scholarly journals Morphometry of human tricuspid valve: A cadaveric study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4487-4491
Author(s):  
Kirti Chaudhary ◽  
Amey Dhatrak ◽  
Brij Raj Singh ◽  
Ujwal Gajbe
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Pathology ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Unidirectional Flow ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Flaps ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cardiac Surgeons ◽  
Formalin Fixed

The cardiovascular system consists of a pump represented by the heart and blood vessels, which provide the route by which blood circulates to all parts of the body. William Harvey, in the 17th century, discovered that blood is pumped away from the heart, but it all returns to the heart after circulating in the body. A right ventricular function can be compromised by pressure or stress, often secondary to the right heart valve or muscle pathology. The valves maintain unidirectional flow and permit increased pressure to develop in the chambers. The tricuspid valve consists of three tissue flaps. It separates the right atria and the right ventricle. To measure morphometric measurements of an individual leaflet of the tricuspid valve of cadaveric human hearts. The material for the present study comprised of 50 formalin-fixed adult human hearts (35 males and 15 females) which were obtained from the Department of Anatomy from various medical colleges in Maharashtra. Statistical significant difference was found for the height of anterior and posterior leaflets between male and female hearts. The length of the septal leaflet was also found to be statistically significant between male and female hearts. The study will be helpful for cardiac surgeons in providing data for tricuspid valve complex, leaflets, cords and papillary muscles.

DeVega versus ring annuloplasty in severe functional tricuspid insufficiency and their impact on the right ventricle

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Yasser Hamdy ◽  
Mohammed Mahmoud Mostafa ◽  
Ahmed Elminshawy
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Repair ◽  
Ring Annuloplasty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Background: Functional tricuspid valve regurgitation secondary to left-sided valve disease is common. DeVega repair is simple, but residual regurgitation with subsequent impairment of the right ventricular function is a concern. This study aims to compare tricuspid valve repair using DeVega vs. ring annuloplasty and their impact on the right ventricle in the early postoperative period and after six months. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 51 patients with rheumatic heart disease who underwent tricuspid valve repair for secondary severe tricuspid regurgitation. Patients were divided into two groups: group A; DeVega repair (n=34) and group B; ring annuloplasty repair (n=17). Patients were assessed clinically and by echocardiography before discharge and after six months for the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, right ventricular diameter and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Results: Preoperative echocardiographic assessment showed no difference in left ventricular end-systolic diameter, end-diastolic diameter, ejection fraction and right ventricular diameter, however; group A had significantly better preoperative right ventricular function measured by TAPSE (1.96 ± 0.27 vs1.75 ± 0.31 cm; p=0.02). Group B had significantly longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (127.65 ± 13.56 vs. 111.74 ± 18.74 minutes; p= 0.003) and ischemic time (99.06 ± 11.80 vs. 87.15 ± 16.01 minutes; p= 0.009). Pre-discharge, there was no statistically significant difference in the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, but the right ventricular diameter was significantly lower in group B (2.66 ± 0.41 and 2.40 ± 0.48 cm; p=0.049). After six months of follow up, the degree of tricuspid regurgitation (p= 0.029) and the right ventricular diameter were significantly lower in the ring annuloplasty group (2.56 ± 0.39 and 2.29 ± 0.44 cm; p=0.029). Although there was a statistically significant difference in preoperative TAPSE, this difference disappeared after six months. Conclusion: Both DeVega and ring annuloplasty techniques were effective in the early postoperative period, ring annuloplasty was associated with lesser residual regurgitation and better right ventricular remodeling in severe functional tricuspid regurgitation than DeVega procedure after 6-months of follow up.

scholarly journals PRE AND POSTPRANDIAL THERMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF GREEN IGUANAS (IGUANA IGUANA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Simona Rusu ◽  
Zdenek Knotek ◽  
Radu Lacatus ◽  
Ionel Papuc
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Green Iguanas ◽  
The Right ◽  
Head Temperature

