scholarly journals A NEW AND SUSTAINABLE PKL ELECTRICITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Khan ◽  
Shahinul Islam ◽  
M. A. Saime ◽  
S. R. Rasel ◽  
Sazzad Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Maximum Efficiency

A new method of electricity generation based on Pathor Kuchi Leaf (Genus: Kalanchoe, Section: Bryophyllum) has been developed at the Department of Physics, Jagannath University, Dhaka- 1100, Bangladesh. This electricity generation method has several advantages for smart grid over the conventional electricity production. This sustainable method is likely to generate the employment at particularly in the rural areas of where grid electricity is absent. This research work reports an invention made on Pathor Kuchi Leaf (PKL) electric power plant to enhance the PKL electricity production. The efficiency of the PKl electricity production device, Short Circuit Current ( Isc ), Open circuit Voltage ( Voc ), Temperature effect of the PKL malt, pH of the PKL malt, Titratable acidity of the PKL malt, Generation of PKL electricity, Storage system of the PKL electricity, Particular utilization of PKL electricity, I-V characteristics of the PKL, Classification of PKL, Longevity of PKL malt for PKL electricity generation, Preparation of PKL electric unit cell, module, panel, arrays and the constituent elements of the PKL, Voltage regulation, Internal resistance of the cell and efficiency of the cell have been studied. The chemical reactions of the PKL electrochemical cell have also been studied. In experimental study, it is shown that the maximum efficiency of the PKL electricity production device is ≈ 34%, the pH of the PKL malt is ≈ 4.6(without water), pH of the PKL malt is ≈ 4.8 (with 10% solution), the titratable acidity of the PKL malt is ≈ 0.88%. Most of the results have been tabulated and graphically discussed.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PKL (PATHOR KUCHI LEAF) ELECTRICITY FOR USE IN TELEVISION AND RADIO

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
K.A. Khan ◽  
Shahinul Islam ◽  
S. R. Rasel ◽  
M. A. Saime ◽  
Sazzad Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Constituent Elements

A new method of electricity generation based on Pathor Kuchi (Genus:Kalanchoe,Section:Bryophyllum) Leaf has been designed and developed at the Department of Physics, Jagannath University,Dhaka- 1100,Bangladesh.For accurate sizing of Television and Radio PKL electric modules are necessary to optimize the module size for operation. It was realized that a vast majority of rural households in Bangladesh were left unelectrified by conventional gas based electricity. The field performance studies of the technical aspects, the projected specific capital cost and the average daily generation and efficiency of the PKL module have been found for both Radio and TV from collected data. Attempts have been made to correlate certain measurable parameters with anticipated performance of the PKL system. Chemical, physical and mechanical properties of the PKL, Short Circuit Current (ISC), Open Circuit Voltage (VOC),Temperature effect of the PKL malt, pH of the PKL malt, Titratable acidity of the PKL malt, Generation of PKL electricity, Storage system of the PKL electricity, Practical utilization of PKL electricity use in Load(Television and Radio), Classification of PKL, Longevity of the PKL malt for PKL electricity generation, Preparation of PKL electric unit cell, module, panel, arrays and the constituent elements of the PKL have been studied. In experimental study, it is shown that ,the pH of the PKL malt is ≈ 4.6 (without water), pH of the PKL malt is ≈ 4.8(with 10% solution), the titratable acidity of the PKL malt is ≈ 0.88% and the constituent elements/ ions of the PKL malt is Fe++ and Cl-. Most of the results have been tabulated and graphically discussed.

scholarly journals Synchronous organics removal and copper reduction in semiconductor wastewater with energy recuperation via photocatalytic fuel cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Sze-Mun Lam ◽  
Man-Kit Choong ◽  
Jin-Chung Sin ◽  
Honghu Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Optimal Test ◽  
Energy Recuperation

An effective PFC constructed from ZnO/Zn photoanode and carbon cloth cathode has been proposed to oxidatively degrade organics and reductively treat Cu (II) in the semiconductor wastewater accompanied with electricity production. The cell electrical performance with open circuit voltage of 835 V, maximum power density of 0.003623 mW cm-2 and short circuit current density of 0.0506 mA cm-2 can be obtained using optimized catalyst loading of 1.0 g L-1 and semiconductor wastewater concentration of 10 mg L-1. Under the optimal test, more photogenerated electrons will be facilitated for charge carrier separation in the photoanode, accelerating the organics degradation on anode, and subsequently the electron migrating to cathode for Cu (II) reduction. A complete mineralization with 10 mg L-1 COD and more than 70% Cu (II) removal efficiency can be attained within 180 min. A good reproducibility test has been also witnessed because of the stable photoanode and cathode materials. This work may pave an effective and sustainable approach to concurrently eliminate two kinds of contaminants with energy recuperation in a single chamber.

