scholarly journals Provision of repeating the Azaan three times if the Imam settled on the Membar on Friday in Malikite school: حكم تكرار الأذان ثلاثاً إذا استوى الإمام على المنبر يوم الجمعة عند المالكية

Author(s):  
Amara Saad Chandoul

In the Arab Maghreb countries, the matter took place in Friday's azaan, that if the imam settled on the Membar (pulpit) on Friday, they made al-Nida (called) for prayer three times. In recent years, there has been considerable controversy over the subject, as some public people have said that it only calls for a single call to the community, unlike what people used to do. Some enthusiastic young people have come to prevent the repetition of the prayers if the Imam is forced to sit down in the podium and to bequeath those who authorize it, and only if some of the muftis ruled that prayer should not be allowed in the mosque where it calls for three. The reason for studying the subject and investigating the truth was that, through this paper, we found that the azan’s call (al-Nida ) was three if the Imam was to be on the podium from the Sunnah, unlike what the people went to and understood, and that it was a matter of ignorance of the doctrine that people would change what was done without research and education. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach in the collection of texts. He used the analytical and deductive methodology in the whole knowledge. The research resulted that if the imam settled on the Membar on Friday, it is diferred to made al-Nida for prayer between being unique or repeating three times, and that both of the two opinions are really in itself. Infact, there are no provision for the validity of one and subtract the other.    

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Karolina PalimĄka

Abstract The phenomenon of entrepreneurship has various perspectives – economic, financial, social, and psychological. The aim of this paper is to present entrepreneurship from a perspective merging both financial and non-financial aspects of this phenomenon. The article presents two (complementary) aspects related to the phenomenon of entrepreneurship. One of the aspects described by author is the availability of financing for businesses in Poland (showing the issue in response to the most important obstacle to running a business), the other is shaping entrepreneurial attitudes. The section on sources of financing give an answer to the question of whether (and if so - to what extent) the problem of access to financing is a real barrier to starting a business in Poland. Presenting the perspective of students gives a new view on the subject and enables us to recognize factors that determine the decision to start a business among young people, knowledge of which may contribute to a change in attitudes towards setting up a business in Poland. Among the conclusions, the author mentions, inter alia, the need to strengthen entrepreneurial attitudes among students, especially due to the growing number of companies operating in Poland for reasons of positive motivation (such as improvement of the standard of living or independence). Moreover, the conducted analyses lead to the conclusion that new companies are financed primarily from their own resources, which discourages many from starting their own business.


Author(s):  
Yevhenii Vasyliev

The tragic events of the Revolution of Dignity and the hybrid war have been reflected in various stylistics and genre parameters of dramatic works. The brightest of them were included in two recent anthologies, which were prepared and published thanks to the efforts of the Department of Drama Projects of the National Center for the Performing Arts named after Les Kurbas. The first of them, “Maidan. Before and After. Anthology of the Actual Drama” (2016), has absorbed 9 plays by the authors of different generations (Yaroslav Vereshchak, Nadiia Symchich, Oleg Mykolaychuk, Neda Nezhdana, Oleksandr Viter, Dmytro Ternovyi, etc.). The completely new second anthology “The Labyrinth of Ice and Fire” (2019) also consists of 9 plays (three of which are also part of the previous anthology), which are the reflections of the modern history of Ukraine. The texts about the hybrid war, which are included in two anthologies, are the subject of our analysis. The focus is on the genre specificity of these drama works. The genre modifications of archaic genres inherent in the Ukrainian theatrical tradition (vertep, mystery) are studied in the plays “Vertep-2015” by Nadiia Marchuk and “Maidan Inferno, or On the Other Side of Hell” by Neda Nezhdana. The functioning of the documentary and epic drama (“The Chestnut and the Lily of the Valley” by Oleg Mykolaychuk, “The People and Cyborgs” by Olena Ponomareva and Dario Fertilio) is analysed. The processes of episation and lyricization are considered. The peculiarities of intergeneric diffusion and the creation of a specific genre type — lyrico-epic drama are analysed. The actual monodramas of Neda Nezhdana “The Cat in Memory of the Darkness” and “OTVETKA@ UA” are highlighted, as well as the intermedial character of the genre transformations of Igor Yuziuk’s drama “C-sharp Sixth Octave”


