scholarly journals The Unspoken in the Speech of Symbolism School: المسكوت عنه في خطاب المذهب الرمزي

Author(s):  
Basheer Thabit Mohammed, Lateef Mahmoud Mohammed Al-Ghariri Basheer Thabit Mohammed, Lateef Mahmoud Mohammed Al-Ghariri

It required the literary man to base his artistic output on a basic basis from which to achieve literary creativity, and literary trends and currents have varied, specifically in the postmodern period, which directed its attention to margins and the casual things. Accordingly, we will try to discover and search for what was rejected and excluded by the literary schools, while symbolism school was interested in and considered it as an original and a reference for them. There are some technical procedures that symbolism adopted and applied that were excluded and marginalized before, as it constitutes for them aesthetic values, literary pleasure and a special emotional pleasure. Therefore, we find that they relied on music and the mysterious feelings it evokes in the mind that are difficult to express in ordinary language. They (Symbolism school) found a new kind of authority to write the poetry, specifically after feeling freedom and openness to unlimited horizons.

Author(s):  
G. A. Zolotkov

The article examines the change of theoretical framework in analytic philosophy of mind. It is well known fact that nowadays philosophical problems of mind are frequently seen as incredibly difficult. It is noteworthy that the first programs of analytical philosophy of mind (that is, logical positivism and philosophy of ordinary language) were skeptical about difficulty of that realm of problems. One of the most notable features of both those programs was the strong antimetaphysical stance, those programs considered philosophy of mind unproblematic in its nature. However, the consequent evolution of philosophy of mind shows evaporating of that stance and gradual recovery of the more sympathetic view toward the mind problematic. Thus, there were two main frameworks in analytical philosophy of mind: 1) the framework of logical positivism and ordinary language philosophy dominated in the 1930s and the 1940s; 2) the framework that dominated since the 1950s and was featured by the critique of the first framework. Thus, the history of analytical philosophy of mind moves between two highly opposite understandings of the mind problematic. The article aims to found the causes of that move in the ideas of C. Hempel and G. Ryle, who were the most notable philosophers of mind in the 1930s and the 1940s.


2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Besemeres ◽  
Anna Wierzbicka

In this paper we try to crack one of the hardest and most intriguing chestnuts in the field of cross-cultural pragmatics and to identify the meaning of the celebrated Singaporean particle lah — the hallmark of Singapore English. In pursuing this goal, we investigate the use of lah and seek to identify its meaning by trying to find a paraphrase in ordinary language which would be substitutable for lah in any context. In doing so, we try to enter the speakers’ minds, and as John Locke (1959 [1691]:99) urged in his pioneering work on particles, “observe nicely” the speakers’ “postures of the mind in discoursing”. At the same time, we offer a general model for the investigation of discourse markers and show how the methodology based on the “NSM” semantic theory allows the analyst to link pragmatics, via semantics, with the study of cognition.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Adriana Montheiro

This paper appeared originally in Portuguese as Sinto, logo Sou - um estudo sobre o significado das emoções e suas funções. Revista Brasileira de Análise Transacional XXI, 2011, n.1, 29-41 and is reproduced here by kind permission of UNAT-BRASIL - União Nacional de Analistas Transacionais – Brasil. Emotion is not a concept that can be accurately defined, even if in ordinary language it refers to affective states. The theory of transactional analysis, created by Berne and developed by his followers, is impregnated with the concept of emotion. In order to bring more light to these questions, the present article discusses the biopsychology of emotions, considering their objectives and functions, considering the influence of neuroscience. We also refer to authors who did a theoretical review of transactional analysis from the perspective of biology and the mind, such as Allen and Hine. We have also included authors with a body approach such as Reich and Levine for their significant contributions both to understanding how the scripting system is embedded in the body, and to consider the possibility of developing a systematic body approach within Adult decontamination methodology. We conclude that there are no destructive emotions. Destructive is the way one learns to deal with feelings, with sensations and emotions. And working on emotions is working on lifescript.


