scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KUALITAS MINYAK JELANTA MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF DAN EKSTRAK PUCUK IDAT (Cratoxylum glaucum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Robby Gus Mahardika ◽  
Sito Enggiwanto ◽  
Ary Samsiar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Cooking Oil

Silica Waste cooking oil can be used as a soap or biodiesel. Good soaps or biodiesel should be from oils that have low levels of fatty acids and free radicals. However, waste cooking oil has high free fatty acid and free radical, it is necessary to increase the quality of waste cooking oil. One effort to improve the quality of waste cooking oil can use activated carbon as an adsorbent. Decrease in free radicals in cooking oil can use antioxidants from extract pucuk idat (Cratoxylum glaucum). This study aims to see the effect of extract pucuk idat on the process of improving the quality of waste cooking oil. The process of improvement by adding activated carbon and varying the concentration of ethanol extract pucuk idat. Activated carbon used 10% with variation of extract 0,25%; 0,5% and 0,75%. This process followed by stirring for 15 minutes at 80°C, then soaked for 3 days. Oil quality are identified by the method of determining the levels of free fatty acids and acid numbers. The results of this study indicate that extract pucuk idat in ethanol with 0,75% concentration has the lowest free fatty acid and acid number. Extract pucuk idat can improve the quality of waste cooking oil.

scholarly journals Penentuan Kadar Asam Lemak Bebas Dan Kadar Air Pada Minyak Goreng Yang Digunakan Oleh Pedagang Gorengan Di Jalan Manyar Sabrangan, Mulyorejo, Surabaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Ika Fitri Ulfindrayani ◽  
Qurrota A’yuni
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fried Food ◽  
Cooking Oil

ABSTRAK Kebutuhan minyak goreng sawit di Indonesia terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Kebutuhan terbesar didominasi oleh penggunaan minyak goreng sawit sebagai media untuk menggoreng makanan yang salah satunya yaitu jajanan goreng (gorengan). Mayoritas pedagang gorengan tidak memperhatikan kualitas dari minyak goreng yang digunakan. Banyak pedagang gorengan membeli minyak goreng bekas (jelantah) demi mendapatkan keuntungan yang besar. Pada minyak jelantah mengandung asam lemak bebas akibat pemanasan berkala yang berbahaya bagi tubuh. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian kualitas minyak goreng melalui dua parameter yaitu kadar asam lemak bebas dan kadar air. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas minyak goreng yang digunakan oleh para pedagang gorengan. Sampel minyak goreng didapatkan dari pedagang gorengan di sepanjang Jalan Manyar Sabrangan, Mulyorejo, Surabaya. Terdapat 7 pedagang gorengan yang menjual gorengannya dengan harga sekitar Rp. 1.000 – Rp 2.000. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode titrasi alkalimetri dan metode gravimeteri. Hasil analisa kadar asam lemak bebas dan kadar air menunjukkan bahwa dari 7 sampel terdapat 4 sampel minyak goreng yang tidak layak dikonsumsi karena tidak sesuai dengan syarat mutu minyak goreng SNI 01-3741-2002. Kata kunci: Asam Lemak Bebas, Kadar Air, Minyak Goreng, Pedagang Gorengan. ABSTRACT The requirement of palm cooking oil in Indonesia increase from year to year. It was dominated by the use of palm cooking oil as a medium to fry. Fried food on street seller was one of foods that need oil in frying process. Many street fried food seller did not pay attention to the quality of cooking oil that used to fry. Waste cooking oil was the good choice for street fried food seller in order to get big profits. Waste cooking oil contains of free fatty acids due to periodic warming that is harmful to the body. It was important for us to know the quality of cooking oil which we used. Therefore, in this research, we did test the quality of cooking oil which used street fried food seller. Free fatty acid and water content were two parameters that can describe the quality of cooking oil. The samples of cooking oil were obtained from street fried food seller along Jalan Manyar Sabrangan, Mulyorejo, Surabaya. There are 7 street seller that selling fried food with price of about Rp. 1.000 - Rp 2.000. Alkalimetry titration and gravimetery method were used to determine free fatty acid and water content of samples. The result showed there are 4 samples of cooking oil that was not worthy to be consumed because not in accordance with requirement of cooking oil quality of SNI 01-3741-2002. Key Words: Free Fatty Acid, Water Content, Cooking Oil, Street Fried Food Seller.  

