Morphofunctional characteristics of monocytes migration into the skin

2018 ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
С.Л. Кашутин ◽  
К.Г. Вилова ◽  
Л.Л. Шагров ◽  
А.К. Шерстенникова ◽  
В.С. Неклюдова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Reparative Regeneration ◽  
Glass Slide ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Monocyte Migration ◽  
Receptor Apparatus

Регуляторные макрофаги. Различия в функциональной активности макрофагов опосредуются действием активационного сигнала. Естественно полагать, что изменения рецепторного аппарата макрофагов, влечет изменения и в морфологическом плане, как со стороны ядра, так и цитоплазмы. Цель исследования - изучение морфофункциональной характеристики моноцитов, мигрировавших из микроциркуляции. Методика. Морфофункциональную характеристику моноцитов, мигрировавших из микроциркуляции, изучали на модели угревой болезни. Использовано содержимое пустул 68 пациентов с папуло-пустулезной формой угревой болезни. Взятие материала осуществляли петлей Унна и наносили его на предметное стекло. Препарат фиксировали и окрашивали по Романовскому-Гимзе. Микроскопию проводили под увеличением х1000. Результаты. Показано, что к месту воспаления мигрируют в основном собственно моноциты с азурофильной зернистостью и признаками вакуолизации цитоплазмы и ядра. Наибольшую фагоцитарную активность проявляли промоноциты. Заключение. На модели угревой болезни показана неоднородность популяции и различия морфофункциональных характеристик моноцитов, мигрировавших в очаг воспаления. Macrophages are known to either stimulate or reduce inflammation and participate in either destruction or reparative regeneration of tissues. Therefore, based on the monocyte functional activity, they can be grouped into three categories - «proinflammatory», wound-healing, and regulatory macrophages. Differences in the macrophage functional activity are determined by the activation signal. Presumably, changes in the macrophage receptor apparatus are associated with morphological changes in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess morphofunctional characteristics of monocytes after their migration from microvasculature into the tissue. Methods. Morphofunctional characteristics of monocytes were studied on an acne model after the monocyte migration from microvasculature into the skin. The content of pustule collected from 68 patients with papulopustular acne was examined. The material was collected with the Unna’s loop, fixed on a glass slide, stained according to Romanovsky-Giemsa, and examined under a microscope at x1,000 magnification. Results. Most of the recruited dermal monocytes migrating to the site of tissue inflammation were genuine monocytes with typical azurophilic granules and vacuolation of the cytoplasm followed by nuclear vacuolation. The greatest phagocytic activity was observed in promocytes.

The Anti-tumor Activity and Mechanisms of rLj-RGD3 on Human Laryngeal Squamous Carcinoma Hep2 Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 2108-2119
Author(s):  
Yang Jin ◽  
Li Lv ◽  
Shu-Xiang Ning ◽  
Ji-Hong Wang ◽  
Rong Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Dna Ladder ◽  
Western Blot Assay

Background: Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) is a malignant epithelial tumor with poor prognosis and its incidence rate increased recently. rLj-RGD3, a recombinant protein cloned from the buccal gland of Lampetra japonica, contains three RGD motifs that could bind to integrins on the tumor cells. Methods: MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory rate of viability. Giemsa’s staining assay was used to observe the morphological changes of cells. Hoechst 33258 and TUNEL staining assay, DNA ladder assay were used to examine the apoptotic. Western blot assay was applied to detect the change of the integrin signal pathway. Wound-healing assay, migration, and invasion assay were used to detect the mobility of Hep2 cells. H&E staining assay was used to show the arrangement of the Hep2 cells in the solid tumor tissues. Results: In the present study, rLj-RGD3 was shown to inhibit the viability of LSCC Hep2 cells in vitro by inducing apoptosis with an IC50 of 1.23µM. Western blot showed that the apoptosis of Hep2 cells induced by rLj- RGD3 was dependent on the integrin-FAK-Akt pathway. Wound healing, transwells, and western blot assays in vitro showed that rLj-RGD3 suppressed the migration and invasion of Hep2 cells by integrin-FAKpaxillin/ PLC pathway which could also affect the cytoskeleton arrangement in Hep2 cells. In in vivo studies, rLj-RGD3 inhibited the growth, tumor volume, and weight, as well as disturbed the tissue structure of the solid tumors in xenograft models of BALB/c nude mice without reducing their body weights. Conclusion: hese results suggested that rLj-RGD3 is an effective and safe suppressor on the growth and metastasis of LSCC Hep2 cells from both in vitro and in vivo experiments. rLj-RGD3 might be expected to become a novel anti-tumor drug to treat LSCC patients in the near future.

