Fungal endophthalmitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
I.A. Frolychev ◽  
◽  
N.A. Pozdeyeva ◽  
N.P. Pashtaev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Fungal Endophthalmitis ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Surgical Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Penetrating Wound ◽  
Severe Pathology

The question of the pathogenesis and development of fungal endophthalmitis is an urgent research topic Purpose. Evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of treatment of patients with fungal endophthalmitis over the past 5 years using the developed surgical technology. Material and methods. In the period 2016-2021, 5 patients with fungal endophthalmitis were treated. With the fungal etiology of endophthalmitis, one patient was after a penetrating wound, 4-after corneal microtraumas with the development of keratouveitis (all after using contact lenses). Surgical treatment included taking intraocular material for examination, performing vitrectomy in the maximum possible volume, tamponade of the vitreal cavity with perfluorodecalin (for 5-14 days) and intravitreal administration of amphotericin B in 10 mcg in 0.1 ml. Results. As a result of treatment of fungal endophthalmitis, it was possible to preserve the eye as an organ in 3 patients (60%), to preserve visual functions in 1 patient (20%). Conclusion. Fungal endophthalmitis is a severe pathology of the visual organ. The prognosis for the preservation of visual functions is unfavorable, the preservation of the eye is doubtful. Key words: fungal endophthalmitis, vitrectomy, perfluorodecalin, amphotericin B.

Profilometry. Using Corneo-scleral topography for scleral lens fitting

The Eye ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (128) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Gregory DeNaeyer
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Way

The world-wide use of scleral contact lenses has dramatically increased over the past 10 year and has changed the way that we manage patients with corneal irregularity. Successfully fitting them can be challenging especially for eyes that have significant asymmetries of the cornea or sclera. The future of scleral lens fitting is utilizing corneo-scleral topography to accurately measure the anterior ocular surface and then using software to design lenses that identically match the scleral surface and evenly vault the cornea. This process allows the practitioner to efficiently fit a customized scleral lens that successfully provides the patient with comfortable wear and improved vision.

scholarly journals Oxygen Permeability of Silk Fibroin Hydrogels and Their Use as Materials for Contact Lenses: A Purposeful Analysis

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Traian V. Chirila
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Oxygen Permeability ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fibrous Protein ◽  
Silk Moth ◽  
Bombyx Mori Silk

Fibroin is a fibrous protein that can be conveniently isolated from the silk cocoons produced by the larvae of Bombyx mori silk moth. In its form as a hydrogel, Bombyx mori silk fibroin (BMSF) has been employed in a variety of biomedical applications. When used as substrates for biomaterial-cells constructs in tissue engineering, the oxygen transport characteristics of the BMSF membranes have proved so far to be adequate. However, over the past three decades the BMSF hydrogels have been proposed episodically as materials for the manufacture of contact lenses, an application that depends on substantially elevated oxygen permeability. This review will show that the literature published on the oxygen permeability of BMSF is both limited and controversial. Additionally, there is no evidence that contact lenses made from BMSF have ever reached commercialization. The existing literature is discussed critically, leading to the conclusion that BMSF hydrogels are unsuitable as materials for contact lenses, while also attempting to explain the scarcity of data regarding the oxygen permeability of BMSF. To the author’s knowledge, this review covers all publications related to the topic.

Antibacterial therapy of infectious eye diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
A. E. Babushkin ◽  
◽  
G. R. Saitova ◽  
E. N. Matyukhina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Bacterial Keratitis ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Combined Use

The aim of the work was to study the clinical effectiveness of the combined treatment of keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis of bacterial etiology with the combined use of ocomistin eye drops and oftocipro ointment. These drugs were used in complex therapy in 12 patients in the treatment of this ophthalmopathology, which was caused corneal microtrauma after ingestion of foreign bodies or wearing contact lenses. At the same time, in most cases, microflora in the form of staphylococci was detected. Observations of the effectiveness of such a combined treatment for infectious and bacterial lesions of the eye anterior segment showed good tolerability and high (in 11 patients, in 91.7% of cases) clinical effectiveness of this therapy. Key words: bacterial keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis, treatment, antiseptic-okomistin, antibiotic-ciprofloxacin ointment.

Deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: past, present, and future

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. E10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew K. Mian ◽  
Michael Campos ◽  
Sameer A. Sheth ◽  
Emad N. Eskandar
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neurosurgical Techniques ◽  
Deep Brain

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric illness that can lead to chronic functional impairment. Some patients with severe, chronic OCD have been treated with ablative neurosurgical techniques over the past 4 decades. More recently, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been investigated as a therapy for refractory OCD, and the procedure was granted a limited humanitarian device exemption by the FDA in 2009. In this article, the authors review the development of DBS for OCD, describe the current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disorder and how the underlying neural circuits might be modulated by DBS, and discuss the clinical studies that provide evidence for the use of this evolving therapy. The authors conclude with suggestions for how a combined basic science and translational research approach could drive the understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying OCD as well as the clinical effectiveness of DBS in the setting of recalcitrant disease.

scholarly journals Bacteriophages and Their Derivatives as Biotherapeutic Agents in Disease Prevention and Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elbreki ◽  
R. Paul Ross ◽  
Colin Hill ◽  
Jim O'Mahony ◽  
Olivia McAuliffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Host ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Peptidoglycan Hydrolases