Abstract The body temperature of 10 clinically healthy green iguanas (Iguana iguana) was measured using a thermographic camera (FLIR E6, Flir Systems Sweden) before and after the food was offered. For each animal there were performed a total of 6 measurements (3 before feeding and 3 after the food was offered). The purpose of this experiment was to observe the thermographic pattern of the body before and after the feeding, since herbivore reptiles tend to bask after the feeding to increase the body temperature that will help them afterwards digest the food. The animals were housed in individual vivariums with every animal having a basking spot available. The pictures were taken outside the vivarium in an adjacent room. The animals were handled with gloves and transported in a cardboard box in order to avoid heat transfer between the handler and the iguana that would have produced thermal artefacts. Each individual was placed on a table on a styrofoam slate, again, to avoid the heat transfer between the table and the animal`s body. For each animal a total of 4 pictures were taken (up, front, left and right). The pictures were analysed with the FLIR Tools program that is provided by the manufacturer and 3 temperatures were taken into consideration (the head temperature, body temperature on the right side and body temperature on the left side). The temperatures were compared between them and with the temperature of the vivariums that consisted of the average between the temperature in 3 different spots (basking spot, the feeding bowl site and the coldest spot) measured with an infrared thermometer GM300 (Benetech, China). The temperature of the body was dependent on the vivarium temperature and it was a significant temperature difference between the measurements before the feeding and after the feeding. Also we discovered a significant difference between the head temperature and the body temperature on the left side before the feeding that disappeared after the animals ate. There was also a significant difference between the temperature on right side and on left side of the animals both before and after the feeding. No significant temperature difference was observed between the head and the right side of the body neither before nor after the feeding.

Body Segment Contributions to Javelin Throwing during Final Thrust Phases

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mero Antti ◽  
Paavo V. Komi ◽  
Tapio Korjus ◽  
Enrique Navarro ◽  
Robert J. Gregor
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Segment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Body Center ◽  
Joint Center ◽  
The Right ◽  
Release Speed

This study investigated body segment contributions to javelin throwing during the last thrust phases. A 3-D analysis was performed on male and female javelin throwers during the finals of the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona. The subjects were videotaped from the right sight of the throwing area by two NAC high-speed cameras operating at 100 frames per second. Both men’s and women’s grip of javelin and body center of mass displayed a curved pathway to the right from the left (bracing) foot during the final foot contact. The position of the body center of mass decreased at the beginning of the final foot contact, but after the decrease period it began to increase. Simultaneously with the increase, the peak joint center speeds occurred in a proper sequence from proximal to distal segments and finally to the javelin at release. Release speed correlated significantly with throwing distance in both male and females.

scholarly journals Right-sided lateralization of skin temperature in healthy young persons

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Havva Demirel ◽  
Arzu Bahar ◽  
Nurcan Gokgoz ◽  
Muzeyyen Arslan ◽  
Senol Dane
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Node Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of

Purpose: Previous studies reported a peripheral immune asymmetry and lateralization of different paired organ cancers. Because of the close relationship of immune system with body temperature, the aim of the study was to test the possible lateralization of skin temperature. Materials and Methods: Four hundred sixty three healthy subjects (325 women, 138 men) with an average age of 23.62 years (SD = 8.65) participated in this study. All skin temperature measurements were done 8:00-9:00 a.m. Skin temperature was assessed for three different points in skin: axillary, thumb and external auditory. Results: Skin temperature was statistically significantly higher on the right side of the body than on the left side, when measured by axillary and thumb temperatures. But there was no statistically significant difference in external auditory temperature. Conclusion: The asymmetry of skin temperature may result from the peripheral immune asymmetry or the asymmetric lymph node distribution.

scholarly journals Temperature of representative areas of the breast department of the vegetative nervous system as the index of human organism functional state