scholarly journals Chronic senescent human mesenchymal stem cells as possible contributor to the wound healing disorder after exposure to the alkylating agent sulfur mustard

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 727-747
Author(s):  
Simone Rothmiller ◽  
Niklas Jäger ◽  
Nicole Meier ◽  
Thimo Meyer ◽  
Adrian Neu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Alkylating Agent ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Age Related

AbstractWound healing is a complex process, and disturbance of even a single mechanism can result in chronic ulcers developing after exposure to the alkylating agent sulfur mustard (SM). A possible contributor may be SM-induced chronic senescent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), unable to fulfil their regenerative role, by persisting over long time periods and creating a proinflammatory microenvironment. Here we show that senescence induction in human bone marrow derived MSCs was time- and concentration-dependent, and chronic senescence could be verified 3 weeks after exposure to between 10 and 40 µM SM. Morphological changes, reduced clonogenic and migration potential, longer scratch closure times, differences in senescence, motility and DNA damage response associated genes as well as increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines were revealed. Selective removal of these cells by senolytic drugs, in which ABT-263 showed initial potential in vitro, opens the possibility for an innovative treatment strategy for chronic wounds, but also tumors and age-related diseases.

scholarly journals Morphological and morphometric changes of bone tissue in patients with osteoporosis and osteomalation

TRAUMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
O.M. Ignatiev ◽  
M.I. Turchyn ◽  
V.A. Ulianov ◽  
T.A. Yermolenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
The Common

Bone tissue was studied in 56 postmenopausal women (mean age 62.30 ± 2.74 years), of which 46 patients who worked in unfavorable working conditions had a decreased bone mineral density (BMD) (osteoporosis (OP) — in 31 women, osteomalacia (OM) — in 13); 10 women had no metabolic changes in bone tissue (BT). A BT scan fragment was obtained during surgery for a fracture of the femoral neck. Non-decalcified QD sections were prepared, the functional activity of the QD cell nuclei was determined using the method of differential staining of nuclei with different functional activity. Morphological changes in OP and OM have both common features and differences. The common is the thinning of the bone rods, the expansion of the canals of osteons, the presence of cell-free areas, and cell-free lacunae. In contrast to OP, OM presents with the thickness and area of the osteoid increase, a less pronounced decrease in oxyphyllin matrix, a higher functional activity of BT cells. A decrease in BMD and the occurrence of low-energy fractures may result not only from OP but also OM. When prescribing treatment, it is necessary to carry out diffe-rential diagnostic measures that determine the cause of the decrease in bone mass.

scholarly journals Histomorphological changes in the rat pancreas after methionine administration

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Rat Pancreas ◽  
Histomorphological Changes

