scholarly journals A TORQUE OF EARLY ROMAN TIME FROM KALINOVO (KALININGRAD REGION, RUSSIA): THE COMPOSITION OF ENAMEL AND DATA ON CHRONOLOGY AND ORIGIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 422-436
Author(s):  
К. Н. Скворцов ◽  
О. С. Румянцева ◽  
Д. А. Ханин
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
High Copper ◽  
Roman Time ◽  
Technological Tradition ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Enamel Composition ◽  
Comprehensive Studies

В статье рассмотрен химический состав и техника нанесения красной эмали гривны, производной от типа Хавор, происходящей из могильника Калиново самбийско-натангийской культуры (Калининградская обл.). Гривна датирована второй половиной I - второй третью II в. н. э. Установлено, что эмаль была изготовлена по «кельтскому» рецепту с высоким содержанием меди и свинца. Однако если состав в данном случае является скорее хронологическим, чем культурноопределяющим признаком, то его сочетание с техникой нанесения эмали (в прорезные углубления-насечки) заставляет искать прототипы данного украшения среди образцов кельтского эмальерного ремесла. Данные о хронологии и технологической традиции, в которой изготовлена гривна, полученные на основании стилистического анализа и состава эмали, хорошо согласуются с результатами комплекса исследований, посвященных данной находке. The article considers the chemical composition and technique of applying the red enamel on the torque derived from the Havor type, originating from the cemetery of Kalinovo of Sambian-Natangian culture (Kaliningrad region). The torque dates back to the second half of I - second third of II c. AD. The enamel was produced using «Celtic» recipe with high copper and lead content. The composition of the enamel in this case is rather chronological than a culturally determining indication. However, its combination with the technique of enamelling (in the slotted recessing notches) gives grounds to search for the prototypes of this decoration among the samples of the Celtic enamel craft. The data on the chronology and technological tradition in which the torque was made, obtained on the basis of stylistic analysis and data on the enamel composition, well agree with the results of a comprehensive studies of this find.

MUELLER ALLOY 3140

Alloy Digest ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Copper ◽  
Screw Machine

Abstract MUELLER Alloy 3140 is a high-copper alloy with moderate strength, a rich bronze color and excellent corrosion resistance. Its lead content gives it excellent machinability which makes it suitable for screw-machine applications. Its uses include many screw-machine products, decorative hardware, pickling crates and parts to resist severe atmospheric conditions. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-451. Producer or source: Mueller Brass Company.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATERWATER IN THE SLAVSKY DISTRICT OF THE KALININGRAD REGION BY HYDROLOGICAL SEASONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-436
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Spirin ◽  
S.I. Zotov ◽  
V.S. Taran ◽  
Yu.V. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Hydrochemical Data ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the work is to research the chemical composition of surface watercourses in the Slavsky district of the Kaliningrad region in the winter hydrological season, and to compare the results with the data previously obtained by the authors for the autumn hydrological season and partly for the summer hydrological season. Watercourses and monitoring points for research have been identified: r. Zlaya, r. Shluzovaya, r. Nemoninka and r. Osa. In the winter season, water samples were taken, hydrometric characteristics were measured, and primary hydrochemical indicators were determined. On the basis of the obtained hydrochemical data, integral indicators were calculated to assess the quality of water, using combined lists of maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants. When monitoring hydrochemical indicators, it was revealed that the studied watercourses are, to one degree or another, subject to pollution. The water quality class in them varies from "moderately polluted" to "extremely dirty". When comparing the seasons, a tendency was revealed to improve the quality of water, which is associated with the water content of rivers, as well as with the cycles of natural and anthropogenic activity. The work has theoretical and practical significance. The data can participate in the planning of rational use of natural resources and the selection of measures to improve the geoecological state of the river network of the Slavsky region. The research can serve as a supplement to the formation of the general geoecological picture of the Kaliningrad region.

Compositional and Stylistic Analysis of Aztec-Era Ceramics: Provincial Strategies at the Edge of Empire, South-Central Veracruz, Mexico

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanet Skoglund ◽  
Barbara L. Stark ◽  
Hector Neff ◽  
Michael D. Glascock
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Postclassic Period ◽  
South Central ◽  
Basin Of Mexico ◽  
Late Postclassic ◽  
Provincial Capital

We use a provincial perspective combined with compositional and stylistic data and historic accounts to propose three provincial strategies for imperial interactions—bolstering, resistance, and emulation—and note a fourth, exodus. A sample of three Late Postclassic period (A.D. 1350–1521) pottery types differs in chemical composition between two localities in south-central Veracruz, Mexico. Sherds from the Aztec provincial capital of Cuetlaxtlan along the lower Cotaxtla River are compared to those from the Lower Blanco River where Callejón del Horno is located. The composition of stamped-base bowls, Texcoco Molded censers, and Aztec III-style Black-on-orange bowls is distinct in samples from the two localities, with only scant evidence of exchange. A few vessels of Aztec III Black-on-orange were imported from the Basin of Mexico to Cuetlaxtlan. The stylistic characteristics on Aztec III-style Black-on-orange vessels do not distinguish the two Veracruz localities, but there are differences between them and illustrated vessels from the Basin of Mexico. The Cuetlaxtlan province was subject to unusual imperial investments, which may account partly for the emulation of imperial styles. Despite documentary evidence of rebellions, another factor was local decisions to use a prestigious exogenous style.

