Abkhazian Fairy Tales About a Wonderful Assistant

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Мадонна Фрикановна Пилия
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Dead Person ◽  
Ancient Times

В статье рассматриваются сказки о чудесном помощнике. После того как герой хоронит мертвеца, дежурит у могилы отца, спасает рыбу, лосося, у него появляются чудесные помощники, которые в знак благодарности помогают ему жениться на царевне, спасают от гибели и т. д. В абхазских волшебных сказках данный сказочный сюжет встречается в нескольких вариантах. Также герой с помощью отрубленных голов змей узнает своего помощника, а благодаря платку и клейму о подвигах героя узнает и сам государь. В конце чудесные помощники (мертвец, рыба, лосось) предлагают герою «разделить» девушку, изо рта которой выходили змеи. Направляют свою шашку в ее сторону, и когда она кричит от испуга, из ее рта выходят части тел змей, и они убивают их, таким образом «очищая» девушку от змей, которые убивали всех ее женихов. Абхазы с давних времен и до настоящего времени после смерти человека совершают различные ритуалы, чтобы угодить покойнику, чтобы душа не тревожилась и обрела вечный покой. Следы некоторых ритуалов отражаются и в сюжетах абхазских волшебных сказках о чудесном помощнике. This article examines fairy tales involving wonderful assistants. After the hero buries a dead person, stands guard at his father’s grave, or saves a fish, miraculous helpers appear, who, help him marry a princess, save him from death, and so on, sometimes as a token of gratitude (e. g., for setting a fish free). In Abkhazian fairy tales, this plot appears in several versions. With the help of severed heads of snakes, the hero recognizes his helper, and thanks to a scarf and a mark the sovereign himself learns about the hero’s deeds. At the end, wonderful helpers (a dead person, a fish or specifically a salmon) propose that the hero “separate” a girl: they point their sabers in her direction, and when she screams in fright, snakes (or parts of them) come out of her mouth and they kill them. In this way they “cleanse” the girl from the snakes that had killed all of her suitors. After someone’s death, Abkhazians from ancient times to the present have performed various rituals in order to placate the deceased, so that the soul does not fret and can find eternal peace. Traces of some of these rituals are reflected in the plots of Abkhazian fairy tales about wonderful helpers.

scholarly journals The Image of BREAD in Lithuanian Dictionaries

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-268
Author(s):  
Irena Smetonienė
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Value System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Maple Leaves ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Main Meal ◽  
Intensive Work ◽  
Cultural Message

The bread in one form or another has been known to people all over the world. Linguistic data and rites show that the Lithuanians have been eating bread since ancient times. Bread is mentioned in the small-form verbal folklore, songs, sagas, fairy tales, beliefs and various rites. In ancient times the bread was personalised and deified. The examples from the dialect dictionaries were also included into the research because every dialectal saying is an example of cultural message, manifestation of tradition nurturance and preservation, a part of cultural heritage, which links the past with the present. The dialectal examples show, what is deep-rooted in the tradition, what is passed down from generation to generation, what lies in the traditional value system and what makes the essence of an ethnic group. Due to these reasons the dialectal texts have a huge public or cultural value as they denote a content that is significant to a certain community. Having completed the analysis of dialectal discourse, it can be stated that various dictionaries construct the following picture of the concept bread: bread is the main meal of people, it is baked from different kinds of cereal flours, it is respected and saved, it has healing powers; the bread baked at home is the most delicious; if there is no bread, a person starves; to have bread all the time one has to work hard because baking bread is labour-intensive work, which has to be performed with knowledge and love, to make bread delicious and fragrant, calamus, cabbage or maple leaves are put under a loaf of bread, it is decorated or marked with sacred signs; an individual equals bread with human activity and appearance; bread is a measure of life, a reference point for evaluating certain actions. The place of bread in the human life is reflected by derivates as well: special things, capacities for mixing, souring, baking, slicing or keeping bread; other meals prepared from bread.