The effectiveness of using various methionine preparations for activating pancreatic function is ambiguous; the reasons may include differences in dosage and duration of methionine administration. The question remains, in what extent the methionine application is efficacious for increasing functional activity of a healthy pancreas. The aim of our study was to investigate morphological changes in pancreas after prolonged administration of methionine. The experiments were carried out on 24 males of Wistar rats at the age of 15 months. During 21 days, the experimental animals received methionine at a daily dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight in addition to the standard diet. Histological preparations were made from pancreatic tissue according to standard method. Morphometry was performed using the computer program «Image J». The rats were taken out of the experiment under ether anesthesia. The studies were carried out in accordance with the provisions of the "European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes" (Strasbourg, 1986). Upon completion of the experiment, histomorphological sings of an increase in functional activity were registered in both exocrine (enlarged acini’s areas and their epithelium height, higher nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of exocrinocytes, and higher number of nucleoli in cell nuclei) and endocrine (enlarged sizes of the Langerhans islets and increased number of endocrinocytes in the islets) parts of the rat pancreas. In the experimental rats, the relative area of ​​the connective tissue and the stromal-parenchyma index of the pancreas, as well as the width of the interlobular and interacinus layers of connective tissue decreased. A decrease in the mass of connective tissue in the pancreas can be considered as one of the signs of its function activation, an improvement in metabolism between acini, and an increase in regenerative capabilities. Thus, additional administration of prophylactic doses of methionine to healthy animals results in distinct morphological signs of increased pancreatic activity.

scholarly journals Application of ECIS to Assess FCCP-Induced Changes of MSC Micromotion and Wound Healing Migration

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Po Chiu ◽  
Yu-Wei Lee ◽  
Ling-Yi Wu ◽  
Tse-Hua Tung ◽  
Sofia Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Extracellular Flux ◽  
Sigmoid Curve ◽  
The Difference

Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is an emerging technique for sensitively monitoring morphological changes of adherent cells in tissue culture. In this study, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were exposed to different concentrations of carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) for 20 h and their subsequent concentration-dependent responses in micromotion and wound healing migration were measured by ECIS. FCCP disrupts ATP synthesis and results in a decrease in cell migration rates. To detect the change of cell micromotion in response to FCCP challenge, time-series resistances of cell-covered electrodes were monitored and the values of variance were calculated to verify the difference. While Seahorse XF-24 extracellular flux analyzer can detect the effect of FCCP at 3 μM concentration, the variance calculation of the time-series resistances measured at 4 kHz can detect the effect of FCCP at concentrations as low as 1 μM. For wound healing migration, the recovery resistance curves were fitted by sigmoid curve and the hill slope showed a concentration-dependent decline from 0.3 μM to 3 μM, indicating a decrease in cell migration rate. Moreover, dose dependent incline of the inflection points from 0.3 μM to 3 μM FCCP implied the increase of the half time for wound recovery migration. Together, our results demonstrate that partial uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation reduces micromotion and wound healing migration of hMSCs. The ECIS method used in this study offers a simple and sensitive approach to investigate stem cell migration and its regulation by mitochondrial dynamics.

scholarly journals Morphological analysis of interstitial Cajal cells and mast cells in experimental hyperactivity bladder and stress incontinence under influence of pharmacocorrection

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
O.I. Iatsyna ◽  
S.V. Vernygorodskyi ◽  
F.I. Kostyev
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cajal Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods

The existing data indicate the multifactorial mechanisms of development of the overactive bladder (OAB) symptom, but the issue of OAB pathogenesis remains unclear. In more recent times, the neurogenic theory of OAB genesis has being accompanied by the increasing attention to the study of morphological changes that occur in the smooth myocytes of the detrusor and their interaction with the extracellular matrix. Therefore, the objective of our study became the evaluation of distribution of interstitial Cajal cells (ICC) and basophilic granulocytes (BG) in the structural elements of the bladder wall under stress urinary incontinence and its overactivity before and after treatment with Mirabegron, Spasmex, Quercetin and combination thereof with testosterone and estradiol, using histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. The experimental models of OAB and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) presented the increase in the amount and functional activity of BG revealed by histological and immunohistochemical methods, as well as ICC at all terms of OAB monitoring, while the SUI presented with high concentration and functional activity of BG only after 14 days of the experiment. After 28 days, we observed a sharp decrease of the parameters, indicating decompensation and depletion of the functional activity. The number of ICC decreased under SUI after both 14 days and 28 days of the experiment. The group of experimental animals receiving Spasmex and its combination with hormones, presented no significant effect on the quantitative and qualitative composition of BG and ICC at OAB and SUI on Day 14 of the experiment, but the combination with testosterone demonstrated statistically reliable (p<0.001) reduction of BG and ICC expression in the muscle layer of the bladder after 14 days, and unreliable after 28 days of the experiment (p>0.05). The administration of Mirabegron alone and especially its combination with testosterone and estradiol presented positive trends in histochemical and immunohistochemical expression of BG and ICC. The experiment proved high efficacy of Quercetin in combination with testosterone and estradiol under OAB and SUI, confirmed by stabilization of the functional activity of BG and ICC quantitative composition.

