scholarly journals MULTIPARAMETRIC RECOGNITION OF ORGANIC VAPORS BY USING A GAS SENSOR BASED ON A NANOSTRUCTURED TIN DIOXIDE FILM

2021 ◽  
pp. 852-859
Author(s):  
Никита Александрович Клычков ◽  
Вячеслав Владимирович Симаков ◽  
Илья Владимирович Синёв ◽  
Дмитрий Александрович Тимошенко
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Saturated Vapor ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Organic Vapors ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Исследовано влияние паров органических веществ (изопропанола, этанола и ацетона) различной концентрации на отклик сенсоров газа на основе наноструктурированных пленок диоксида олова, синтезированных золь-гель методом. Экспериментально установлено, что напуск газовых проб, содержащих пары органических веществ, приводит к увеличению проводимости наноструктурированных пленок диоксида олова. В области высоких концентраций (более 50% от насыщенного пара) концентрационная зависимость проводимости имеет тенденцию к насыщению. Показана возможность распознавания сорта примесного газа с помощью статистической обработки отклика только одного сенсора при различных концентрациях анализируемой пробы. Определено положение поверхностного донорного уровня примесного газа относительно акцепторного уровня кислорода и теплота десорбции частиц исследуемых газов. Предложен новый метод мультипараметрического распознавания газовых смесей, основанный на использование в качестве признаков классификации физико-химических параметров анализируемых газов, не зависящих от их концентрации. Установлено, что предложенный метод мультипараметрического распознавания газовых смесей имеет более высокую надежность по сравнению со стандартными методами, основанными на анализе отклика сенсоров газа. The influence of organic vapors (isopropanol, ethanol, and acetone) with different concentrations in air on a response gas sensor based on nanostructured tin dioxide films synthesized by the sol-gel method was studied. It was found experimentally that inject of the gas mixtures containing organic vapors into measure chamber results to an increase of the conductivity of nanostructured tin dioxide films. In the area of high concentrations (more than 50% of saturated vapor), the concentration dependence of conductivity trends to saturation. The recognizing possibility of species gas admixture by using statistical processing of response only single sensor at different analyzed gas mixture concentrations is validated. The surface donor level of gas-reducing relative to acceptor level oxygen and desorption heat of gas particle were determined. A new method based multiparametric recognition gas mixtures is proposed based on using concentration-independent physical and chemical parameters of analyzed gases as classification properties. It is shown that proposed multiparametric recognition method has higher reliability in comparison with standard methods based on the analysis gas sensor response.

scholarly journals Humidity-Insensitive NO2 Sensors Based on SnO2/rGO Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingyi Wang ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Fuqin Sun ◽  
Tie Li ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
High Level ◽  
P Type

This study reported a novel humidity-insensitive nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas sensor based on tin dioxide (SnO2)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites through the sol-gel method. The sensor demonstrated ppb-level NO2 detection in p-type sensing behaviors (13.6% response to 750 ppb). Because of the synergistic effect on SnO2/rGO p-n heterojunction, the sensing performance was greatly enhanced compared to that of bare rGO. The limit of detection of sensors was as low as 6.7 ppb under dry air. Moreover, benefited from the formed superhydrophobic structure of the SnO2/rGO composites (contact angle: 149.0°), the humidity showed a negligible influence on the dynamic response (Sg) of the sensor to different concentration of NO2 when increasing the relative humidity (RH) from 0 to 70% at 116°C. The relative conductivity of the sensor to 83% relative humidity was 0.11%. In addition, the response ratio (Sg/SRH) between 750 ppb NO2 and 83% RH was 649.0, indicating the negligible impaction of high-level ambient humidity on the sensor. The as-fabricated humidity-insensitive gas sensor can promise NO2 detection in real-world applications such as safety alarm, chemical engineering, and so on.

Single Sensor Gas Analysis Using a Microfluidic Channel

2011 ◽  
Vol 495 ◽  
pp. 302-305
Author(s):  
Vahid Ghafarinia ◽  
Faramarz Hossein-Babaei
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Free Diffusion ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Gaseous Analytes

We have recently disclosed a novel technique for gas analysis based on monitoring the free diffusion-physisorption of the analytes in a microfluidic channel. Equipped with a single general gas sensor, the prototype can recognize variety of gases and gas mixtures. Here, the structural details of the fabricated prototype are given. The performance of the prototype is demonstrated by presenting analysis results obtained for a number of pure and mixed gaseous analytes.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF RESPONSE OF A SENSOR BASED ON A NANOSTRUCTURED TIN DIOXIDE LAYER EXPOSED TO THE ISOPROPANOL VAPORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 708-716
Author(s):  
Никита Александрович Клычков ◽  
Вячеслав Владимирович Симаков ◽  
Илья Владимирович Синёв ◽  
Дмитрий Александрович Тимошенко
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Adsorbed Oxygen ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Chemisorbed Oxygen ◽  
Dioxide Film

