scholarly journals Beam-colored Sketch and Image-based 3D Continuous Wireframe Reconstruction with different Materials and Cross-Sections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Denk ◽  
◽  
Klemens Rother ◽  
Kristin Paetzold ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Shape Description ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Common Task ◽  
2D Images

The automated reverse engineering of wireframes is a common task in topology optimization, fast concept design, bionic and point cloud reconstruction. This article deals with the usage of skeleton-based reconstruction of sketches in 2D images. The result leads to a flexible at least C₁ continuous shape description.

Structural Topology Optimization Using Frame Elements Based on the Complementary Strain Energy Concept for Eigen-Frequency Maximization

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Takezawa ◽  
Shinji Nishiwaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Izui ◽  
Masataka Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Structural Topology ◽  
Energy Concept ◽  
Conceptual Design Phase ◽  
Complementary Strain ◽  
Topology Optimization Method

This paper discuses a new topology optimization method using frame elements for the design of mechanical structures at the conceptual design phase. The optimal configurations are determined by maximizing multiple eigen-frequencies in order to obtain the most stable structures for dynamic problems. The optimization problem is formulated using frame elements having ellipsoidal cross-sections, as the simplest case. Construction of the optimization procedure is based on CONLIN and the complementary strain energy concept. Finally, several examples are presented to confirm that the proposed method is useful for the topology optimization method discussed here.

Constraint-Based Reverse Engineering From Ultrasound Cross-Sections

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai Menon ◽  
Ranjit Desai ◽  
Jay Buckey
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reverse Engineer ◽  
Network Bandwidth ◽  
Complex Topology

Abstract This paper extends the “cross-sectional” approach for reverse engineering, used abundantly in biomedical applications, to the mechanical domain. We propose a combination of “projective” and cross-sectional algorithms for handling physical artifacts with complex topology and geometry. In addition, the paper introduces the concept of constraint-based reverse engineering, where the constraint parameters could include one or more of the following: time, storage (memory, disk-space), network bandwidth, Quality of Service (output-resolution), and so forth. We describe a specific reverse-engineering application which uses ultrasound (tilt-echo) imaging to reverse engineer spatial enumeration (volume) representations from cross-sectional data. The constraint here is time, and we summarize how our implementation can satisfy real-time reconstruction for distribution of the volume data on the internet. We present results that show volume representations computed from static objects. Since the algorithms are tuned to satisfy time constraints, this method is extendable to reverse engineer temporally-varying (elastic) objects. The current reverse engineering processing time is constrained by the data-acquisition (tilt-echo imaging) process, and the entire reverse engineering pipeline has been optimized to compute incremental volume representations in the order of 3 seconds on a network of four processors.

User-Driven Computer-Assisted Reverse Engineering of Editable CAD Assembly Models

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ghazanfar Ali Shah ◽  
Jean-Philippe Pernot ◽  
Arnaud Polette ◽  
Franca Giannini ◽  
Marina Monti
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Incomplete Datasets

Abstract This paper introduces a novel reverse engineering technique for the reconstruction of editable CAD models of mechanical parts' assemblies. The input is a point cloud of a mechanical parts' assembly that has been acquired as a whole, i.e. without disassembling it prior to its digitization. The proposed framework allows for the reconstruction of the parametric CAD assembly model through a multi-step reconstruction and fitting approach. It is modular and it supports various exploitation scenarios depending on the available data and starting point. It also handles incomplete datasets. The reconstruction process starts from roughly sketched and parameterized geometries (i.e 2D sketches, 3D parts or assemblies) that are then used as input of a simulated annealing-based fitting algorithm, which minimizes the deviation between the point cloud and the reconstructed geometries. The coherence of the CAD models is maintained by a CAD modeler that performs the updates and satisfies the geometric constraints as the fitting process goes on. The optimization process leverages a two-level filtering technique able to capture and manage the boundaries of the geometries inside the overall point cloud in order to allow for local fitting and interfaces detection. It is a user-driven approach where the user decides what are the most suitable steps and sequence to operate. It has been tested and validated on both real scanned point clouds and as-scanned virtually generated point clouds incorporating several artifacts that would appear with real acquisition devices.

