scholarly journals RARE ACTINOMYCETES FROM KUANTAN MANGROVE FOREST SEDIMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Zaima Azira Zainal Abidin ◽  
Nurfathiah Abdul Malek ◽  
Nur Huda Mohd Zin ◽  
Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Natural Product Discovery ◽  
Rare Actinomycetes ◽  
Nocardia Sp ◽  
Rhodococcus Sp

Actinomycetes are prolific secondary metabolites producer, and they are sought after for their unparalleled capability. Mangrove forests are among the underexplored locations in search of new resources of actinomycetes. Bioprospecting of actinomycetes in Kuantan mangrove forests has revealed highly diverse actinomycetes with high antimicrobial properties. Members of the rare genera successfully isolated include Micromonospora sp., Pseudonocardia sp., Verrucosispora sp., Nocardiopsis sp., Actinophytocola sp., Dietzia sp., Gordonia sp., Micrococcus sp., Mycobacterium sp., Nocardia sp., Saccharopolyspora sp. And Rhodococcus sp. These rare actinomycetes can also be added to the list of genera isolated from this ecological niche, providing solid evidence that considerable diversity of actinomycetes are distributed within Kuantan mangrove forest. PKS-I and NRPS genes are usually related to the ability to produce secondary metabolites in actinomycetes. Interestingly, several of these rare actinomycetes showed the presence of both PKS-I and NRPS genes or either gene, and this exemplifies the potential of these rare actinomycetes may possess. Further studies conducted on these rare actinomycetes may reveal their true potentials that can be exploited for natural product discovery.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Properties of Thiosilvatins

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Michela Salvatore ◽  
Rosario Nicoletti ◽  
Marina DellaGreca ◽  
Anna Andolfi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Large Class ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Natural Product Discovery

The spread of studies on biodiversity in different environmental contexts is particularly fruitful for natural product discovery, with the finding of novel secondary metabolites and structural models, which are sometimes specific to certain organisms. Within the large class of the epipolythiodioxopiperazines, which are typical of fungi, thiosilvatins represent a homogeneous family that, so far, has been reported in low frequency in both marine and terrestrial contexts. However, recent observations indicate that these compounds have been possibly neglected in the metabolomic characterization of fungi, particularly from marine sources. Aspects concerning occurrence, bioactivities, structural, and biosynthetic properties of thiosilvatins are reviewed in this paper.

scholarly journals Marine Rare Actinomycetes: A Promising Source of Structurally Diverse and Unique Novel Natural Products

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramani ◽  
Sipkema
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
New Species ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
Rare Actinomycetes ◽  
Promising Source

Rare actinomycetes are prolific in the marine environment; however, knowledge about their diversity, distribution and biochemistry is limited. Marine rare actinomycetes represent a rather untapped source of chemically diverse secondary metabolites and novel bioactive compounds. In this review, we aim to summarize the present knowledge on the isolation, diversity, distribution and natural product discovery of marine rare actinomycetes reported from mid-2013 to 2017. A total of 97 new species, representing 9 novel genera and belonging to 27 families of marine rare actinomycetes have been reported, with the highest numbers of novel isolates from the families Pseudonocardiaceae, Demequinaceae, Micromonosporaceae and Nocardioidaceae. Additionally, this study reviewed 167 new bioactive compounds produced by 58 different rare actinomycete species representing 24 genera. Most of the compounds produced by the marine rare actinomycetes present antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, anticancer or antimalarial activities. The highest numbers of natural products were derived from the genera Nocardiopsis, Micromonospora, Salinispora and Pseudonocardia. Members of the genus Micromonospora were revealed to be the richest source of chemically diverse and unique bioactive natural products.

scholarly journals Biosynthetic Potential of Streptomyces Rationalizes Genome-Based Bioprospecting

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Balasubramanian Cibichakravarthy ◽  
Polapass Arul Jose
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Natural Product Discovery ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Microbial Natural Products

Streptomyces are the most prolific source of structurally diverse microbial natural products. Advancing genome-based analysis reveals the previously unseen potential of Streptomyces to produce numerous novel secondary metabolites, which allows us to take natural product discovery to the next phase. However, at present there is a huge disproportion between the rate of genome reports and discovery of new compounds. From this perspective of harnessing the enduring importance of Streptomyces, we discuss the recent genome-directed advancements inspired by hidden biosynthetic wealth that provide hope for future antibiotics.