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Karbon Aktif Ampas Tebu dalam Mereduksi Asam Lemak Bebas (Free Fatty Acid) untuk Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah sebagai Biodiesel

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-296
Author(s):  
Reka M Sari ◽  
Agus Kembaren
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Quality Testing

Pembuatan biodiesel telah berhasil dilakukan dengan pemurnian karbon aktif ampas tebu untuk mereduksi asam lemak bebas (free fatty acid) pada minyak jelantah. Karbon dari ampas tebu diaktivasi dengan H3PO4 pada suhu 400 oC dengan massa 10 g lalu digunakan sebagai adsorben dalam pemurnian minyak jelantah. Pengujian kualitas minyak sesuai SNI 01-2901-2006 dan berhasil menurunkan kadar ALB sebesar dari 4,16% menjadi 0,336% dan bilangan peroksida 6,99 mek/kg. Penambahan metanol pada minyak dengan perbandingan 1:6 serta katalis 1% menghasilkan biodiesel sesuai SNI 04-7182-2006 dengan bilangan asam sebesar 0,6731%, bilangan iod 57,3625% dan densitas biodiesel yaitu 0,8599 g/mL. Identifikasi senyawa pembentuk biodiesel dengan GC (Gas Chromatography) menghasilkan komposisi FAME oleat, linoleat dan palmitat yaitu 43,4181%, 10,5952%, 38,6358.   In this study, biodiesel has been successfully made by purifying the activated carbon of the sugar cane pulp to reduce free fatty acids in used cooking oil. The carbon from the pulp of sugar cane is activated with H3PO4 at a temperature of 400oC with a mass of 10 g and then used as an adsorbent in refining used cooking oil. Oil quality testing produced according to SNI 01-2901-2006 and succeeded in reducing ALB levels from 4.16% to 0.336% and 6.99 mek / kg peroxide. The addition of methanol to oil with a ratio of 1: 6 and 1% catalyst produced biodiesel according to SNI 04-7182-2006 with acid numbers of 0.6731%, iodine number 57.3625% and biodiesel density which was 0.8599 g / mL. Identification of biodiesel-forming compounds with GC (Gas Chromatography) resulted in compositions of FAME oleate, linoleic and palmitic respectively 43.4181%, 10.5952%, 38.6358.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Absorben terhadap Kualitas Fisik Minyak

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Tri Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil

This study aims to determine the effect of aloe vera juice (absorbent) on the quality of cooking oil. Both types of oil are used to fry up to five times the frying pan to fry the tempeh weighing 1000 grams at a temperature of 180C. Furthermore, the oil that has been used up to five times the frying recycled again, by clarifying it using aloe vera juice. To determine the quality of oil used parameters of viscosity, specific gravity, refractive index, and free fatty acids. From the results of the research, it is found that the longer the number of fryers resulted in decreased oil quality. This can be seen from the increase in the number of parameters measured ie the viscosity, density, free fatty acid and decrease in the number of refractive index parameters. After the purification using aloe vera juice, the quality of oil is getting better. It is characterized by the decrease of viscosity, density and free fatty acid. Keywords: Absorbent, Edible Oil      

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Karbon Aktif Ampas dalam Mereduksi Asam Lemak Bebas (Free Fatty Acid) pada Minyak Goreng Bekas sebagai Biodiesel

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Reka M. Sari ◽  
Agus Kembaren
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Direct Transesterification ◽  
Used Cooking Oil