С помощью золь-гель технологии синтезированы наноструктурированные газочувствительные пленки диоксида олова. Исследовано влияние температуры на проводимость сенсора в атмосфере очищенного воздуха, на величину отклика сенсора при воздействии паров изопропанола различной концентрации. На температурной зависимости проводимости плёнки диоксида олова в атмосфере чистого воздуха наблюдается локальный минимум. Уменьшение проводимости с ростом температуры в диапазоне 300...350С может быть связано с диссоциацией молекулярной формы адсорбированного кислорода. При температурах выше 350 °С проводимость возрастает из-за десорбции атомарной формы адсорбированного кислорода с поверхности газочувствительного слоя диоксида олова. Обнаружено, что наибольший отклик к газовым пробам достигается при рабочей температуре сенсора порядка 350°С. Предполагается, что это обусловлено наличием на поверхности атомарной формы хемосорбированного кислорода. Проведен анализ концентрационных и температурных зависимостей времени отклика сенсора при воздействии паров изопропанола. Время отклика сенсора монотонно уменьшается с повышением содержания примеси в газовых пробах, по-видимому, из-за увеличения скорости адсорбции частиц примеси из газовой фазы на поверхность газочувствительного слоя. Установлено, что зависимость времени отклика от рабочей температуры имеет аррениусовский вид, что может быть связано с термоактивированными адсорбционно-десорбционными и гетерогенными химическими процессами на поверхности активного слоя сенсора. Nanostructured gas-sensitive tin dioxide films have been synthesized by sol-gel technology. A conductivity vs temperature dependence of a gas sensor into atmosphere of synthetic air has been investigated. A response vs temperature dependence of a gas sensor into atmosphere of isopropanol vapors with various concentrations has been investigated. Local minimum on the temperature dependence of the tin dioxide film conductivity in clean air atmosphere were observed. A decrease in conductivity with increase temperature in the range of 300...350 °C can be associated with a dissociation molecular form of the adsorbed oxygen. At temperatures above 350 °C, conductivity increases because of desorption of the atomic form of the adsorbed oxygen on the surface of gas-sensitive tin dioxide film. The greatest response value is achieved at a sensor temperature equal to 350 °C. It is proposed that the reason is a domination of the atomic form of the chemisorbed oxygen on the surface. The analysis of response time vs concentration and response time vs temperature of gas sensor has been carried out. Sensor response time decreases monotonically with increase admixture substance in gas-probes, apparently because of increase in adsorption rate admixture particles on the surface of gas-sensitive film. It was found that the dependence of the response time on the operating temperature has an Arrhenius form. This may be associated with thermally activated adsorption-desorption processes and heterogeneous chemical reactions on the surface of sensor active layer.

Gas chromatographic study on adsorption selectivity of tin dioxide gas sensor to organic vapors

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 156-158
Author(s):  
Dakai Wang ◽  
Lingzhi Ma ◽  
Guoliang Zhao ◽  
Zhenan Tang ◽  
Philip C.H. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Chromatographic Study ◽  
Adsorption Selectivity ◽  
Organic Vapors

Mesoscopic gelation of chitosan and genipin at below critical concentrations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Engwer ◽  
Ronja Loy ◽  
Ioannis S. Chronakis ◽  
Ana C. Mendes ◽  
Francisco M. Goycoolea
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Small Deformation ◽  
Macroscopic Appearance ◽  
Critical Concentrations ◽  
Gelation Kinetics ◽  
Gardenia Jasminoides ◽  
Sol Gel Transition ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
High Concentrations

Genipin is increasingly used as a crosslinking agent for chitosans due to its low cytotoxicity as a naturally occurring extract of the plant <i>Gardenia jasminoides</i>. Genipin reacts with the primary amino groups of chitosan to form blue hydrogels. We studied the gelation kinetics of different chitosans varying in their properties (molar mass 34 000-213 000 g mol<sup>-1</sup>, degree of acetylation 9-20%) and genipin in detail. We found that critical sol-gel transition times obtained from dynamic light scattering were in good agreement with the results obtained by small deformation oscillatory rheometry and microviscosimetry at high concentrations of chitosan. However, at below critical concentrations, we found a second regime of gelation that followed the same Ross-Murphy's gelation kinetics. The macroscopic appearance of these samples was a suspension of weak gel-like particles that were sensitive to mechanical forces. We believe that the material is a mesoscopic gel, as described for other polymers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this phenomenon has been described for the gelling system of chitosan and genipin.

