scholarly journals KAJIAN POTENSI PEMAKAMAN SEBAGAI RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU PERKOTAAN, STUDI KASUS: TPU KOTA PONTIANAK

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustiah Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Green Space ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) pada saat ini banyak mengalami perubahan fungsi menjadi lahan terbangun. Tidak dipungkiri lagi bahwa RTH di banyak kota di Indonesia sudah beralih fungsi menjadi kawasan pemukiman, perhotelan, restauran, pertokoan, perkantoran, jalan raya, tempat parkir, pompa bensin, tempat pedagang kaki lima dan kawasan lainnya. Hal ini menciptakan kelangkaan RTH di banyak daerah perkotaan di Indonesia. Proses perencanaan kota yang berwawasan lingkungan sangat diperlukan di seluruh wilayah perkotaan di Indonesia. Pemanfaatan ruang terbuka yang selama ini belum atau kurang dimanfaatkan harus lebih dimaksimalkan lagi pemanfaatannya, seperti tempat pemakaman. Pemakaman merupakan salah satu bentuk ruang terbuka kota yang belum efektif pemanfaatannya sebagai RTH. Karakteristik dan jenis makam yang ada di Indonesia seperti  tempat pemakaman umum (TPU) dan tempat pemakaman khusus (TPK) memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai ruang terbuka hijau. Pemanfaatan tempat pemakaman umum sebagai RTH dilakukan dengan membandingkan variabel-variabel dari tiap indikator  fungsi RTH, seperti fungsi sosial, fungsi fisik, dan fungsi estetika.  Kesimpulan yang dihasilkan berdasarkan fungsi fisik RTH kawasan pemakaman saat ini masih belum ada kawasan pemakaman umum yang secara optimal dapat berfungsi sebagai RTH. Kawasan Pemakaman yang memenuhi fungsi sosial  RTH  adalah TPU Islam, TPU Kristen, dan TPU tionghoa.  Sedangkan  Fungsi estetika  RTH dapat dipenuhi oleh tempat pemakaman Kristen dan Tionghoa. Green open space has now been changed into buildings. urban green space has been converted into residential areas, hotels, restaurants, shops, offices, highways, parking lots, gas stations, street vendors and other areas. This creates a dearth of green space in many urban areas in Indonesia. Ecological city planning is indispensable in all urban areas in Indonesia. Utilization of open space should be maximized ecologically. Cemetery is one of the urban open space that has not been effectively utilized as a green space. Characteristics cemetery in Indonesia as a public cemetery and the private cemetery have advantages and disadvantages for use as green open space. Analysis of the utilization of public cemeteries as open green space is done by comparing the variables of each indicator function of green open space, such as a social function, physical function, and aesthetic functions. The resulting conclusion is that no area of the public cemetery that optimally meets the physical function as green open space. Cemetery area which fulfills a social function of green open space is the Islamic cemetery, Christian cemetery, and Chinese cemetery. While the aesthetic function can be fulfilled by  Christian Cemetery dan Tionghoa cemetery

scholarly journals Municipal community gardens in the metropolitan area of Milano. Assessment and planning criteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Senes ◽  
Natalia Fumagalli ◽  
Paolo Stefano Ferrario ◽  
Daniele Gariboldi ◽  
Roberto Rovelli
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
The Road ◽  
Adequate Coverage