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
S. Goncharevskyi ◽  
M. Makarchuk ◽  
V. Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Almost all processes in the human body in one way or another connected with the autonomic nervous system. That's why it is real to evaluate the functional state of the person by temperature characteristics of representative points of the autonomic nervous system. Location and information of these points are confirmed by fundamental research. However, simply measuring the temperature at some points may not be sufficient to establish any systematic changes in the human body. The establishment of such changes requires systematic assessment of interdependent significant relationships between these parameters.The main aim of our research was to study effects of myocardial infarction in the thoracic region of the autonomic nervous system. The temperature of representative areas of the thoracic autonomic nervous system we measured by infrared thermometer (Medisana FTO D-53340 , with an accuracy of 0.1 degree Celsius). Statistical analysis was conducted in the packet Statistics 10. The presence of a difference in the temperature coefficients of representative areas (p<0,05). For the left side of the spine characterized by a difference in Th1–Th5 segments, which confirms their diagnosis: Th1 – 0,931,12 (control) and -0,797,49 (experiment), Th2 – 1,571,12 and -0,486,70, Th3 – 1,582611,12325 and -0,663,36, Th4 – 0,85913 0,92611 and -1,74,64, Th5 – 0,923480,75469 and-1,615,73 respectively. For the right side of the thoracic spines: Th6 – 0,850,73 (control) and -0,797,49 (experiment), Th7 – -1,000,79 and -1,370,69, Th8 – -0,960,73 and -0,990,68, Th9 – -0,120,64 and -0,380,83, Th10 – -0,921,14 and -1,031,00, Th11 – -1,691,05 and -1,861,06, Th12- -1,651,15 and -1,961,12 respectively. We found that myocardial infarction is manifested in the thoracic spine. In an experimental group there is significant difference of temperature in all segments. We can also notice asymmetry of temperatue between the right and left side of the spine. In the test group there are a deviation from the normal temperature in the first five thoracic segments on the left side, which confirms their diagnosis. On the right side of the spine there are a deviation in the last seven segments, which may indicate the compensatory mechanisms of regulation of the system. We can observe the temperature asymmetry, which in long-term exposure can negatively affect to the body.

scholarly journals A Study of Family Stress among Non-Working Married Male and Female: A Special Reference with Rural Area of Patna

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Binay Kumar Bimal
Keyword(s):  
Family Stress ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strain Stress ◽  
Stress Inventory ◽  
Married Male

The present age has been called the age of stress and strain. Stress is defined as “the non-specific response of the body to any demand placed upon it”. The study seeks to assess the stress level among Non-Working married Male and female. Today every individual is stress prone. It was assumed that there will be no significant difference between married male and female when family stress is taken as a dependent variable and no significant difference in family stress between non-working married male and female separately. 200 married, 100 male and 100 female were the samples for the investigation. Family stress inventory, by Dr. Abha Rani Bisht (Hindi) was used. It was found that there was no difference in family stress between in married male and female. Further concluded that there was no difference in family stress of married non- working male and female when studied separately under joint influence of sex and age.

Evaluation of a screw insertion landmark for a minimally invasive repair technique in induced bilateral sacroiliac luxation in feline cadavers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110107
Author(s):  
Cheol-kyu Han ◽  
Jinsu Kang ◽  
Haebeom Lee ◽  
Namsoo Kim ◽  
Suyoung Heo
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
The Body ◽  
Insertion Point ◽  
Screw Insertion ◽  
Repair Technique ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
The Right

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe an alternative landmark for screw insertion into the body of the ilium with bilateral sacroiliac luxation in cats. Methods Seven cat cadavers with artificially induced bilateral sacroiliac luxation were used. The screw insertion point was determined using the caudal iliac crest and cranial acetabular rim. These two points make the first guideline; a second guideline ran perpendicular to the caudal iliac crest point. The screw insertion point was halfway along the second guideline across the ilium body. Surgery was performed in a minimally invasive manner using fluoroscopy. Results Postoperative radiographs and CT were performed. In the postoperative evaluation, the sacroiliac joint reduction percentage was almost 90% and there was no significant difference in pelvic canal diameter ratio before and after surgery. Screw depth/sacral width was >60% in all cadavers. On CT, the angle between the screw and sacrum wing was within the normal range of 96.24° to the left and 98.65° to the right, except in one case. Conclusions and relevance In previous studies, surgical repair was based on having an intact contralateral ilium. However, this method is not applicable to patients with bilateral sacroiliac luxation and is mostly performed using open reduction methods. The screw insertion point suggested in this study offers a potential alternative repair technique for patients with bilateral sacroiliac luxation.

