scholarly journals Evolution of nitrogen mineralization dynamics and bean production with three different organic amendments in the arid soil of south Tunisia

Italus Hortus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Nissaf Karbout ◽  
Houda Beser ◽  
Latifa Dhaouidi ◽  
Mohamad Wahba ◽  
Mohamed Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
One Year ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
The Impact

Although the importance of organic amendments on arid soils of semi-arid and arid lands in improving long-term soil fertility, the excessive use of these amendments may induce the mineralization of the soil’s native organic components. Thus, this study focused on the examination of the impact of the use of three different amendments, sewage sludge, compost, and horse manure on nitrogen soil dynamics as well on the physico-chemical characteristics (soil texture, nitrogen cycle, and carbon concentration) and plant characteristics (morphology and production). In this context, the present work discusses one of the major issues challenging sustainable agriculture development related to increasing land degradation, soil salinization, and fertility loss. The three amendments were applied on the soil collected at the Institute of Arid Regions of Gabes. The findings of these experimental trials indicated that compost seems to be the most valuable organic amendment that may be used for an adequate supply of nitrogen and optimal benefits for plant growth. The highest mineral nitrogen content was found in the treatment with sludge. The manure-based treatment had the highest carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N=25). The effects of the amendments were well reflected in the growth and production of bean plants after one year from the amendment. An increase in biomass was observed in the amended pots. The highest increase in pods biomass was obtained in the pots amended with sewage sludge and vegetable compost followed by household manure treatment

scholarly journals Optimal Solutions for the Use of Sewage Sludge on Agricultural Lands

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Catalina Iticescu ◽  
Puiu-Lucian Georgescu ◽  
Maxim Arseni ◽  
Adrian Rosu ◽  
Mihaela Timofti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

The use of sewage sludge in agriculture decreases the pressure on landfills. In Romania, massive investments have been made in wastewater treatment stations, which have resulted in the accumulation of important quantities of sewage sludge. The presence of these sewage sludges coincides with large areas of degraded agricultural land. The aim of the present article is to identify the best technological combinations meant to solve these problems simultaneously. Adapting the quality and parameters of the sludge to the specificity of the land solves the possible compatibility problems, thus reducing the impact on the environment. The physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented sludge were monitored and optimal solutions for their treatment were suggested so as to allow that the sludge could be used in agriculture according to the characteristics of the soils. The content of heavy metals in the sewage sludge was closely monitored because the use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer does not allow for any increases in the concentrations of these in soils. The article identifies those agricultural areas which are suitable for the use of sludge, as well as ways of correcting some parameters (e.g., pH), which allow the improvement of soil quality and obtained higher agricultural production.

scholarly journals Effect of Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio, Temperature, and Inoculum Source on Hydrogen Production from Dark Codigestion of Fruit Peels and Sewage Sludge

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lirio María Reyna-Gómez ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Molina-Guerrero ◽  
Juan Manuel Alfaro ◽  
Santiago Iván Suárez Vázquez ◽  
Armando Robledo-Olivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Inoculum Source ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

This paper studies the use of fruit peel biomass and waste sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico as an alternative way of generating renewable energy. Using a Plackett–Burman experimental design, we investigated the effects of temperature, inoculum source, and the C/N (Carbon/Nitrogen) ratio on dark fermentation (DF). The results indicate that it is possible to produce hydrogen using fruit peels codigested with sewage sludge. By adjusting the C/N ratio in response to the physicochemical characterization of the substrates, it was revealed that the quantities of carbohydrates and nitrogen were sufficient for the occurrence of the fermentation process with biogas production greater than 2221 ± 5.8 mL L−1Reactor and hydrogen selectivity of 23% (366 ± 1 mL H2·L−1Reactor) at the central point. The kinetic parameters (Hmax= 86.6 mL·L−1, Rm = 2.6 mL L−1 h−1, and λ = 1.95 h) were calculated using the modified Gompertz model. The quantification of soluble metabolites, such as acetic acid (3600 mg L−1) and ethyl alcohol (3.4 ± 0.25% v/v), confirmed the presence of acetogenesis in the generation of hydrogen.

scholarly journals Carbon-nitrogen ratio in soils with fertilizer applications and nutrient absorption in banana (Musa spp.) cv. Williams

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Wilson Antonio Pérez ◽  
Jaime Torres-Bazurto
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Total Soil Nitrogen

This research took place in Uraba, Antioquia, in the CENIBANANO-AUGURA experimental field, where a research program on nutrition and fertilization in bananas is carried out. This crop requires high amounts of nitrogen for production, so it is indispensable to evaluate the impact of these applications on the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) in soil. Published literature is scarce for this problem. This research evaluated the C/N ratio in areas with fertilizer applications and nutrient uptake, along with the interaction with production in a banana crop of the AAA group giant Cavendish subgroup, Williams clone, sixth generation in two production cycles. A randomized complete block design was used with five treatments that consisted of differential doses of nitrogen (161, 321.8, and 483 kg ha-1), and an omission and absolute control distributed in four replicates. The treatments with nitrogen doses generated statistical differences for the interactions between the two study zones for the percentages of carbon and total soil nitrogen and C/N ratios; the highest values were found in the fertilization zone during the first production cycle (2.47% C, 0.33% N, and 7.7 C/N ratio). The treatment with 483 kg ha-1 of N obtained the greatest increases in the values for these variables that are attributed to the highest dose of nitrogen and the residual acidity of urea that was able to release non-free carbon from the soil. For this reason, the correlation analysis for the C/N ratio and production was significant for the study areas (absorption and fertilization), inferring that higher C/N ratio values tend to increase production.