The application of bacteriophages for the elimination of pathogenic bacteria has received significantly increased attention world-wide in the past decade. This is borne out by the increasing prevalence of bacteriophage-specific conferences highlighting significant and diverse advances in the exploitation of bacteriophages. While bacteriophage therapy has been associated with the Former Soviet Union historically, since the 1990s, it has been widely and enthusiastically adopted as a research topic in Western countries. This has been justified by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in many prominent human pathogenic bacteria. Discussion of the therapeutic aspects of bacteriophages in this review will include the uses of whole phages as antibacterials and will also describe studies on the applications of purified phage-derived peptidoglycan hydrolases, which do not have the constraint of limited bacterial host-range often observed with whole phages.

scholarly journals Nonsurgical Procedures for Keratoconus Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rico-Del-Viejo ◽  
M. Garcia-Montero ◽  
J. L. Hernández-Verdejo ◽  
S. García-Lázaro ◽  
F. J. Gómez-Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Contact Lens Fitting

Objectives. To describe the past 20 years’ correction modalities for keratoconus and their visual outcomes and possible complications.Methods. A review of the published literature related to the visual outcomes and possible complications in the context of keratoconus management using nonsurgical procedures for the last 20 years (glasses and contact lenses) was performed. Original articles that reported the outcome of any correction modalities of keratoconus management were reviewed.Results. The most nonsurgical procedure used on keratoconus management is the contact lens fitting. Soft contact lenses and soft toric contact lenses, rigid gas-permeable contact lenses, piggyback contact lens system, hybrid contact lenses, and scleral and corneoscleral contact lenses form the contemporary range of available lens types for keratoconus management with contact lenses. All of them try to restore the vision, improve the quality of life, and delay surgical procedures in patients with this disease. Complications are derived from the intolerance of using contact lens, and the use of each depends on keratoconus severity.Conclusions. In the context of nonsurgical procedures, the use of contact lenses for the management of keratoconic patients represents a good alternative to restore vision and improve the quality of live in this population.

scholarly journals Railroad Ballast Particle Breakage with Unique Laboratory Test Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szabolcs Fischer ◽  
Erika Juhász
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Discrete Element Modelling ◽  
Strain Effect ◽  
Railway Ballast ◽  
The Past ◽  
Laboratory Test Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Adequate Quality

This paper demonstrates the results in the research topic of the railway ballast particles’ breakage test with unique laboratory test. The most railway lines in the world have so called traditional superstructure (ballasted tracks). In the past few years there were a lot of railway rehabilitation projects in Hungary, as well as abroad. Nowadays cannot be expected that there is enough quantity of railway ballast in adequate quality, because of the modifications and restrictions in the related regulations in Hungary since 2010. In Hungary there are only a few quarries which are able to ensure adequate railway ballast material for construction and maintenance projects for speed values between 120 and 160 km/h. This may cause supply and quality risk in production of railway ballast. The authors’ research’s main goal is to be able to simulate the stress-strain effect of ballast particles in real and objective way in laboratory conditions as well as in discrete element modelling.

scholarly journals CAPTCHA recognition based on a generative-adversarial network

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Parfenov ◽  
Peter Sychov
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Generative Adversarial Network ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adversarial Network ◽  
Competitive Network ◽  
New Research

CAPTCHA recognition is certainly not a new research topic. Over the past decade, researchers have demonstrated various ways to automatically recognize text-based CAPTCHAs. However, in such methods, the recognition setup requires a large participation of experts and carries a laborious process of collecting and marking data. This article presents a general, low-cost, but effective approach to automatically solving text-based CAPTCHAs based on deep learning. This approach is based on the architecture of a generative-competitive network, which will significantly reduce the number of real required CAPTCHAs.

scholarly journals Remediation of Pesticides by Microalgae as Feasible Approach in Agriculture: Bibliometric Strategies

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Gayathiri Verasoundarapandian ◽  
Zheng Syuen Lim ◽  
Syahirah Batrisyia Mohamed Radziff ◽  
Siti Hajar Taufik ◽  
Nurul Aini Puasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Topic ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pesticide Treatment ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Global Food

Pesticide treatment dramatically reduces crop loss and enhances agricultural productivity, promoting global food security and economic growth. However, owing to high accrual and persistent tendency, pesticides could create significant ecological consequences when used often. Lately, the perspective has transitioned to implementing biological material, environmentally sustainable, and economical strategies via bioremediation approaches to eradicate pesticides contaminations. Microalgae were regarded as a prominent option for the detoxification of such hazardous contaminants. Sustainable application and remediation strategies of pesticides pollutants in the agriculture system by microalgae from the past studies, and recent advancements were integrated into this review. Bibliometric strategies to enhance the research advancements in pesticide bioremediation by microalgae between 2010 and 2020 were implemented through critical comparative analysis of documents from Scopus and PubMed databases. As a result, this study identified a growing annual research trend from 1994 to 2020 (nScopus > nPubMed). Global production of pesticide remediation by microalgae demonstrated significant contributions from India (23.8%) and China (16.7%). The author’s keyword clustering was visualized using bibliometric software (VOSviewer), which revealed the strongest network formed by “microalgae”, “bioremediation”, “biodegradation”, “cyanobacteria”, “wastewater”, and “pesticide” as significant to the research topic. Hence, this bibliometric review will facilitate the future roadmap for many scholars and authors who were drawing attention to the burgeoning research on bioremediation of pesticides to counteract environmental impacts while maintaining food sustainability.

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