A <em>community garden</em> (CG) can generally be defined as a piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people that grow their produce on shared lots that have been divided into smaller plots. Some gardens are grown collectively, are divided into different plots for individual and family use; CGs are usually located in urban or peri-urban areas. As a growing portion of the urban open space network, CGs are contributing to land preservation, access to open space, and sustainable re-use of vacant land. They promote healthy communities and provide food security for many. In this context, the object of the study are the <em>municipal community gardens</em> (MCGs), a specific typology of CGs provided for land-use planning legislation and practice as an <em>urban service</em> with social function, made available to the community by the municipalities and assigned to be cultivated to citizens (usually seniors/retired people). In particular, the study aimed: i) to evaluate the presence of MCGs in the <em>città metropolitana di Milano</em> (the former province of Milano); and ii) to define criteria for new MCGs settlement, using existing geo-database and geographical information system to make it replicable in other settings. For the first topic the 133 municipalities of the former province of Milano (excluded the city of Milano) were analysed. Only 59 municipalities had presence of MCGs. The average area per capita of MCGs is 0.68 sq.m/inhab. (if we exclude Rodano, an outlier with 35 sq.m/inhab.). An overlay with land use map has permitted to define the relationships between the MCGs and their surrounding territory. The major part of MCGs are included in urban or suburban areas. For the second goal, the land area to be allocated for new MCGs was assessed for each municipality, comparing area of existing MCGs and a <em>minimum required area</em> (calculated on the basis of the inhabitants number). Finally a method was proposed to locate the new MCGs areas. Criteria used to identify suitable areas for new MCGs were: proximity to the road network inside residential areas, suitable land use, not high land capability. In this way it has been defined for each municipality the number of MCGs to be realized and their area, and located the potentially suitable sites. Choosing between the identified suitable areas, the new MCGs were homogeneously located on the territory of each municipality in order to ensure adequate coverage of residential areas; the degree of coverage has been verified through a <em>service area</em> analysis. The proposed method seems to be useful for the MCGs settlement at metropolitan/provincial level.

scholarly journals BUILT ENVIRONMENT: MODELLING THE URBAN SPACE

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 595-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Guzzetti ◽  
K. L. N. Anyabolu ◽  
L. D’Ambrosio ◽  
G. Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Complex Environment ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Environment Modelling

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In urban areas, the “built” is defined by many different elements. Not only buildings but also open spaces containing green areas, viability, urban furniture, underground facilities. While the H-BIM sector focuses, rightly, on buildings of great historical significance, in our case it is been consider a part of the built that it usually not analyse: the urban open space. One of the interesting themes is the possibility of having a single tool that integrates the different objects present in a complex environment such as the urban area. The process with BIM model could allow a huge saving in terms of time and costs considering public tender, maintenance or construction phase of a project. Facility management operating through BIM is another relevant theme considering the whole life of a construction. Finally, another important theme is the connections between elements above the ground (visible elements) and subsoil (not visible elements), not only for the administrations but also if related to the HBIM environment.</p><p>The paper reports the analysis of the experience performed, particularly related to questions about detail and accuracy of the BIM model.</p><p>A methodology for modelling open spaces is been assuming, it is described possible improvements and considerations on the result.</p>

scholarly journals Pattern of Public Green Open Space in Tembalang Settlement, Semarang

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 08002
Author(s):  
Intan Kusumo Dewi Diah ◽  
Susanti Retno ◽  
Nurini Nurini ◽  
Zulhamdi Zulhamdi
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
Settlement Area ◽  
The Road ◽  
Low Carbon City

Public green open space is the use of green open space that is focused on the public interest and is under the ownership and management of local government or local comunity. However, the existence of green open spaces is reduced due to the rapid development of education, housing and trading areas in Tembalang Semarang. Besides that, the high demand for settlement area in Tembalang increased along with the increase of population growth. The main problem that is usually faced in the settlement is green open space available is very limited. The limitation of green open space in residential areas is also caused by the absence of planning green space. This research is identified public green open space like the green line on the side of the road and neighborhood space/park, where low carbon city is a way to make sustainable urban envitronment by make settlement area to be green.

Morfologi Kota Bandung Pada Abad XX: Perspektif Historis

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Miftahul Falah
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
City Gates ◽  
The City ◽  
Planning Problems