scholarly journals Air Pollution Monitoring in the south-east baltic using the epiphytic lichen hypogymnia physodes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Koroleva ◽  
Vladimir Revunkov
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Impact

Epiphytic lichens are well-known indicators of air contamination. The chemical composition of lichens is affected by the concentration of pollutants in the environment. Usually, researchers assess long-term variations in trace elements or other pollutants in the study area or identify the spatial features of air contamination. The aim of this study is to create a database of trace element concentrations in the samples of the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes growing in the Kaliningrad region. The database can be used as a ‘reference point’ for monitoring studies. Another objective is to identify the spatial patterns of iron, manganese, nickel, cadmium, silver, lead, strontium, rubidium, and calcium in the Kaliningrad region. The samples of wild lichens were collected from pine and birch trees 1.2-1.8 m from the bases of the threes, using a regular grid, in August 2010. One-two-year-old thalli were used in the chemical analysis. The metals Ag, Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Zn were determined by AAS (Mn, Fe by flame AAS and the others by ETA-AAS) and the elements Sr, Rb, and Ca by X-ray fluorescence. The concentration of metals in the western coastal area (the Sambian or Kaliningrad Peninsula) is higher than it is in the central and eastern parts of the region. Principal component factor analysis was carried out to detect and characterise different pollution sources and to identify the most polluted areas. The factors of metal emission were described. The authors examined the features of the spatial distribution of trace elements. Prevailing winds are form south-west. Therefore, the highest concentrations of trace elements were found on the Sambian peninsula and on the coasts of the Vistula and Curonian Lagoons. The high concentrations of trace elements in the samples of the lichen H.physodes, which were observed in the coastal part of the region, are associated with human impact and subsequent pollution. The chemical composition of lichens on the Sambian peninsula may have developed under the impact of both local pollution sources – vehicles, thermal energy facilities, and ports – and such factors as transboundary traffic and sea spray.

The Chemical Composition of the Sun and the Solar System

1968 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Aller
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Quantitative Chemical ◽  
Comprehensive Studies

A knowledge of the quantitative chemical composition of the primordial solar system must underlie all comprehensive studies of its origin and evolution. Usually we take the composition of the surface layers (photosphere) of the Sun as representative of this composition (except perhaps for deuterium, Li, B, and Be).

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEEDS OF PLANTS LUPINUS ANGUSTIFOLIUS L. AND LUPINUS ALBUS L. OF THE KALININGRAD REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Svetlana Viktorovna Agafonova ◽  
Artem Igorevich Rykov
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Lupinus Albus L

The aim of the work was to study the chemical composition of seeds of plants Lupinus albus L., Lupinus angustifolius L., growing in the Kaliningrad region. Lupin is a promising crop due to the high content of biologically valuable protein in its seeds, as well as minerals, unsaturated fatty acids, water - and fat-soluble biologically active substances. The paper considers the amino acid, mineral, and fatty acid composition of seeds, presents data on the content of water-soluble vitamins in them, and shows the component composition of chloroform extracts of seeds. The total number of amino acids (47.72±0.37 and 38.655±0.32%, respectively) was found in the seeds of narrow-leaved and white lupine, and a high content of glutamic acid and asparagine was found. The macronutrient composition, which is dominated by potassium, phosphorus and calcium, was studied. Among the microelements of seeds, manganese, iron, zinc and silicon predominate. A particularly high content of manganese in white lupin seeds (192.14±1.67 mg per 100 g) was noted. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of lupin seed oils showed a high degree of unsaturation with a high content of oleic and linoleic acids. Both types of lupine contain thiamine, pyridoxine, and niacin, while white lupine seeds also contain Pantothenic and folic acids. Сhromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the fraction isolated by chloroform from lupine seeds showed the presence of substances of the terpenes class (farnesene, neofitadiene, γ-tocopherol) and steriodic alcohols (campesterol, β-sitosterol).

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

On the Inhomogeneity of Chemical Composition over the Surface of 21 Per

1976 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 343-349
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Glagolevsky ◽  
K.I. Kozlova ◽  
V.S. Lebedev ◽  
N.S. Polosukhina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Spectral Line ◽  
Variable Star ◽  
Radial Velocities ◽  
Crimean Astrophysical Observatory ◽  
Line Intensities ◽  
Magnetic Variable

SummaryThe magnetic variable star 21 Per has been studied from 4 and 8 Å/mm spectra obtained with the 2.6 - meter reflector of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory. Spectral line intensities (Wλ) and radial velocities (Vr) have been measured.

Structural Studies on Mitotic Spindle Fibres

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-626
Author(s):  
J.R. Mcintosh
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Medical Interest ◽  
Spindle Fibres

The mitotic apparatus is a structure of obvious biological and medical interest, but it has proved to be a difficult cellular machine to understand. The chemical composition of the spindle is only slightly elucidated, largely because of the difficulties in preparing useful isolates of the structure. Chemical studies of the mitotic spindle have been reviewed elsewhere (Mcintosh, 1977), and will not be discussed further here. One would think that structural studies on the mitotic apparatus (MA) in situ would be straightforward, but even with this approach there is some disagreement in the results obtained with various methods and by different investigators. In this paper I will review briefly the approaches which have been used in structural studies of the MA, pointing out the strengths and problems of each approach. I will summarize the principal findings of the different methods, and identify what seem to be fruitful avenues for further work.

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