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pretreatment minyak goreng bekas dengan karbon aktif ampas tebu, mengetahui pengaruh variasi katalis terhadap biodiesel dan mengetahui variasi konsentrasi persen berat katalis NaOH yang menghasilkan FAME biodiesel yang maksimum dengan metode transesterifikasi langsung. Pretreatment minyak dilakukan dengan karbon aktif ampas tebu yang diaktivasi dengan H3PO4 pada suhu 400 °C dan massa karbon aktif yaitu 10 g, lalu di uji kualitas minyak berdasarkan standar SNI 01-2901-2006 yang meliputi kadar asam lemak bebas dan bilangan peroksida. Biodiesel yang dihasilkan diuji sesuai SNI 04-7182-2006 yaitu bilangan asam, bilangan iod dan densitas serta mengidentifikasi senyawa pembentuk metil ester dengan GC (Gas Chromatography). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pretreatment minyak goreng bekas dengan menggunakan karbon aktif dari ampas tebu efektif menurunkan ALB pada minyak goreng bekas sebesar 0,336% dan bilangan peroksida 6,99 mek/kg sesuai SNI 06-3730-1995 sehingga dapat dijadikan bahan baku untuk pembuatan biodiesel dengan transesterifikasi langsung menggunakan katalis 1% NaOH. Didapat densitas biodiesel adalah 0,8599 g/mL, bilangan iod yaitu 57,3625% massa dan bilangan asam yaitu 0,6731%. Komposisi FAME oleat, linoleat dan palmitat yaitu 43,4181%, 10,5952%, 38,6358.   This study aimed to determine the pretreatment of used cooking oil with bagasse activated carbon, the effect of variations in catalysts on biodiesel and the variation in the concentration of weight percentage of NaOH catalyst which produced the maximum biodiesel FAME using the direct transesterification method. Oil pretreatment was carried out with bagasse activated carbon activated with H3PO4 at a temperature of 400°C and activated carbon mass of 10 g, and oil quality was tested based on SNI 01-2901-2006 standards including free fatty acid and peroxide numbers. The biodiesel produced tested according to SNI 04-7182-2006 were acid numbers, iodine numbers, and densities and identified methyl ester forming compounds with GC (Gas Chromatography). The results showed that the pretreatment of used cooking oil using activated carbon from bagasse was effective in reducing ALB in used cooking oil by 0.336% and peroxide number by 6.99 mek/kg according to SNI 06-3730-1995 so that it could be used as raw material for making biodiesel with direct transesterification using a 1% NaOH catalyst. The density of biodiesel was 0.8599 g/mL. Iodine number was 57.3625% mass and acid number was 0.6731%. The composition of FAME oleate, linoleic and palmitate was 43.4181%, 10.5952%, 38.6358.

scholarly journals DECREASE IN FREE FATTY ACID CONTENT AND COLOR AT USED COOKING OIL WITH ACTIVATED CARBON OF REEDS (Imperata cylindrica L. Raeusch)

1970 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Samsuar Samsuar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil

Cooking oil is one of the foods that are needed by the community in daily life. The use of cooking oil continuously at high temperatures, produces cooking oil that is no longer feasible to use. Therefore, it’s necessary to purify used cooking oil so that it can be reused for non-foood purposes such as making soap or biodiesel fuel. This purification process is utilie the activated carbon of reeds (Imperata cylindrica L. Raeusch) as an adsorbent to reduce the levels of free fatty acids and colors in used cooking oil. Free fatty acid content test using acid base titration method and color change using Uv-Vis spectrofotometry method. This study aims to determine the optimum concentration of reeds activated carbon as an adsorbent in reducing the levels of free fatty acids and colors in used cooking oil, which consists of the concentration of reeds activated carbon which is a consentration of 2,5; 5; 7,5; 10; dan 12,5%. The results of variance analysis showed the optimum concentration of reeds activated carbon to reduce the levels of free fatty acids and colors absorbance in used cooking oil at a concentration of 7,5%. The percentage of decreasing levels of free fatty acids gorengan and pecel lele are 78.57% and 78.85%. Decrease in absorbance of gorengan color from 1,792% to 0,384% and the pecel lele color absorbance from 2,521 to 0,515. Keywords : Activated Carbon,Color, Free Fatty Acid, Reeds, and Used Cooking Oil.

scholarly journals ARANG AMPAS TEBU UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR ASAM LEMAK BEBAS MINYAK GORENG BEKAS