AbstrakKota Bandung merupakan salah satu kota penting sejak masa penjajahan Belanda. Berawal dari sebuah kampung, Bandung kemudian berkembang seiring dengan kedudukannya sebagai pusat pemerintahan. Penelitian terhadap perkembangan Bandung sudah banyak dilakukan. Namun, aspek morfologis dari pertumbuhan Kota Bandung belum dikaji secara mendalam. Bagaimana pertumbuhan Kota Bandung pada Abad XX ditinjau dari aspek morfologi kota yang mencakup masalah kependudukan dan luas wilayah, areal terbangun, dan simbol kota? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan itu, dilakukan penelitian historis dengan menerapkan metode sejarah yang meliputi empat tahap, yakni heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertama, secara morfologis terdapat hubungan yang erat antara pertambahan penduduk dan perluasan wilayah kota; kedua, seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan perluasan wilayah, areal terbangun menjadi semakin meluas; ketiga, simbol-simbol kota yang mencakup tugu atau monumen, nama jalan, gerbang kota, dan bangunan menunjukkan ciri/karakter Kota Bandung sesuai dengan jiwa zaman (zeitgeist)-nya.Kata kunci: kota Bandung, penduduk, areal terbangun, ruang terbuka, simbol kotaAbstractBandung is one of the important cities since the Dutch colonial period. Starting from a village, Bandung then developed along with its position as a center of government. Research on the development of Bandung city has been done, but the morphological aspects of the growth of Bandung city have not been studied in depth yet. How is the growth of Bandung city in 20th century in terms of morphological aspects of the city that includes demographic land area, city planning problems, built up area, and the symbol of the city? The method used in this reasearch is historical method that deals with four steps, namely heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results show that, first, morphologically there is a close relationship between population growth and the expansion of urban areas; second, along with population growth and the expansion of urban areas, the built up area becomes even more widespread; third, urban symbolism that includes pillar or monument, street name, city gates, and buildings show traits or characters of Bandung in accordance with zeitgeist.Keywords: city of Bandung, demography, built up Area, open space, urban symbolism

scholarly journals Nourishing and protecting our urban ‘green’ space in a post-pandemic world

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Christopher Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
Urban Commons

‘Green spaces’ provide important cultural ecosystem services in our towns and cities. ‘Green’ space may come in many forms – for example parks, village greens, urban commons, or just neglected and undeveloped wasteland. But all of it is important as it can provide much needed space for open air recreation and exercise in crowded urban areas. The covid-19 pandemic and associated lockdown has shown just how important it is for us to have easy access to open space for recreation and exercise. But much of our green space is, in an age of austerity, under threat. Covid-19 has shown that we need to reappraise planning policy for the designation and protection of new areas of green space in our urban environment; to better protect existing open space, including village greens and commons; and to seek to rebalance planning policy to ensure that the drive for new housing does not take place at the expense of ensuring that adequate green space is provided for existing and future communities.

scholarly journals THE CHALLENGES OF PLANNING AND DESIGNING URBAN GREEN NETWORKS IN SCANDINAVIAN AND CHINESE CITIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Xiu ◽  
Maria Ignatieva ◽  
Cecil Konijnendijk van den Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Water System ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Network Concept ◽  
Planning Concepts

During the 20th century, a variety of concepts were developed aimed to provide frameworks for green space planning and design in urban areas. Both China and Scandinavia represent important experience in green space planning and management. However, none of the current concepts is generated based on the explicit combination of both a Western and Eastern context. In this paper, based on the analysis of various green space planning concepts and their development, a novel “hybrid’ approach is introduced. This “Green Network’ concept focuses on green and blue connectivity in urban areas and comprises the network of green spaces and the surface water system within and around settlements. The concept offers a platform for integrating best practices from Scandinavian and Chinese open space planning and can provide a guiding tool for sustainable urban development.

scholarly journals Green Open Space Functions in Kauman Area, Semarang City, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Intan Muning Harjanti ◽  
Pratamaningtyas Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Ecological Economic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Economic Function

Based on the results of identification and analysis related to the functions of green open space in Kelurahan Kauman, both private and public green open space, it was found that private green open space located in residential areas, office areas, education area, and in the worship area. Whereas existing public green open space is in the form of active parks, passive parks, green lane along the road border, green lane along the river border and green green space on the medians road. Private green open space in residential areas has ecological, economic and aesthetic functions; Private green open space in office areas is dominated by ecological functions; while green space in the areas of education, worship, trade and services, is dominated by ecological and aesthetic functions. Whereas public Green Open Space in the form of urban park has an economic function; Green Open Space green lane in the form of road borders, island road, and road median has ecological and aesthetic function; and Green Open Space with specific function in the form of river borders has the ecological and aesthetic function.