scholarly journals Secretion and the Golgi apparatus in the cells of the islets of Langerhans

1927 ◽  
Vol 101 (706) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Islets Of Langerhans ◽  
Adrenal Medulla ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
General Statement ◽  
Endocrine Organs

Observations on the cells of the thyroid and of the adrenal medulla of animals placed under conditions which are known to stimulate the functional activity of these organs, have rendered it possible to correlate the functional activity of these endocrine cells with definite morphological changes, both as regards form and size of these cells, and their finer cytological structure, especially mitochondria and Golgi apparatus. Conversely, by excluding stimulating factors, it has been possible to produce a condition of rest in these endocrine organs in which the cells present a fairly uniform appearance. It is unnecessary to refer to these changes in detail, as they have been described and figured in several publications (Cramer, Cramer and Ludford). It is sufficient to make the general statement that in these two glands the functional activity of the cells manifests itself by morphological changes, which may be very considerable. In the present investigations we have attempted to apply these considerations to a study of the islets of Langerhans. So far it has not been possible to obtain experimental evidence of the factors which control the secretory activity of the islets. From the beginning we meet here with the difficulty that the cells of the islets of animals, such as the rat, mouse and cat, on which our observations were made, present very marked differences in the size and arrangement of the cells, and also in their finer cytological structure, although the animals have been kept under apparently identical conditions. That is true not only if we compare the islets of animals of the same species, but even if we compare the islets in the pancreas of one and the same individual, or even the different cells in one and the same islet.

scholarly journals Effects of Propofol on Several Membrane Characteristics of Cervical Cancer Cell Lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Changsong Wang ◽  
Yinghua Cui ◽  
Shuping Li ◽  
Yuanfei Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Membrane Ultrastructure

Background: Although significant advances have been made toward understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of propofol on tumor cell metastasis, less is known regarding how cell membrane and cytoskeletal ultrastructure are affected in this process. Here, we investigated the relationship between cell morphology and cell size, which are features mainly defined by the cytoskeleton. Methods: To confirm the effects of propofol on the migratory ability of human cervical carcinoma cells, cell migration and invasion were examined through scratch wound healing and transwell membrane assays. Furthermore, HeLa cells cultivated with different concentrations of propofol were examined by confocal microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the mean optical density and migration ability of these cells were also assessed. In addition, cell membrane morphology was inspected using AFM. Results: The results of the wound healing and transwell membrane assays indicated that propofol decreases the migratory ability of cervical carcinoma cells compared to control cells. A comparative analysis of the test results revealed that short-term (3 h) exposure to propofol induced marked changes in cell membrane microstructure and in the cytoskeleton in a dose-dependent manner. These morphological changes in the cell membrane were accompanied by cytoskeleton (F-actin) derangement. The present findings demonstrate a close relationship between changes in cell membrane ultrastructure and cytoskeletal alterations (F-actin) in propofol-treated HeLa cells. AFM scanning analysis showed that cell membrane ultrastructure was significantly changed, including a clear reduction in membrane roughness. Conclusion: The influence of propofol on the HeLa cell cytoskeleton can be directly reflected by changes in cellular morphology, as assessed by AFM. Moreover, the use of AFM is a good method for investigating propofol-mediated changes within cytoskeletal ultrastructure.

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