2018 ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
P Purwati ◽  
Tri Harningsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Lower Free Fatty Acid

ABSTRAK Minyak digunakan secara berulangkali mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas minyak. Salah satunya adalah peningkatan asam lemak bebasnya. Limbah ampas tebu yang diubah ke dalam bentuk arang digunakan menurunkan asam lemak bebas pada minyak goreng bekas. Penambahan arang ampas tebu dengan variasi massa dapat menurunkan asam lemak bebas. Asam lemak bebas minyak bekas sebelum ditambah dengan arang ampas tebu adalah 0,62 %. Angka tersebut mengalami penurunan setelah penambahan variasi massa ampas tebu dimulai dengan 2,5 gram; 5,0 gram; 7,5 gram; 10,0 gram dan 12,5 gram. Hasil asam lemak bebas berturut-turut 0,61%; 0,55%; 0,48%; 0,45%; 0,43%. Kondisi optimum dari massa arang ampas tebu sebesar 12,5 gram. Prosentase penurunan asam lemak bebas sebesar 30,41 % dengan kadar asam lemak bebas dari sebelum dilakukan adsorbsi sebanyak 0,61% menjadi 0,43%.   Kata kunci: arang ampas tebu, asam lemak bebas, minyak goreng bekas       ABSTRACT Oils used repeatedly will result in a decrease in the quality of oil. One of which is the increase in free fatty acids. The waste bagasse which is converted into charcoal form used to lower free fatty acid in used oil casting. The addition of charcoal of bagasse with variation of mass can decrease free fatty acid. The fatty acid free of used oil before it is added with sugarcane bagasse is 0,62%. The number decreases after the addition of variation of bagasse mass begins with 2,5 grams; 5,0 grams; 7,5 grams; 10,0 grams and 12; 5 grams. Free fatty acids result are 0,61%; 0,55%; 0,48%; 0,45%; 0; 43% respectively. The optimum condition from the mass of charcoal of bagasse is 12,5 grams. Percentage of free fatty acid decrease of 30,41% with free fatty acid content from before adsorbs 0,61% to 0,43%.   Keywords: charcoal of bagasse, free fatty acids, used cooking oil

scholarly journals Mutu Minyak Jelantah Dengan Adsorben Biji Salak (Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.)Voss) menggunakan Parameter Bilangan Peroksida dan Asam Lemak Bebas

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Ihwan Ihwan ◽  
Fadlia Fadlia ◽  
Syariful Anam
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil

Quality of used cooking oil with snake fruit (Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss) seed adsorbent  has been conducted. This study aims to determine the ability of snake fruit seed in reducing peroxide value and free fatty acids in used cooking oil which can improve the quality and extend usage lifespan of the used cooking oil. The oil sampled in this study was packaged cooking oil which is usually used to fry food untill 7th frying. The oil was then neutralized using snake fruit activated charcoal. The test refers to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 7709: 2012 as the quality requirements of cooking oil. The results showed that snake fruit activated charcoal can reduce peroxide value as much as 56.18% and free fatty acid 76.04% in the used cooking oil.

scholarly journals Sintesis Karbon Aktif Tempurung Ketapang (Terminalia catappa) Sebagai Adsorben Minyak Jelantah

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megiyo Megiyo ◽  
Herman Aldila ◽  
Fitri Afriani ◽  
Robby Gus Mahardika ◽  
Sito Enggiwanto
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Waste Frying Oil