Author(s):  
Agung Suharyanto

This article aims to describe street children Punk in the life patterns of the people of Medan City. Medan city is one of the things that cannot be separated from the life pattern of street singers. This means that the life of street singers has become part of the overall life of the people of Medan City. Don't know who started it, now there are so many Punk communities scattered at the crossroads, living in groups while busking. Their identity is very different from other street singers, both in terms of clothes, hairstyles and body piercing as well as tattoos on several parts of the body. All things that are very different from the identity of the other buskers whose taste is also piling up. What makes the other street singers the same is that their songs and music are no different, which are trending and melancholy. They also use the media of music to create space for themselves to speak out. Music is used as a tool to empower himself. Apart from looking for food, playing music is also a tool to build solidarity. On certain occasions they played music together. So, you could say, young people in Medan who are singing on the streets and wearing all-Punk make-up in Indonesia are very likely inspired by something very different from their predecessor Punk generation in their home country.


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Jovanka Denkova

In this paper , we focus on contemporary Macedonian literature for young people, in particular of one of its segment, and it is the presence of violence and violent scenes in the works designed for this audience. Theorists of this literature, popularly called YAL, not circumvent these issues, just like writers who write books intended for adolescents. This topic will be discussed by esplicit examples that will be taken of contemporary literature for young people, in order from one side to indicate their presence, and the need to write freely on the subject, and on the other hand to help young people who are experiencing these problems. The analysis will show that in most cases, the cause of the young sometimes turning to violence or themselves been victims of violence are shifting family values, or lack / absence of the family, a family member, usually a parent, neglect by parents and their preoccupation with work.


2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Skuse

Recently, the UK government expressed concern about the rising tide of antisocial behaviour among young people who, in certain areas of the country, were habitually engaging in acts of minor delinquency – often fuelled by drink. On the other hand, legislation was introduced to make it legal for premises that sell alcohol to remain open longer, up to 24 hours a day. This latter arrangement has courted considerable controversy. For example, the British Medical Association commented that any extension to licensing hours requires a programme of research, after its introduction, to look at its health consequences - both acute and chronic.


1937 ◽  
Vol 83 (343) ◽  
pp. 156-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Curran

The title of this paper will suggest a number of problems which are still the subject of considerable controversy.Thus, some authorities appear to uphold the general proposition that there is a fundamental and clear-cut distinction between all neuroses (or psychoneuroses) on the one hand, and all psychoses on the other.


1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Addison

The writer looks at the meanings of the word ‘play’ and its properties, and draws attention to the common elements and the differences to be observed in the play of young people and adults respectively. He applies these observations to music, giving examples.He then considers how classroom teachers have used some of the ‘play’ principles in their work, and introduces the idea of drawing instrumental teachers into similar patterns of action – to be fully developed in the other articles in this group. He summarises recent writings on the subject and his own practical contributions over the last few years.


2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence W. Joldersma

THIS PAPER ARGUES that the call to teach ought to be conceptualized not so much in terms of subject matter (‘what’) or teaching method (‘how’) but with respect to the subjectivity of the people involved – that is, of the one who teaches and of the one who is taught. Building explicitly on the work of Emmanuel Levinas, the essay develops the idea of a responsible subject as the condition that makes visible the distinctiveness about the call to teach, suggesting that God's call to teach manifests itself through the face of the student, in the asymmetric relation between the teacher and the student as the other. In doing so, the teacher becomes a responsible subject for and to the student, instead of merely for the subject matter and the methods of teaching. Familiar tensions in teaching illustrate this call to responsibility.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Jovanka Denkova

In this paper , we focus on contemporary Macedonian literature for young people, in particular of one of its segment, and it is the presence of violence and violent scenes in the works designed for this audience. Theorists of this literature, popularly called YAL, not circumvent these issues, just like writers who write books intended for adolescents. This topic will be discussed by esplicit examples that will be taken of contemporary literature for young people, in order from one side to indicate their presence, and the need to write freely on the subject, and on the other hand to help young people who are experiencing these problems. The analysis will show that in most cases, the cause of the young sometimes turning to violence or themselves been victims of violence are shifting family values, or lack / absence of the family, a family member, usually a parent, neglect by parents and their preoccupation with work.


Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Jordán

The education of young people is one of the recurring themes of Jane Austen's novels. In all her works there are references to the consequences of the education received or its shortcomings. This is a determining factor in the development of personality and Austen, who focuses her novels on people, places great importance on it. In this article, we will analyze the abundant references Austen makes on the subject of education and we will offer some information on this aspect in her sociocultural context, differentiating between education as a person's formation, on the one hand, and the acquisition of knowledge and skills on the other.


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