“Timiryazevskaya 42” — new variety of spring triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm. ex. Camus)

Author(s):  
О.А. Щуклина ◽  
А.А. Соловьёв ◽  
Е.С. Полховская ◽  
В.Е. Квитко ◽  
И.Н. Клименкова ◽  
...  

Исследования выполнены в 2008–2021 годах в ФГБОУ ВО «РГАУ–МСХА им. К. А. Тимирязева» (г. Москва), ФГБУН «Главный ботанический сад им. Н. В. Цицина РАН» (Московская обл., Истринский р-н) и ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной биотехнологии» (г. Москва). Целью исследований являлось создание нового конкурентного сорта яровой тритикале, обладающего комплексом хозяйственно ценных признаков, пригодного для кормления и хлебопечения. Исходным материалом для создания служили сортообразцы, полученные из коллекции ВИР, селекционных учреждений страны, и авторские линии, отобранные из гибридных популяций, созданных с помощью внутривидовой и отдалённой гибридизации. В статье представлен новый конкурентный сорт яровой тритикале (× Triticosecale Wittm. ex. Camus) Тимирязевская 42, переданный на государственной сортоиспытание в 2019 году. Он был создан совместными усилиями коллектива авторов Главного ботанического сада им. Н. В. Цицина РАН и Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института сельскохозяйственной биотехнологии. Сорт предназначен для возделывания в условиях Центрального, Центрально-Чернозёмного, Средневолжского, Северо-Кавказского и Волго-Вятского регионов. Гексаплоид. Колос белый, средней плотности, полностью остистый. Время колошения среднее. Высота растений перед уборкой — 85–95 см. Тимирязевская 42 обладает комплексом хозяйственно ценных признаков: урожайность — 3,5–5,5 т/га, содержание белка — 12–14%, клейковины — 16–18%. Устойчив к полеганию. Вегетационный период — 91–95 дней. Сорт устойчив к мучнистой росе, листовой и стеблевой ржавчине, спорынье. Хорошо поддаётся механизированной уборке. Отзывчив на внесение минеральных удобрений. Для возделывания сорта в ЦРНЗ рекомендуется полуинтенсивная и интенсивная технологии возделывания с внесением азотных удобрений в предпосевную культивацию не менее 120–150 кг/га д.в. азота. The research was caried out at the Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University (Moscow), Leading Botanical Garden n. a. N. V. Tsitsin (the Moscow region, Istrinskiy district) and All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (Moscow) in 2008–2021. The aim was to breed new competitive variety of spring triticale carrying the number of economically important traits that can be used both for livestock feeding and bread baking. The initial material — genotypes obtained from the collection of the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Breeding Institutions and hybrid populations of intra- and interspecific hybridization. The article reports on new competitive variety of spring triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm. ex. Camus) “Timiryazevskaya 42” that was sent to a State Variety Trial in 2019. The variety was obtained by the collaboration of the Leading Botanical Garden n. a. N. V. Tsitsin and All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology. “Timiryazevskaya 42” is adapted to the conditions of the Central, Central-Chernozem, Middle Volga, North Caucasian and Volga-Vyatka regions. The variety is hexaploid and has awned white head of medium density. Heading time is average. Plant height before harvesting — 85–95 cm. “Timiryazevskaya 42” yields 3.5–5.5 t ha-1 of grain, contains 12–14% of protein and 16–18% of gluten. It is resistant to lodging. Growing season amounts to 91–95 days. The variety shows good tolerance to powdery mildew, leaf and stem rusts as well as ergot. It is suitable for mechanized harvesting and responds well to mineral fertilization. In order to cultivate the variety in the Central Non-Chernozem region semi-intensive and intensive technologies are recommended including the application of minimum 120–150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen prior to seeding

Author(s):  
S. D. Knyazev ◽  
М. F. Tsoy ◽  
O. V. Panfilova

The article presents the history of creation, formation and development of the oldest horticultural institution in Russia - Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. For 175 years, the name of the institution has been changed many times, but its main activity - breeding of fruit crops-has remained unchanged. Currently, the Institute conducts full-scale breeding research on 15 fruit and berry crops, using classical and modern methods and techniques to create highly adaptive, competitive and environmentally sustainable cultivars. To date, 189 cultivars of fruit and berry crops have been created, of which 137 are included in the State register of breeding achievements approved for use. In 2014 the publication of the five-volume work of “Pomology” was completed, which presents a pomological description of cultivars of fruit, berry, nut and rare crops included in all regions of Russia in the State register of breeding achievements approved for use and best cultivars that are passing the state test. The Institute has three main departments of breeding and varietal agronomic practice of pome, stone and berry crops, as well as 8 laboratories. Employees of the Institute work in accordance with the program of fundamental scientific research developed by the government of the Russian Federation for 2013-2020, "State program of agricultural development for 2013-2020" - import substitution of fruit products and "Ensuring the conservation of plant genetic resources", and also actively work towards the production of healthy planting material of pure varieties for fruit and berry crops. The Institute actively works in the direction of international collaboration with major breeding institutions in Europe, Asia and North America, as well as promotes the results of its activities at annual scientific conferences and exhibitions of various ranks. The Institute is a holder of 3 Grants from the RSF and RFBR, as well as a participant in 4 International Projects: FruitBreedomics, VINQUEST, ECPGR PomeFruit_C&E, and DROUGHT. In conclusion, it is noted that the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding is able to set and solve important tasks in the direction of the development of domestic horticulture.


