Development and Evaluation of a Program to Improve Understanding of Physical and Mental Health of Older Primiparas and Strengthen Marital Relationships: A Semi-Experimental Study without Control Groups
Objectives: Older primiparas are more likely to be at risk for physical and mental health problems. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a program to understand the physical and mental health of older primiparas and strengthen their marital relationship. Design: A semi-experimental study of one group without control groups. Method: Participants included 15 older primiparas Japanese couples who attended regular childbirth and childcare preparation classes held at two maternity hospitals in Japan. Participants responded to sociodemographic questions, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), questions regarding understanding, satisfaction, and utilization of the program (process evaluation), and the Quality Marriage Index (QMI; outcome evaluation). Data was collected before the pregnancy program and one and three months after childbirth. Results: Participants understood and were satisfied with the information provided in the program. There was no significant decrease in postpartum marital satisfaction after participating in the program. However, the usefulness assessment of the pregnancy program dropped to about 80% at one and three months after childbirth. Conclusions: Findings indicate that this program improves mutual understanding and sharing of thoughts and feelings between couples. It was suggested that a postnatal program be held so that the couple could continue learning after childbirth.