Development of Inner Rotating Core for a Molding Machine With Topology Optimization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Seok Park ◽  
Prakash Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
Optimal Topology ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Molding Machine ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Concept Evaluation ◽  
Main Component

Sulfur polymer concrete (SPC) is relatively new material used to replace Portland cement for making drain pipes currently being manufactured by horizontal spun technology which produces non-homogenous material distribution and low strength pipes. Due to drawbacks of existing machine, there is a necessity to design molding machine with improved technology for assuring homogenous compaction of material. In this research, a new machine is designed where inner rotating core is the main component for mixing, compressing and giving final shape of product. So, it is necessary to optimize this part in terms of topology to ensure robust functionality. First, the concept of a new molding machine was designed through problem exploration, idea generation, concept evaluation, and design improvement. The alternative was generated in consideration of customer requirements by applying TRIZ principles to overcome drawback of existing machine. One of the concepts was selected using scoring techniques where concepts are presented and compared with varieties of evaluating criteria. Topology optimization with density method has applied to design inner rotating core part for mass reduction and thereby optimum utilization of design space. Suitable engineering model was built based on loads, boundary condition and constraints. Loads are applied on inner core walls during mixing and compressing of sulfur concrete. Objective is focused to minimize the developed topology by maximizing stiffness. Repeated structural analysis is done to obtain the convergence data for optimal design. Optimized finite element topology is generated as CAD model for size optimization. The optimization study provided response charts of different design variables. Sensitivity analysis of the input variables helped in identifying the importance of each design variable and their respective effects on the output model. Different design points are rated on optimization study and best design points are chosen for the final dimension of structure. CATIA, OptiStruct and ANSYS are tools used for concept design, optimization of topology. To the end optimal topology is compared with the initial designed part in terms of weight and displacement. It is concluded that topology optimized model maximizes overall stiffness resulting in better and innovative product design with enhanced performance.

scholarly journals A HYBRID MODEL FOR THE REVERSE ENGINEERING OF THE MILAN CATHEDRAL. CHALLENGES AND LESSON LEARNT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Spettu ◽  
Simone Teruggi ◽  
Francesco Canali ◽  
Cristiana Achille ◽  
Francesco Fassi
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
Periodic Maintenance ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection

Cultural Heritage (CH) 3D digitisation is getting increasing attention and importance. Advanced survey techniques provide as output a 3D point cloud, wholly and accurately describing even the most complex architectural geometry with a priori established accuracy. These 3D point models are generally used as the base for the realisation of 2D technical drawings and 3D advanced representations. During the last 12 years, the 3DSurveyGroup (3DSG, Politecnico di Milano) conduced an omni-comprehensive, multi-technique survey, obtaining the full point cloud of Milan Cathedral, from which were produced the 2D technical drawings and the 3D model of the Main Spire used by the Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo di Milano (VF) to plan its periodic maintenance and inspection activities on the Cathedral. Using the survey product directly to plan VF activities would help to skip a long-lasting, uneconomical and manual process of 2D and 3D technical elaboration extraction. In order to do so, the unstructured point cloud data must be enriched with semantics, providing a hierarchical structure that can communicate with a powerful, flexible information system able to effectively manage both point clouds and 3D geometries as hybrid models. For this purpose, the point cloud was segmented using a machine-learning algorithm with multi-level multi-resolution (MLMR) approach in order to obtain a manageable, reliable and repeatable dataset. This reverse engineering process allowed to identify directly on the point cloud the main architectonic elements that are then re-organised in a logical structure inserted inside the informative system built inside the 3DExperience environment, developed by Dassault Systémes.

The Study of Mechanical Product Concept Design Method Based on Reverse Engineering

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 3731-3736
Author(s):  
Pei Gang Li ◽  
Xian Ying Feng ◽  
Xiao Xia Shen ◽  
Cheng Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Product Information ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Mapping Function ◽  
Information Organization ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Product Concept ◽  
Product Information Model ◽  
Effective Carrier

The mechanical product concept design method based on reverse engineering (RE) is a new approach in the concept design domain. The functional pattern is thought as an effective carrier and medium of mapping function to structure, which provides an efficient path for expressing the intrinsic evolution rule of the complex mechanical qualitative structure. And it is used as the information organization unit and the assembly product information model, which could give some help to express the design knowledge effectively. Therefore, we proposed a mechanical product concept design method based on RE. The examples indicated that this method is feasible and it provides a practical technical way for the knowledge reuse and continue innovation of the existence products.