Russian vine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
N.V. Matveeva ◽  
◽  
M.V. Bahmetova ◽  

The paper presents the results of technological evaluation of red wine varieties breeded by All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking: Vesta, Cherny, Zhemchug, Au-gusta, Teremnoy, Mugofir. These varieties are characterized by high sugar accumulation. Li-queur wines were prepared using classical tech-nology. The research was conducted in the la-boratory of wine technology in micro-wine production. The weight of one batch of grapes was 10–25 kg. The main physical and chemical parameters of wort and wine were determined. Wine distillate was used as an alcoholic agent. For maintaining and enhancing the varietal aroma of grapes we used technology of frac-tional alcoholization. With the help of degusta-tions, organoleptic characteristics of the ob-tained samples of liqueur wines were carried out, as a result of which preliminary conclusions were made about the feasibility of using the studied varieties for the preparation of red li-queur wines. All the studied grape varieties can be recommended for the production of liqueur wines, pink and red.


Russian vine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
N.A. Sirotkina ◽  

The article presents research data on the de-pendence between the yield and quality of grapes and shoot load. The studies were car-ried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko, Novocherkassk, Rostov re-gion. On the root-own vineyards of the Per-venets Magaracha variety tolerant to phyllox-era, the following load rates were studied: 30; 35; 40; 45 shoots per bush. For two years of research, the maximum yield was obtained in plantations with a load of 45 shoots per plant: in 2019 - 23.2; in 2020 - 14.7 t / ha with the mass concentration of sugars in berry juice 183 and 170 g / dm3, respectively. The best indicators of the quality of grapes were marked in the variant with the minimum load of shoots in the experiment: the mass concen-tration of sugars in berry juice was 196 g / dm3 in 2019 and 180 g / dm3 in 2020; the concentration of titratable acids was 7.6 and 8.8 g / dm3, respectively.


2008 ◽  
pp. 87-87
Author(s):  
E.G. Dobrutskaya ◽  
F.B. Musaev ◽  
M.M. Tareeva

At department of ecology of All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production the adaptive capacity through bean accessions has been analyzed. As a summarized result for 3 years of observation, Rashel and 6 KSI have been determined as cultivar types with high adaptive capacity for a yielding characteristic and seed production. The mentioned types have been proven to be cultivated wide spread in different growing, soil and farming conditions without any risk of yield and quality reduction.


Author(s):  
N. M. Gutieva

This article presents the results of research on search and introduction of natural species of pelargonium in the humid subtropical zone of Russia. Many members of the genus Pelargonium are highly ornamental and well adapted to new growing conditions. On the basis of the Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, a collection of pelargonium was formed, which has about 200 accessions, includes species, varieties of domestic and foreign breeding (159 samples) and hybrid forms of great interest for breeding work. Hybrid Fund contains 50 promising hybrids, 17 of which are elite forms. According to the classification refined in 2014 by the German scientist J. Roeschenbleck it has representatives of all four branches (A, B, C1 and C2), four subgenera and 6 sections. Subgenus Pelargonium: Pelargonium section and Otidia; subgenus Parvulipetala: sections Peristera and Reniformia; subgenus Magnipetala: section Myrrhidium; subgenus Paucisignata: section Ciconium. The objects of research are the species of pelargonium sections of the Pelargonium, Peristera and Myrridium. A unified description of rare and promising species of pelargonium is given. Phenological phases of species pelargonium development were established. Peculiarities of their growth and reproduction under new growing conditions were studied. Species most adapted for cultivation in the humid subtropics of southern Russia were identified on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of ornamentality and biological features. Maximum points (80) according to the General ornamental effect was observed in three types: P. сordifolium, P. fruticosum, P. canariensе. Pelargonium canariensе and fruticosum are long-flowering (more than 100 days), aromatic, resistant to biotic and abiotic stressors. P. australe, P.canariensе, Р. exstipulatum and P. cordifolium can be used in breeding as sources of useful traits.


2012 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
V.F. Pivovarov

The article summarizes the work undertaken in the Institute for last five years. VNIISSOK is a leader in the field of breeding and seed production of vegetable crops. Staff of the Institute solve a query of producers for food supply security in Russia.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (60) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Aleksey Vladimirovich Ryndin ◽  
◽  
Tsiala Vladimirovna Tutberidze ◽  
Тina Davidovna Besedina ◽  
◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document