1826 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 250-265 ◽  

In the construction of an engine, on which I have now been for some time occupied, for the purpose of calculating tables and impressing the results on plates of copper, I experienced great delay and inconvenience from the difficulty of ascertaining from the drawings the state of motion or rest of any individual part at any given instant of time: and if it became necessary to enquire into the state of several parts at the same moment the labour was much encreased. In the description of machinery, by means of drawings, it is only possible to represent an engine in one particular state of its action. If indeed it is very simple in its operations, a succession of drawings may be made of it in each state of its progress which will represent its whole course; but this rarely happens, and is attended with the inconvenience and expence of numerous drawings. The difficulty of retaining in the mind all the cotemporaneous and successive movements of a complicated machine, and the still greater difficulty of properly timing movements which had already been provided for, induced me to seek for some method by which I might at a glance of the eye select any particular part, and find at any given time its state of motion or rest, its relation to the motions of any other part of the machine, and if necessary trace back the sources of its movement through all its successive stages to the original moving power. I soon felt that the forms of ordinary language were far too diffuse to admit of any expectation of removing the difficulty, and being convinced from experience of the vast power which analysis derives from the great condensation of meaning in the language it employs, I was not long in deciding that the most favourable path to pursue was to have recourse to the language of signs. It then became necessary to contrive a notation which ought if possible to be at once simple and expressive, easily understood at the commencement, and capable of being readily retained in the memory from the proper adaptation of the signs to the circumstances they were intended to represent. The first thing to be done was obviously to make an accurate enumeration of all the moving parts, and to appropriate a name to each; the multitude of different contrivances in various machinery, precluded all idea of substituting signs for these parts. They were therefore written down in succession, only observing to preserve such an order that those which jointly concur for accomplishing the effect of any separate part of the machine might be found situated near to each other: thus in a clock, those parts which belong to the striking part ought to be placed together, whilst those by which the repeating part operates ought, although kept distinct, yet to be as a whole, adjacent to the former part.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-268
Author(s):  
Rahmat Jabbaril

If that is the priority in weighing the mind and exploring the core of the perspective of thinking, of course, will move on to a "statement". Where the platform of thought will be the entrance and open a gap for other thoughts, because the thinking perspective finds the value of "abstract". The context of thinking is more about extracting the essence of thinking, so the value of art becomes abstract. The reality of the meaning of art is not only a question of form, but more than that, art will play freely about form. The basic theory of writing, using a qualitative frame of mind, using a curatorial approach. The form of virtue in art is actually not based on purely aesthetic values, but the depth of ideas as a way of "enlightenment" to determine the direction where we should be oriented. The result of this thought is, the continuity of artistic value is certainly constructed by; Awareness of the value of intensity, ethics-technique, psychology and full awareness of the essence of ideas (philosophy of art). So the perspective of virtue in art is the awareness of thinking about the abstraction of the universe itself, which is manifested in the form of works, namely the work of two dimensions of Text Art.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-426
Author(s):  
Daniel Lorca ◽  
Eric LaRock ◽  

Advocates of eliminative materialism (EM) assure us that our current, ordinary approach to describing the mind (dubbed “folk psychology”) will eventually be eliminated, instead of reduced, by a matured neuroscience. However, once we take into account the flexibility, explanatory power, and overall sophistication of ordinary language, then the promissory note offered by eliminative materialism (EM) loses all credibility. To bolster the preceding claim, we present three original problems for EM: (1) the accountability problem, (2) the substitution problem, and (3) the discourse dependence problem.


Author(s):  
Florian Coulmas

The question of how consciousness and self-awareness connect with personal identity has accompanied philosophy since antiquity. Sages of diverse orientations have put forth various elaborate answers, showing among other things that self-awareness is more than just being conscious. The ensouled matter of the self-conscious brain still poses deeply puzzling questions about individual identity, and nowadays the new reality of anthropo-technology once again poses the question how we can know about ourselves. ‘ “Who am I?” Identity in philosophy’ considers the concept of identity in philosophy through time and the mind–body problem. It also discusses empiricist reductionism, mentalist essentialism, ordinary language analysis, and interactionism.


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter DeScioli

AbstractThe target article by Boyer & Petersen (B&P) contributes a vital message: that people have folk economic theories that shape their thoughts and behavior in the marketplace. This message is all the more important because, in the history of economic thought, Homo economicus was increasingly stripped of mental capacities. Intuitive theories can help restore the mind of Homo economicus.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette Littlemore
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