scholarly journals Decoration of CuO NWs Gas Sensor with ZnO NPs for Improving NO2 Sensing Characteristics

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hee Han ◽  
So-Young Bak ◽  
Sangwoo Kim ◽  
Se Hyeong Lee ◽  
Ye-Ji Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Semiconductor Gas Sensor ◽  
Initial Resistance ◽  
P Type ◽  
Sensing Characteristics

This paper introduces a method for improving the sensitivity to NO2 gas of a p-type metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor. The gas sensor was fabricated using CuO nanowires (NWs) grown through thermal oxidation and decorated with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) using a sol-gel method. The CuO gas sensor with a ZnO heterojunction exhibited better sensitivity to NO2 gas than the pristine CuO gas sensor. The heterojunction in CuO/ZnO gas sensors caused a decrease in the width of the hole accumulation layer (HAL) and an increase in the initial resistance. The possibility to influence the width of the HAL helped improve the NO2 sensing characteristics of the gas sensor. The growth morphology, atomic composition, and crystal structure of the gas sensors were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, respectively.

scholarly journals The Influence Of NO/O2 On The NOx Storage Properties Over A Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1459-1465
Author(s):  
Xuedong Feng ◽  
Jing Yi ◽  
Peng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
No Oxidation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Storage Performance ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

AbstractWith the purpose of studying the influence of NO/O2 on the NOx storage activity, a Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was synthesized by an acid-aided sol-gel method. The physical and chemical properties of the catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) methods. The results showed that the composition of the catalyst was well-crystallized and the crystalline size of CeO2 (111) was about 5.7 nm. The mechanism of NO and NO2 storage and NOx temperature programmed desorption (NO-TPD) experiments were investigated to evaluate the NOx storage capacity of the catalyst. Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 catalyst presented the supreme NOx storage performance at 350℃, and the maximum value reached to 668.8 μmol / gcat. Compared with O2-free condition, NO oxidation to NO2 by O2 had a beneficial effect on the storage performance of NOx. NO-TPD test results showed that the NOx species stored on the catalyst surface still kept relatively stable even below 350℃.

scholarly journals Photocrosslinking and photopatterning of magneto-optical nanocomposite sol–gel thin film under deep-UV irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bidaud ◽  
D. Berling ◽  
D. Jamon ◽  
E. Gamet ◽  
S. Neveu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Cobalt Ferrite ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Nanocomposite Thin Films ◽  
Deep Uv ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
193 Nm ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper is aimed at investigating the process of photocrosslinking under Deep-UV irradiation of nanocomposite thin films doped with cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). This material is composed of a hybrid sol–gel matrix in which MNP can be introduced with high concentrations up to 20 vol%. Deep-UV (193 nm) is not only interesting for high-resolution patterning but we also show an efficient photopolymerization pathway even in the presence of high concentration of MNPs. In this study, we demonstrate that the photocrosslinking is based on the free radical polymerization of the methacrylate functions of the hybrid precursor. This process is initiated by Titanium-oxo clusters. The impact of the nanoparticles on the photopolymerization kinetic and photopatterning is investigated. We finally show that the photosensitive nanocomposite is suitable to obtain micropatterns with sub-micron resolution, with a simple and versatile process, which opens many opportunities for fabrication of miniaturized magneto-optical devices for photonic applications.

Effect of aging heat time and annealing temperature on the properties of nanocrystalline tin dioxide thin films

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1750114
Author(s):  
Imad H. Kadhim ◽  
H. Abu Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Stable Solution ◽  
Solution Viscosity ◽  
Pure Ethanol ◽  
Rutile Structure ◽  
Heat Time ◽  
Chloride Dihydrate ◽  
P Type

Nanocrystalline tin dioxide (SnO2) thin films have been successfully prepared by sol–gel spin-coating technique on p-type Si (100) substrates. A stable solution was prepared by mixing tin(II) chloride dihydrate, pure ethanol, and glycerin. Temperature affects the properties of SnO2 thin films, particularly the crystallite size where the crystallization of SnO2 with tetragonal rutile structure is achieved when thin films that prepared under different aging heat times are annealed at 400[Formula: see text]C. By increasing aging heat time in the presence of annealing temperatures the FESEM images indicated that the thickness of the fabricated film was directly proportional to solution viscosity, increasing from approximately 380 nm to 744 nm, as well as the crystallization of the thin films improved and reduced defects.

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