Fabrication and characterization of piezoelectric nanogenerator based on Al/ZnO/Au structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubeen Zafar ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Awais ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Amir Razaq ◽  
Gul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

Purpose The purpose of this research work is to harvest energy using the piezoelectric properties of ZnO nanowires (NW). Fabrication and characterization of the piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG), based on Al/ZnO/Au structure without using hosting layer, were done to harvest energy. The proposed method has full potential to harvest the cost-effective energy. Design/methodology/approach ZnO NW were fabricated between the thin layers of Al- and Au-coated substrates for the development of piezoelectric NG. To grow ZnO NW, ZnO seed layer was prepared on the Al-coated substrate, and then ZnO NW were grown by aqueous chemical growth method. Finally, Au top electrode was used to conclude the Al/ZnO/Au NG structure. The Al and Au electrodes were used to establish the ohmic and Schottky contacts with ZnO NW, respectively. Findings Surface morphology of the fabricated device was done by using scanning electron microscopy, and electrical characterization of the sample was performed with digital oscilloscope, picoammeter and voltmeter. The energy harvesting experiment was performed to excite the presented device. The fabricated piezoelectric-sensitive device revealed the maximum open circuit voltage up to 5 V and maximum short circuit current up to 30 nA, with a maximum power of 150 nW. Consequently, it was also shown that the output of the fabricated device was increased by applying the stress. The presented work will help for the openings to capture the mechanical energy from the surroundings to power up the nano/micro-devices. This research work shows that NGs have the competency to build the self-powered nanosystems. It has potential applications in biosensing and personal electronics. Originality/value The fabrication of simple and cost-effective piezoelectric NG is done with a structure of Al/ZnO/Au without using hosting layer. The presented method elucidates an efficient and cost-effective approach to harvest the mechanical energy from the native environment.

Optimal Design of MPPT Controllers for Grid Connected Photovoltaic Array System

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ebrahim ◽  
H. A. AbdelHadi ◽  
H. M. Mahmoud ◽  
E. M. Saied ◽  
M. M. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Power System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
System Dynamic ◽  
Photovoltaic Array

Abstract Integrating photovoltaic (PV) plants into electric power system exhibits challenges to power system dynamic performance. These challenges stem primarily from the natural characteristics of PV plants, which differ in some respects from the conventional plants. The most significant challenge is how to extract and regulate the maximum power from the sun. This paper presents the optimal design for the most commonly used Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques based on Proportional Integral tuned by Particle Swarm Optimization (PI-PSO). These suggested techniques are, (1) the incremental conductance, (2) perturb and observe, (3) fractional short circuit current and (4) fractional open circuit voltage techniques. This research work provides a comprehensive comparative study with the energy availability ratio from photovoltaic panels. The simulation results proved that the proposed controllers have an impressive tracking response. The system dynamic performance improved greatly using the proposed controllers.

scholarly journals Effects of the Boron-Doped p+Emitter on the Efficiency of the n-Type Silicon Solar Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Young Kim ◽  
Jeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Doping Level ◽  
Silicon Solar Cell ◽  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Type Silicon

The optimum structure of the p+emitter for the n-type silicon solar cell was determined with the simulation of the boron doping concentration. The boron concentration (NB) in the p+emitter was varied in the range of1×1017and2×1022 atoms/cm3while maintaining the base doping concentration at2×1016 atoms/cm3. With the increase of the boron concentration, the open circuit voltage (VOC) of the cell increased up to 0.525 V and then was nearly saturated atNB>5×1018 atoms/cm3. On the other hand, the short circuit current density (JSC) began to decrease atNB>1×1019 atoms/cm3due to the increase of the surface recombination loss, and without considering the variation of the contact resistance along the emitter doping level, the maximum efficiency of the cell was obtained at aroundNB=5×1018 atoms/cm3. While the contact resistance of the electrode decreases with the increase of the doping concentration in the p+emitter, and with consideration of the variation of the contact resistance, the optimum value ofNBfor maximum efficiency shifted to the higher doping level.

Effect of operational parameters on cow dung mediated microbial fuel cell

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Sethia ◽  
Alka Kaushik ◽  
S. K. Jadhav ◽  
Afaque Quraishi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
A Current

A new approach in the field of renewable energy is- the microbial fuel cells (MFCs). It is a technique to produce bioelectricity from available organic waste. It is helpful to fulfill the lighting requirements of rural areas. The aim of our research work is to construct twocompartment system and to study various parameters like performance of the different combination of electrodes, optimization of pH and temperature. In this study, using bacteria as biocatalyst, the naturally found cow dung was used to generate an open circuit voltage of 0.84 ± 0.010 V and a current of 3.51 ± 0.620 mA. Optimization of various parameters shows that among different temperature range, 37°C temperature gives the highest voltage production of 0.84 ± 0.091 V and current of 3.08 ± 0.512 mA. In case of pH there are not any significant changes were found when pH range is changed. Although, pH 4.0 is found to be more efficient as it produces voltage of 0.90 ± 0.045 V and current of 4.85 ± 0.587 mA. Furthermore, three electrogenic bacterial strains were isolated and studied for their electrogenic properties individually and among them CDB-3 was found best in their performance.