Even epic tradition: collection, local specificity, characteristic features

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Sardana I. Sharina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Epic Tradition ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Plot Structure ◽  
Systematic Collection

The paper is devoted to the Even epic samples of nimkans, a stable and well-established system with an oral form transmitted from generation to generation by storytellers since ancient times. In the epic tradition of the Evens, the song-prose and prose epic coexist to the present day, while earlier there was also a true song epic, performed entirely in song form. Nimkan is the name of the whole epic, with the standard being a prose narrative with song form dialogues presented by a nimkalan. The Even epic tale samples have been present in the scientific turnover since the 18th century. The systematic collection and publication of Even folklore began in the 1930s. According to the recording place, dialectal affiliation, linguistic and ethnographic facture, the author systematizes and classifies local groups, including five types of epic tradition representation: the Okhotsky epic, the Momsky epic, the Kolymsky epic, the Oymyakon-Tomponsky epic, and the Northern epic. Epic works are described in terms of plot structure, poetics, and their relation to other genres (fairy tales and legends). One of the distinctive features of the Even epic is the plausibility of the content. There is no indication of the hero’s ethnicity or genealogy, there being many nameless heroes. The Even epic features a lack of poetic means. Unlike fairy tales, it was not influenced by the eastern and northeastern neighbors’ folklore - the Yukaghirs, Chukchi, or Koryaks. The Yakut vocabulary in the Even epic is not numerous and refers to borrowings associated with communicative practices.

Totemic symbol, character of Russian tales – bear

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Coumba Cisse
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Folk Belief ◽  
Ancient India ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Made In ◽  
Animal World

The research is about the most ancient symbolism of a bear in Russian folk tales, the analysis of the bear image anthropocentrism in these fairy tales is carried out, the results of the bear’s study as a totemic symbol and a Russian fairy tale character are presented, an attempt to prove cult significance of the bear for the society of the entire ancient Slavic ethnos and its status as an elder of the ancient Slavic ancestral family is made. In ancient times, people believed in the existence of a kinship between a human and a bear, since the behavior and appearance of a bear resembled a person more than other representatives of the animal world (this is because the Slavs were not familiar with primates, as in ancient India): according to a folk-belief, the bear loves and nurses his children, eats the same food as a man, he does not have a tail, like other animals; he walks on his hind legs and can dance, so in fairy tales he is assigned the role of a landowner and a defender. However, he is deceived in many fairy tales, because the bear is the owner, the king of the forest, so he is associated with the chief and the landowner, and according to Russian folk ideas, the chief, in fact, is more stupid than a simple man.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE NATURE OF ORNITOLOGISM IN KAZAKH TALES

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
S. Zhirenov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Cognitive Value ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Linguistic Aspect

The article analyzes the linguistic features of ornithologisms in Kazakh tales from a linguistic and cognitive point of view. The role of ornithologisms in the Kazakh culture is studied through the text of fairy tales, and also reflects the characteristics of the bird world in the worldview of the ethnic group. An integral part of ethnic culture are fairy tales. The texts of these tales represent a linguistic unity that reflects the characteristics of the national mentality and its cognitive features. Fairy-tale texts describe the linguistic nature of the ancient genre, which reflects the worldview, ethical traditions and lifestyle, customs and psychology of the whole nation. Tales with ornithological features are given linguistic characteristics, and their cognitive value is considered in the linguistic aspect. The article discusses the role of birds from ancient times in the life of the Kazakh people and their interaction with nature. A large number of text materials based on the linguistic materials of Kazakh fairy tales are analyzed in detail.

scholarly journals Distinctive features of horizontal and vertical symbols in fairy tales and specificity of their reproduction in translation

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
World View ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Primitive People ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Right

Orientation in space plays an essential role for a human being in the view of his / her life. Beginning from the ancient times, people explored space through horizontal and later vertical dimensions. This led to symbolization of objects that surrounded them. Complete reflection of symbols of space, in particular, horizontal and vertical symbols, is concisely traced in the fairy tale genre. Being one of the archaic forms of folklore, the fairy tale co-opted various elements of mythological beliefs of primitive people, their cognition and way of life, and later was supplemented by individual idiosyncratic elements of the world view. Symbols of both dimensions actualize primary (physical) and secondary meanings (which are also signified by evaluative, moral and ethical, as well as ecclesiastically religious meanings). The most frequently used vertical and horizontal symbols in the fairy tales are those actualized according to the “right” / “left” and “top” / “bottom” criteria. Despite relatively extended research in the field of fairy tale symbols, there are few studies which deal with the issue of conveying vertical and horizontal symbols into the target language. The aim of the article is to highlight the ways of rendering vertical and horizontal symbols taken from English and Ukrainian fairy tales, and to assess adequacy of their reproduction in the target language. According to the results of the research, it can be concluded that due to its universal character, the symbols of vertical and horizontal space are easily rendered into the receiving cultures. However, adequate reproduction of vertical and horizontal symbols requires identification of their role in a certain fairy tale text, and, consequently, the importance of their rendering into the target language.