The Use of the Terrestrial Photogrammetry in Reverse Engineering Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Naci Yastikli ◽  
Zehra Erisir ◽  
Pelin Altintas ◽  
Tugba Cak
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Ship Model ◽  
Dense Point ◽  
Terrestrial Photogrammetry

The reverse engineering applications has gained great momentum in industrial production with developments in the fields of computer vision and computer-aided design (CAD). The reproduction of an existing product or a spare part, reproduction of an existing surface, elimination of the defect or improvement of the available product are the goals of industrial reverse engineering applications. The first and the most important step in reverse engineering applications is the generation of the three dimensional (3D) metric model of an existing product in computer environment. After this stage, many operations such as the preparation of molds for mass production, the performance testing, the comparison of the existing product with other products and prototypes which are available on the market are performed by using the generated 3D models. In reverse engineering applications, the laser scanner system or digital terrestrial photogrammetry methods, also called contactless method, are preferred for the generation of the 3D models. In particular, terrestrial photogrammetry has become a popular method since require only photographs for the 3-dimensional drawing, the generation of the dense point cloud using the image matching algorithms and the orthoimage generation as well as its low cost. In this paper, an industrial application of 3D information modelling is presented which concerns the measurement and 3D metric modelling of the ship model. The possible usage of terrestrial photogrammetry in reverse engineering application is investigated based on low cost photogrammetric system. The main aim was the generation of the dense point cloud and 3D line drawing of the ship model by using terrestrial photogrammetry, for the production of the ship in real size as a reverse engineering application. For this purpose, the images were recorded with digital SLR camera and orientations have been performed. Then 3D line drawing operations, point cloud and orthoimage generations have been accomplished by using PhotoModeler software. As a result of the proposed terrestrial photogrammetric steps, 0.5 mm spaced dense point cloud and orthoimage have been generated. The obtained results from experimental study were discussed and possible use of proposed methods was evaluated for reverse engineering application.

scholarly journals Tunnel Deformation Inspection via Global Spatial Axis Extraction from 3D Raw Point Cloud

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6815
Author(s):  
Cheng Yi ◽  
Dening Lu ◽  
Qian Xie ◽  
Jinxuan Xu ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spline Approximation ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
B Spline ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
Spatial Axis

Global inspection of large-scale tunnels is a fundamental yet challenging task to ensure the structural stability of tunnels and driving safety. Advanced LiDAR scanners, which sample tunnels into 3D point clouds, are making their debut in the Tunnel Deformation Inspection (TDI). However, the acquired raw point clouds inevitably possess noticeable occlusions, missing areas, and noise/outliers. Considering the tunnel as a geometrical sweeping feature, we propose an effective tunnel deformation inspection algorithm by extracting the global spatial axis from the poor-quality raw point cloud. Essentially, we convert tunnel axis extraction into an iterative fitting optimization problem. Specifically, given the scanned raw point cloud of a tunnel, the initial design axis is sampled to generate a series of normal planes within the corresponding Frenet frame, followed by intersecting those planes with the tunnel point cloud to yield a sequence of cross sections. By fitting cross sections with circles, the fitted circle centers are approximated with a B-Spline curve, which is considered as an updated axis. The procedure of “circle fitting and B-SPline approximation” repeats iteratively until convergency, that is, the distance of each fitted circle center to the current axis is smaller than a given threshold. By this means, the spatial axis of the tunnel can be accurately obtained. Subsequently, according to the practical mechanism of tunnel deformation, we design a segmentation approach to partition cross sections into meaningful pieces, based on which various inspection parameters can be automatically computed regarding to tunnel deformation. A variety of practical experiments have demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of our inspection method.

Research Based on Reverse Engineering Technology of Complex Structure Product

2015 ◽  
Vol 741 ◽  
pp. 806-809
Author(s):  
Ai Qin Lin ◽  
Yong Xi He
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Curved Surface ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Working Principle

Introduced reverse engineering technology and working principle. Researched reverse design process of the complex curved surface "spider". The data were collected by means of multiple scanning measuring with laser scanner. Used Geomagic Studio software for date point cloud processed of complex curved surface. Used UG software for surface reconstruction designed. Product reduction and improvement of the design were finished rapidly and high quality. Model of spider was printed with rapid prototyping technology. Compared with physical, the model’s reliability and accuracy were verified by reverse engineering design.Keywords: complex surface; reverse engineering technology; UG; Geomagic Studio software

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