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong> Activated carbon is the most common adsorbents used in regeneration of cooking oil process. Waste frying oil is a residual of frying that has been destructed due to repeated use. For reusable, it must through by oil regeneration process to eliminate impurities and free radicals. One of the abundant biomass and feasible to be activated carbon is ketapang shell. The synthesis of activated carbon used activator H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> 11% with ratio 1: 4 (w / v) followed by thermal activation at 650<sup>o</sup>C for 2 hours. Activated carbon is then mixed with waste frying oil with variations of 5%, 7.5% and 10% and is left for 24 hours. As an antioxidant to free radicals added extract iding-iding (Stenochlaena palustris) of 5%. Based on the observation data SEM pore distribution on activated charcoal fairly evenly with the average pore width around 10 mm. The results of acid number and free fatty acid test showed that the greater amount of activated carbon used, the value of acid number and free fatty acid content will decrease. The optimum condition was obtained on 10% active carbon and 5% extract with 0.8% acid value and 0.78% free fatty acid content.</p><p class="KeywordsEngish"> </p><p class="AbstrakIndonesia"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Karbon aktif merupakan salah satu adsorben yang umum digunakan dalam upaya peningkatan regenerasi minyak jelantah. Minyak jelantah merupakan limbah hasil sisa penggorengan yang telah terdestruksi akibat pemakaian yang berulang-ulang. Untuk dapat digunakan kembali minyak jelantah harus mengalami proses regenerasi minyak untuk menghilangkan impuritas dan radikal bebas. Salah satu biomassa yang begitu melimpah dan layak untuk dijadikan karbon aktif adalah tempurung ketapang. Sintesis karbon aktif tempurung ketapang dilakukan dengan menggunakan aktivator H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> 11% dengan perbandingan 1:4 (b/v) dilanjutkan dengan aktivasi termal pada temperatur 650<sup>o</sup>C selama 2 jam. Karbon aktif yang diperoleh kemudian dicampurkan dengan minyak jelantah dengan variasi 5%, 7,5% dan 10% dan dibiarkan selama 24 jam. Sebagai penangkal radikal bebas ditambahkan ekstrak iding-iding <em>(</em><em>Stenochlaena palustris)</em><em> </em>sebesar 5%. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan data SEM sebaran pori pada arang aktif tempurung ketapang cukup merata dengan lebar pori rata-rata berkisar 10 mm. Hasil uji bilangan asam dan kadar asam lemak bebas menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar jumlah karbon aktif yang digunakan maka nilai bilangan asam dan kadar asam lemak bebas akan semakin menurun. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada komposisi 10% karbon aktif dan 5% ekstrak iding-iding dengan nilai bilangan asam 0,8% dan kadar asam lemak bebas 0,78%.</p>

scholarly journals ESTERIFIKASI DAN DEASIDIFIKASI MINYAK JELANTAH PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ABU TONGKOL JAGUNG

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
R. E. Y. Adu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Alkali Neutralization

Esterification and deacidification of waste cooking oil using alkali neutralization for biodiesel production using corncob ash as an alternative base catalyst was carried out. This study aimed to attainone of the desired transesterification conditionsby reducing free fatty acids content of waste cooking oil. Esterification was carried out by reacting waste cooking oil and methanol with certain volume ratio and acid catalyst (H2SO4) at 50oC for 4 hours. Deacidification was carried out by adding 0.5 N NaOH solution (15% excess alkali) at 60oC for 30 minutes. Esterification of waste cooking oil using acid catalyst before transesterification with corn cobs ash catalyst significantly increased the efficiency of free fatty acid conversion (92.69%) under volume ratio of 25% methanol /oil and 0.5% acid catalyst for 4 hours reaction. Deacidification of esterified oil with FFA content of 2.29 mg KOH /g oil through alkali neutralization at 55oC using alkaline content of 0.8 N reduces free fatty acid content to 0.47 mg KOH /g oil. Transesterification results showed that biodiesel component of waste cooking oil was dominated by polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid / C18-2), monounsaturated fatty acids (palmitic acid / C16-1 and oleic acid / C18-1) and saturated acids (palmitic / C16-0 and stearic acid / C18-0). Most of the biodiesel products were similar to those of the diesel physical characters. Biodiesel made of waste cooking oil meets the biodiesel quality standard (SNI 7182: 2015) for such parameters of density, viscosity, acid number, saponification value, iodine number and cetane. Esterification and neutralization process are effective in reducing free fatty acids content of waste cooking oil before being used in transesterification with corn cobs ash catalyst. Keywords: esterification, neutralization, alkali, waste cooking oil, biodiesel, corn cobs ash

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