scholarly journals A Photovoltaic-Fed Z-Source Inverter Motor Drive with Fault-Tolerant Capability for Rural Irrigation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4630
Author(s):  
Vivek Sharma ◽  
M. J. Hossain ◽  
S. M. Nawazish Ali ◽  
Muhammad Kashif
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Harmonic Spectrum ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Voltage Output

In recent years, photovoltaic (PV) systems have emerged as economical solutions for irrigation systems in rural areas. However, they are characterized by low voltage output and less reliable configurations. To address this issue in this paper, a promising inverter configuration called Impedance (Z)-source inverter (ZSI) is designed and implemented to obtain high voltage output with single-stage power conversion, particularly suitable for irrigation application. An improved and efficient modulation scheme and design specifications of the network parameters are derived. Additionally, a suitable fault-tolerant strategy is developed and implemented to improve reliability and efficiency. It incorporates an additional redundant leg with an improved control strategy to facilitate the fault-tolerant operation. The proposed fault-tolerant circuit is designed to handle switch failures of the inverter modules due to the open-circuit and short-circuit faults. The relevant simulation and experimental results under normal, faulty and post-fault operation are presented. The post-fault operation characteristics are identical to the normal operation. The motor performance characteristics such as load current, torque, harmonic spectrum, and efficiency are thoroughly analysed to prove the suitability of the proposed system for irrigation applications. This study provides an efficient and economical solution for rural irrigation utilized in developing countries, for example, India.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of front grid metallization pattern on the performance of silicon solar cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Siraj ◽  
Sofia Akbar Tahir ◽  
Adnan Ali
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Silicon Solar Cell ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of this research work was to assess the impact of front and rear grid metallization pattern on the performance of silicon solar cells. We have investigated the effect of front grid metallization design and geometry on the open-circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF) and efficiency (ŋ) of silicon solar cells by using Griddler 2.5 simulation program. We used different number of metal fingers ranging from 80–120 having width of 60 µm and different number of busbars ranging from 1–5 busbars on the front and rear side of solar cells for optimization. We have also calculated the efficiency and fill factor at different values of front contact resistance ranging from (0.1–100) mohm-cm2, front and rare layer sheet resistances ranging from (60–110) ohm/sq and different edge gaps. We found that the maximum efficiency and fill factor was obtained with those parameters, when front and rare contact resistances were taken as same. We have designed an optimized silicon solar cell with 115 number of fingers, 4 busbars, front and rare contact resistance of 0.1 mohm-cm2 and front and rare layer sheet resistance of 60 ohm/sq. In this way we were able to successfully optimize the silicon solar cell having efficiency and fill factor of 19.49 % and 81.36 % respectively, for our best optimized silicon solar cell.

scholarly journals Production of electricity employing sewerage lines using a micro cross flow turbine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hamza Tahir ◽  
Shoukat Ali Mugheri ◽  
Salman Ahmad ◽  
Mughees Shahid ◽  
Nouman Zaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Cost Efficient

In the design of cross flow turbines, efficiency is a significant parameter. The crossflow turbine for developing nations is the most cost-efficient electricity generation source and often used in isolated power systems. This research work analyzes the potential of electricity production using a micro-cross flow turbine from sewage lines. To measure the hydraulic potential of the sewage’s wastewater, flow rate at the connection point was investigated by experimentation on site and the efficiency of the micro cross flow turbine was evaluated. The experimental results show that the hydraulic potential of the selected point for electricity production is enough throughout the year. It also shows that the micro-cross flow turbine can be used effectively to produce electricity from the sewage at the link points. The highest efficient 2 mm head was observed with a maximum flow rate of 0.112 m3/s. Depending on the flow rate, the turbine velocity was 103-263 rpm. The maximum power of shaft was 284.58 W and the highest power generated was 196.24 W. The maximum overall efficiency was 68.2%. This article discusses the design, efficiency, operation and cost of low-head micro crossflow turbines. Keywords: Electricity Generation, Hydraulic Potential, Micro Cross Flow Turbine, Sewage

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of PV Panel Configurations Considering PSC’s for PV Standalone Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-852
Author(s):  
Asadi Suresh Kumar ◽  
Vyza Usha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Current Maximum ◽  
Power Point

One of the major concerns for continuous solar photovoltaic (PV) generation is partial shading. The movement of clouds, shadow of buildings, trees, birds, litter and dust, etc., can lead to partial shadow conditions (PSCs). The PSCs have caused inconsistent power losses in the PV modules. This leads to a shortage of electricity production and the presence in the PV curve of several peaks. One of the simplest solutions to PSC’s is the PV configurations. The objective of this paper is modelling and simulation of solar PV system in various shading scenarios for KC200GT 200 W, 5 x 5 configurations that includes Series/Parallel (SP), Total-Cross-Tied (TCT), Triple-Tied (TT), Bridge-Link (BL) configurations. Real time PSC’s such as corner, center, frame, random, diagonal, right side end shading conditions are evaluated under all PV array configurations. A comparative analysis is carried out for the parameters such as open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum power point, panel mismatch losses, fill factor, efficiency under all PV configurations considering PSC’s. From the comparison analysis best configuration will be presented.

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