1P was cultivated on ISP1 broth and extracted using ethyl acetate, then evaporated to obtain crude extract. The crude extract was used for anti-bacterial assay (well-diffusion method for liquid-state fermentation) and toxicity assay (brine shrimp lethality test). The crude extract was active against 2 of the test bacteria (Streptococcus sp. and E. coli). The best medium and state fermentation for anti-bacterial assay were ISP4 agar with the condition of solid-state fermentation. The extract SM1P prepared on ISP1 broth showed toxic activity based on LC50 (106.094 µg/mL). Therefore, Streptroporangium sp. SM1P have a potential source to explore secondary metabolites having anti-bacterial and toxicity activities.

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