MEMBUDAYAKAN LITERASI PADA ANAK USIA DINI DENGAN METODE MENDONGENG

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Lilis Sumaryanti
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Many ◽  
Self Potential ◽  
Reading Interest

In an increasingly sophisticated era of globalization, the challenges of the times demand that all be developed, including having broad knowledge and knowledge and supported by positive habituation, namely by cultivating literacy in everyday life. The process of introducing and planting literacy must begin at an early age so that this habituation can be inherent in each individual. Consumptive souls who want everything to be instantaneous by utilizing certain tools to simplify work and can make time efficient become obstacles for the community to cultivate literacy. This problem causes the reading interest of the next generation to decline. Literary works have been known since ancient times. Evidenced by the many works that have been produced, one of them is a fairy tale. Fairy tales are literacy works produced by previous ancestors as a form of literary culture. The creation of this tale is an effort to move the culture of literacy of the next generation. Literacy culture by reading fairy tales is an effort of parents to help early childhood in developing self-potential and teach life experiences because in the "golden age" children develop in imitation.

Therapeutic fairy tale as a tool supporting educational work of the teacher

2019 ◽  
Vol 577 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Anna Witkowska-Tomaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
The World ◽  
Adult World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Use of fairy tales as a therapeutic tool dates back to ancient times because Greeks already used fairy tales as a tool to impact human emotions, attitudes and behavior. By fairy tales, children make a parallel between themselves and the protagonists and through the protagonists’ experiences they develop their own cognitive, emotional or social competencies necessary to deal with specifi c situations in their own lives. Interestingly – as stressed by B. Bettelheim – children select from fairy tales things they are ready for, what they can handle at a given moment, at the level they need. Fairy tales are therefore an important tool for children to learn about the world and I would even say that they are “tools for social and cultural decoding” which help children to get to know and understand the adult world. On the other hand, they are tools that enables adults to discover what is happening in the children’s minds of. Thus, a question arises, what kinds of therapeutic fairy tales exist. How to prepare a fairy tale? How can they be used in everyday educational work? This article presents a method of preparing a therapeutic fairy tale and examples of using fairy tales in educational work with children.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE-TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TERMS OF FOLK ART

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
Ubaydullaeva Maftuna Azamatovna
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Folk Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

 This article discusses the comparative-typological analysis of Uzbek and Kyrgyz literary terms and the comparison of terms in Uzbek and Kyrgyz school textbooks. The article pays special attention to the formation of a number of literary terms and the content-based analysis of textbooks as a result of the development of the literary language and literary criticism of the two fraternal peoples. In the process of analysis, it is observed that in textbooks, many common terms, such as proverbs, riddles, parables, fairy tales, proverbs, nicknames, riddles, jokes, jokes, belong to the folklore. In general, our work examines from a comparative-typological point of view that most of the literary terms that appeared in the history of the two fraternal peoples in ancient times are still used today.

The motive of God's loss in Ukrainian fairy tales

2001 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
V. Yatchenko
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Point Of View

If we approach the analysis of fairy tales from the point of view of revealing in them a metaphysical dimension of human intentions, then in their subjects one can identify several paradigms. The most important of these should include, in particular, the following: the combination of man with the deity (God); the loss of God's person as a result of her violation of some conditions for coexistence with God; the search for the lost man of God and the rejoining of him. These through-world ideological paradigms, embodied in specific themes (plots), may be adjoined in the same tale, and may exist separately, encompassing all of its plot. All the above applies to Ukrainian fairy tales.

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