Economic value analysis of mangrove forest ecosystems in Sorong, West Papua Province

2014 ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Roger R Tabalessy
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The People ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Mangrove Wood

Coastal areas can either meet the human needs or give great contribution to the development. However, rapid infrastrural development in Sorong, west Papua, has been followed by high demand for mangrove timber and caused mangrove forest degradation due to exploitation. This exploitation could also result from high economic value of the mangrove timber. This study was done to analyze the economic value of mangrove wood utilized by the people to support the development process in Sorong. This study used primary data obtained through interviews and the economic value calculation of mangrove forests. It found that Sorong had mangrove economic value of IDR 165,197,833, 491. Wilayah pesisir selain dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup manusia juga memberikan kontribusi yang besar bagi pembangunan. Cepatnya pembangunan infrastruktur di Kota Sorong diikuti pula dengan tingginya permintaan akan kayu mangrove dan menyebabkan terjadinya degradasi hutan mangrove akibat eksploitasi. Eksploitasi ini disebabkan juga akibat kayu mangrove memiliki nilai ekonomi. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai ekonomi kayu mangrove yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Kota Sorong dalam proses menunjang pembangunan. Penelitian ini menggunakkan data primer yang diperoleh melalui hasil wawancara dan perhitungan nilai ekonomi hutan mangrove. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai ekonomi ekosistem hutan mangrove yang berada di Kota Sorong adalah Rp165.197.833.491.

Antimicrobial properties of actively purified secondary metabolites isolated from different marine organisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilushi Indika Bamunu Arachchige ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Young-Mog Kim
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds

Background: The treatment of infection caused by pathogenic bacteria becomes one of the serious concerns globally. The failure in the treatment was found due to the exhibition of multiple resistance mechanisms against the antimicrobial agents. Emergence of resistant bacterial species has also been observed due to prolong treatment using conventional antibiotics. To combat these problems, several alternative strategies have been employed using biological and chemically synthesized compounds as antibacterial agents. Marine organisms considered as one of the potential sources for the isolation of bioactive compounds due to the easily available, cost-effective, and eco-friendly. Methods: The online search methodology was adapted for the collection of information related to the antimicrobial properties of marine-derived compounds. These compound has been isolated and purified by different purification techniques, and their structure also characterized. Furthermore, the antibacterial activities have been reported by using broth microdilution as well as disc diffusion assays. Results: The present review paper describes the antimicrobial effect of diverse secondary metabolites which are isolated and purified from the different marine organisms. The structural elucidation of each secondary metabolite has also been done in the present paper, which will help for the in silico designing of the novel and potent antimicrobial compounds. Conclusion: A thorough literature search has been made and summarizes the list of antimicrobial compounds that are isolated from both prokaryotic and eukaryotic marine organisms. The information obtained from the present paper will be helpful for the application of marine compounds as antimicrobial agents against different antibiotic-resistant human pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Chemical Elicitors Induce Rare Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Deep-Sea Bacteria under Laboratory Conditions

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Rafael de Felício ◽  
Patricia Ballone ◽  
Cristina Freitas Bazzano ◽  
Luiz F. G. Alves ◽  
Renata Sigrist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Bacterial Metabolites ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Deep Sea Bacteria

Bacterial genome sequencing has revealed a vast number of novel biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) with potential to produce bioactive natural products. However, the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites by bacteria is often silenced under laboratory conditions, limiting the controlled expression of natural products. Here we describe an integrated methodology for the construction and screening of an elicited and pre-fractionated library of marine bacteria. In this pilot study, chemical elicitors were evaluated to mimic the natural environment and to induce the expression of cryptic BGCs in deep-sea bacteria. By integrating high-resolution untargeted metabolomics with cheminformatics analyses, it was possible to visualize, mine, identify and map the chemical and biological space of the elicited bacterial metabolites. The results show that elicited bacterial metabolites correspond to ~45% of the compounds produced under laboratory conditions. In addition, the elicited chemical space is novel (~70% of the elicited compounds) or concentrated in the chemical space of drugs. Fractionation of the crude extracts further evidenced minor compounds (~90% of the collection) and the detection of biological activity. This pilot work pinpoints strategies for constructing and evaluating chemically diverse bacterial natural product libraries towards the identification of novel bacterial metabolites in natural product-based drug discovery pipelines.

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