scholarly journals Understanding the Characteristics of Pedestrians when Passing Obstacles of Different Sizes: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah N Alhawsawi ◽  
Majid Sarvi ◽  
Emad Felemban ◽  
Abbas Rajabifard ◽  
Jianyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
The Body ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Speed Level ◽  
Collective Movements ◽  
The Right ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this study is to understand the collective movements of individuals and to observe how individuals interact within a physical environment in a crowd dynamic, which has drawn the attention of many researchers. We conducted an experimental study to observe interactions in the collective motions of people and to identify characteristics of pedestrians when passing obstacles of different sizes (bar-shaped, 1.2 m, 2.4 m, 3.6 m and 4.8 m), going through one narrow exit and employing three different flow rates in walking and running conditions. According to the results of our study, there were no differences in collision-avoidance behaviour of pedestrians when walking or running. The pedestrians reacted early to the obstacles and changed the direction in which they were walking by quickly turning to the left or to the right. In terms of the speed of the pedestrians, the average velocity was significantly affected while performing these tasks, decreasing as the size of the obstacle increased; therefore, the size of obstacles will affect flow and speed levels. Travel time was shorter when participants were in the medium-flow rate experiments. In terms of the distance of each individual’s travel, our data showed that there was no significant difference in all the flow rate experiments for both speed levels. Our results also show that when the pedestrians crossed an obstacle, the lateral distance averaged from 0.3 m to 0.7 m, depending on the flow rate and speed level. We then explored how the body sways behaved while avoiding obstacles. It is observed that the average sway of the body was less in the high-speed conditions compared to the low-speed conditions – except for the HF & 4.8 m experiment. These results are expected to provide an insight into the characteristics of the behaviour of pedestrians when avoiding objects, and this could help enhance agent-based models.

scholarly journals Performances Body Dimensions of Bali Cattle of Traditional Livestock in Southeast Sulawesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Harapin Hafid
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
Student’S T

This study aims to determine the comparison of body measurements and body weight of male and female Balinese cows. The research was at the Kendari City Slaughterhouse. Measuring 94 Bali cows consisting of 47 males and 47 females aged 1-3 years. Data were analyzed by Student's T-test. The results showed that the average male body weight was 191.30 kg and female 181.98 kg. The average body measurements of male and female Balinese cows are body length (114.11 cm and 110.15 cm), gumba height (111.68 cm and 109.60 cm), chest circumference (149.30 cm and 146.15 cm), front canon bone circumference (14.89 cm and 14.75 cm), rear canon bone circumference (16.67 cm and 16.63 cm). Where there is no significant difference in linear body measurements in the two sexes of cattle (p> 0.05). It was concluded that the linear measurements of the bodies of Balinese male and female cattle from traditional livestock breeding in Sulawesi Sulawesi were relatively uniform. But quantitatively the body measurements of male Bali cattle are relatively higher compared to female Bali cattle.

#BodyIssue and Instagram: A Gender Disparity in Conversation, Coverage, and Content in ESPN The Magazine

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-353
Author(s):  
Sara Santarossa ◽  
Paige Coyne ◽  
Sarah J. Woodruff ◽  
Craig G. Greenham
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sport Culture ◽  
Potential Impact

ESPN The Magazine’s The Body Issue positions itself as an inclusive and sport-focused publication. With a focus on gender, the purpose of the current study was to examine the online thoughts and opinions that resulted from #BodyIssue on Instagram. In addition, the Instagram posting activity of ESPN (@espn) and espnW (@espnw) as it pertained to the promotion of the featured athletes and the Instagram accounts of the athletes featured in the 2016 Body Issue were explored. A text and network analysis surrounding #BodyIssue for both male and female Body Issue athletes was conducted using the Netlytic program. Manual Instagram tracking of @espn and @espnw, as well as the featured athletes’ accounts, was performed. In its entirety, this study was conducted between June 29 and July 13, 2016. Online thoughts and opinions, although differing by gender, were generally positive, with a large focus on physical form, not sexuality and/or nudity. Furthermore, a gender disparity was reported in regard to ESPN Inc.’s Instagram posting activity, with @espn choosing only to celebrate its male Body Issue athletes on Instagram and @espnw only posting about 2 of the 9 female athletes. There was a significant difference in the number of Instagram followers for the female athletes 1 wk prior to the online release of the issue (M = 105,767.78, SD = 141,193.71) and 1 wk postrelease (M = 109,742.56, SD = 142,890.11), t(8) = −4.29, p = .003. Further analyses of other Body Issue editions is needed to continue investigating this gender disparity and its potential impact on athletes, sport culture, and social attitudes.

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