scholarly journals Heavy metal accumulation in various tissues of radish (Raphanus sativus) grown under different ratios of organic amendments

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-201
Author(s):  
Anastasia A. Papadaki ◽  
Kalliopi Ladomenou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
The Impact

Root vegetables have greater risk of metal contamination from compost application to soil than other horticultural crops. Moreover, soil organic amendments pose potential environmental hazards. The objective of the present study was to examine the heavy metal uptake in different tissues (petiole, blade, skin, pulp) of Raphanus sativus exposed to organic amendments doses. The impact of the above materials on heavy metal concentration of the soil and plant development parameters were also evaluated. A pot experiment was established with eight treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design and four replicates. Co-compost of sewage sludge and olive wastes at 100, 200, 300 m3 ha–1, composted olive leaves, olive tree pruning wastes, olive mill pomace and poultry manure at 100, 200 m3 ha–1, commercial liquid organic fertilizer at 50 Kg ha–1 with or without inorganic NPK fertilization and a no fertilizing control, were applied to plants. The results showed that sewage sludge application strongly increased the yield and improved radish size cultivated in silt loam soil. The edible radish part had the lowest Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Cr content, whereas the highest Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr was found in the blade and increased Fe, Ni, Pb were recorded in the skin. Organic treatments gave higher Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn amount in both aerial plant tissues compared to the control soil, while Ni, Pb, Cr of all the radish parts were not affected by treatments. This study suggested that organic amendments application gave low permissible levels of all metal content in radish tissues and increased radish productivity. Therefore, organic materials used herein can be applied for normal plant growth without metal contamination of the plant and the soil.

Temperature and pH control in composting of coffee and agricultural wastes

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Nogueira ◽  
F. N. Nogueira ◽  
D. C. Devens
Keyword(s):  
Ph Control ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Forced Aeration ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Organic Content

One of the by-products of instant coffee production is a solid waste with high organic content. This waste is disposed of either by landfill sites or by burning as fuel. Both alternatives are considered economically and environmentally unsatisfactory due to the physico-chemical characteristics of the waste. This study investigates the applicability of the forced aeration composting process to a mixture of this coffee waste and agricultural wastes. Approximately 40 tons of waste was used to set up the static piles. Temperature was used as the main parameter to enable control of the aeration rate. Other parameters used to monitor the process were humidity, pH and carbon/nitrogen ratio. The results obtained were satisfactory and the experiments lead to the production of a high quality compost presenting a carbon/nitrogen ratio of the order of 131 to 151.

Green Beans Cultivation Using Mice Pets Control to Improve the Quality of Bintaro Fruit Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ajeng Embri Legawati ◽  
Nur Azizah ◽  
Achmad Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Environmental Balance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Green beans cultivation technology using mice pets control has been implemented in the Gluranploso village, Benjeng Gresik. The implementation of the technology performed for 2.5 months from August to October 2017. The purpose of the implementation is aimed to reduce the dependence of farmers on the use of chemical pesticides so that the farmers are aware of the negative impact of chemical pesticides. Assessing the impact of the utilization of Bintaro fruit and fruit extracts to explore ways of making Bintaro as a natural biopesticide to overcome rat attack on green bean plants in the Gluranploso village. Pest control mice can reduce the rate of loss of the crops more effectively and efficiently. Finally, with the use of those natural resources as a biopesticide material can also maintain the environmental balance

Environmental significance of atrazine in aqueous systems and its removal by biological processes: an overview

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-178 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Environmental Significance ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Living Organisms

Atrazine, a chlorinated s-triazine group of herbicide is one of the most widely used pesticides in the World. Due to its extensive use, long half-life and various toxic properties, it has very high environmental significance. Up to 22 mg l-1 of atrazine was found in ground water whereas permissible limit of atrazine is in ppb level in drinking water. As per Indian standard there should not be any pesticide present in drinking water. Among many other treatment processes available, Incineration, adsorption, chemical treatment, phytoremediation and biodegradation are the most commonly used ones. Biological degradation of atrazine depends upon various factors like the operating environment, external carbon and nitrogen sources, carbon/ nitrogen ratio (C/N), water content and the bacterial strain. Although, general atrazine degradation pathways are available, the specific pathways in specific conditions are not yet clearly defined. In this paper extensive review has been made on the occurrence of atrazine in surface and ground water bodies, probable sources and causes of its occurrence in water environment, the toxicity of atrazine on various living organisms and its removal by biological processes.

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