scholarly journals Urban Open Space as a Place for Social and Physical Well-being: Narratives from two Different Urban Settings of Kathmandu, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Timalsina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
Urban Greenery ◽  
Conversational Interviews

Increasing population and densification of the cities lead to increasing land value by the high demand of land for housing and other infrastructure developments are the reasons that tend to decreasing open spaces in Kathmandu Valley in general, and Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) in particular.  Urban open space has been considered as a place that is accessible to all residents and is important in the urban context as such space provides an opportunity as a place for social interaction, networking, recreation, and various physical health exercises. However, different social and economic contexts of the society reflect different patterns of its uses. Two different urban settings (core urban area having indigenous dominant population and fringe urban areas having migrants’ dominant population) have been taken as a basis for analysis in this paper to look at how different urban societies use open spaces differently. Open spaces are not only important for maintaining urban greenery and beauty but are valued for accumulating social capital and enhancing physical well-being to the urban communities. These issues are analyzed through the interpretative research methodology by collecting the data through in-depth interviews, key informants’ interviews, informal conversational interviews, and non-participatory observation from two different urban settings of KMC. 

scholarly journals How to Find Vacant Green Space in the Process of Urban Park Planning: Case Study in Ningbo (China)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8282
Author(s):  
Shunwei Ji ◽  
Renfeng Ma ◽  
Liyan Ren ◽  
Caijuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Residential Communities ◽  
Different Levels

Nature-based recreation in urban areas is essential for the well-being of citizens. Park green space (PGS) is a necessary urban infrastructure and a critical step of urban planning and policy-making. The existing research on PGS only focuses on service allocation problems existing in the current urban development, ignoring changes in residential communities accessibility. This research provides new ideas to evaluate PGS. Based on parks and residential communities’ data, we adopt an improved Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method to evaluate PGS accessibility in Ningbo (China) and its matching with different levels of residential areas. We present a case study in Ningbo, and discuss its implications for PGS management. This study contains two elements: (a) Compare the current and initial PGS accessibility of each community to accurately identify the communities with PGS vacancies. (b) Analyze and discuss the association between community accessibility and residential house prices. Compare the PGS coverage ratios of communities at different levels to determine the equity of PGS planning in Ningbo. We found that the level of PGS allocation in the central area of Ningbo is high. Obviously, high-value clusters are formed in Sanjiangkou, Zhenhai New Town, Southern and Eastern Yinzhou. The accessibility level in the middle area of Yinzhou is low, and there are super high accessibility residential communities in the outer city area. There is an exact period of green space vacancy in the middle and the outer area. The residential areas with ultra-high accessibility did not configure PGS services at the beginning of their construction. There is no noticeable difference in PGS accessibility of residential communities of different levels at present, but 149 low- and middle-income residential communities lack green space service when the construction was completed. High-end residential communities have priority on enjoying park green space services. Our study suggests that PGS accessibility should be studied temporally and spatially for each residential community. The Ningbo government should strengthen the balanced construction of green space in parks and guarantee green space services for low-end residential communities to improve green space equity.

scholarly journals Inclusive Parks across Ages: Multifunction and Urban Open Space Management for Children, Adolescents, and the Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9357
Author(s):  
Elin P. Sundevall ◽  
Märit Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
User Participation ◽  
Space Management ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
Multiple User ◽  
User Groups ◽  
The City

In urban areas where increased density has caused loss of urban open space (UOS), there is a need for high-quality parks that are inclusive and fit for multiple user groups. To make parks more inclusive, UOS management may need to consider multifunction and the perspectives of various age groups in future development and maintenance activities. Walking interviews were conducted in a park in central Landskrona, Sweden, with children, adolescents, and elderly users, and also with the head park manager of the city. The results revealed different perspectives among the three age groups of users concerning affordances and UOS management. The manager described user-oriented management to support multifunction and inclusion, including user participation. All user groups studied showed an appreciation of liveliness, contact with nature, social places for their own age group, clean and safe parks, and a variety of different atmospheres and activities in the park. Social multifunction can be developed in programmed or non-programmed ways, but some functions interfere with each other. UOS managers can develop parks to suit different age groups, promote user participation within management, and develop social multifunction to create inclusive parks for various age groups.

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