scholarly journals PREPARATION OF NOVEL HYBRID (ALMOND SHELL AND PLEUROTUS SAJOR CAJU) BIOSORBENT FOR THE REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS (NICKEL AND LEAD) FROM WASTEWATER

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aneeza Abdul Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Almond Shell ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pleurotus Sajor Caju

Level of contaminants (Nickel and Lead) in aquatic ecosystems has increased due to discharge of industrial effluents in water. Hence, there is a need to remove heavy metals (Nickel and Lead) from the water. For removing heavy metals from water, hybrid biosorbent (Almond shell and Pleurotus sajor caju) was prepared. To prepare a novel hybrid biosorbent (Almond shell and Pleurotus sajor caju) for the removal of nickel and lead from waste water the study was conducted in the department of chemistry, university of agriculture Faisalabad. The biomass was collected from local market of Chiniot. Hybrid matrix (Almond shell and Pleurotus sajor caju) and heavy metals (Nickel and Lead) were prepared. Waste water was interacted with the developed hybrid metals (Nickel and Lead) and hybrid bio sorbent (almond shell and P.sajor caju).The maximum adsorption capacity q(mg/g) of nickel and lead obtained at l0mgL-l concentration is in the following order; hybrid biosorbent(87)>P.sajor caju(65)> almond shell(54) and hybrid biosorbent(85)>P.sajor caju(57)>almond shell(45). The maximum uptake for nickel obtained by almond shell, P.sajor caju, hybrid biosorbent (56%), (66%), (90%) for lead and (47%), (61%), (89%) for nickel. The adsorption of nickel and lead follows the 2nd order kinetic model. FTIR spectra show that there are various functional groups, active sites present in hybrid biosorbent (Almond shell and Pleurotus sajor caju). Maximum absorption of lead occurs at pH 5 and nickel at pH 3. The sorptions of heavy metals (Lead and Nickel) follow the pseudo 2nd order kinetic model. From the whole analysis it is concluded that Hybrid biosorbent calm of microbial and plant waste biomass was extremely functional in exclusion of lead and Nickel from wastewater.

scholarly journals Efficient Removal 17-Estradiol by Graphene-Like Magnetic Sawdust Biochar: Preparation Condition and Adsorption Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8377
Author(s):  
Yahui Zhou ◽  
Shaobo Liu ◽  
Yunguo Liu ◽  
Xiaofei Tan ◽  
Ni Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Micropore Filling ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo First Order

The occurrence of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in aquatic environments has caused extensive concern. Graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar was synthesized using potassium ferrate (K2FeO4) to make activated sawdust biochar and applied for the removal of 17-estradiol (E2). The characterization showed that the surface morphology of five graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochars prepared with different preparation conditions were quite different. The specific surface area and pore structure increased with the increment of K2FeO4 addition. The results have shown that graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar (1:1/900 °C) had the best removal on E2. The experimental results indicated that pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model could describe the adsorption process well, in which the equilibrium adsorption capacity (qe,1) of 1:1/900 °C were 59.18 mg·g−1 obtained from pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 1:1/900 °C were 133.45 mg·g−1 obtained from Langmuir model at 298K. At the same time, lower temperatures, the presence of humic acid (HA), and the presence of NaCl could be regulated to change the adsorption reaction in order to remove E2. Adsorption capacity was decreased with the increase of solution pH because pH value not only changed the surface charge of graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar, but also affected the E2 in the water. The possible adsorption mechanism for E2 adsorption on graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar was multifaceted, involving chemical adsorption and physical absorption, such as H-bonding, π-π interactions, micropore filling effects, and electrostatic interaction. To sum up, graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar was found to be a promising absorbent for E2 removal from water.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Reactive Blue 116 Dye and Reactive Yellow 81 Dye from Aqueous Solutions by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian De Benedetto ◽  
Anastasia Macario ◽  
Carlo Siciliano ◽  
Janos B. Nagy ◽  
Pierantonio De Luca
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The multi-walled carbon nanotubes obtained by catalytic chemical vapour deposition synthesis are used as a solid matrix for the adsorption of the Reactive Blue 116 dye and the Reactive Yellow 81 dye from aqueous solutions at different pH values. The batch tests carried out allowed us to investigate the different effects of pH (2, 4, 7, 9 and 12) and of the contact time (2.5 ÷ 240 min) used. The liquid phase was analysed using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry in order to characterise the adsorption kinetics, the transport mechanisms and the adsorption isotherms. The adsorption of the optimal dye was observed at pH 2 and 12. The pseudo-first order kinetic model provided the best approximation of experimental data compared to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The predominant transport mechanism investigated with the Weber and Morris method was molecular diffusion for both Reactive Yellow 81 and Reactive Blue 116, and the equilibrium data were better adapted to the Langmuir isothermal model. The maximum adsorption capacity for Reactive Yellow 81 and Reactive Blue 116 occurred with values of 33.859 mg g−1 and 32.968 mg g−1, respectively.

scholarly journals Preparation of new diatomite–chitosan composite materials and their adsorption properties and mechanism of Hg(II)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 170829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Fu ◽  
Xiaoxu Xu ◽  
Yue Huang ◽  
Jianshe Hu ◽  
Qifan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

A new composite absorbent with multifunctional and environmental-friendly structures was prepared using chitosan, diatomite and polyvinyl alcohol as the raw materials, and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. The structure and morphology of the composite absorbent, and its adsorption properties of Hg(II) in water were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) measurements and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra. The effect of the pH value and contact time on the removal rate and absorbance of Hg(II) was discussed. The adsorption kinetic model and static adsorption isotherm and regeneration of the obtained composite absorbent were investigated. The results indicated that the removal of Hg(II) on the composite absorbent followed a rapid adsorption for 50 min, and was close to the adsorption saturation after 1 h, which is in accord with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. When the pH value, contact time and the mass of the composite absorbent was 3, 1 h and 100 mg, respectively, the removal rate of Hg(II) on the composite absorbent reached 77%, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) reached 195.7 mg g −1 .

scholarly journals Enhanced Adsorption of Zn(II) onto Graphene Oxides Investigated Using Batch and Modeling Techniques

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Pan ◽  
Guangxue Wu ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Xinxin Lin ◽  
Xiaoming Huang
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Graphene Oxides ◽  
Surface Complexes ◽  
Inner Sphere ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized and employed as an adsorbent for Zn(II) removal from an aqueous solution. The adsorption isotherms showed that Zn(II) adsorption can be better described using the Freundlich model than the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity of Zn(II) on GO determined using the Langmuir model at pH 7.0 and 293 K was 208.33 mg/g. The calculation of thermodynamic parameters revealed that the process of Zn(II) adsorption on GO was chemisorptions, endothermic, and spontaneous. Kinetic studies indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed a better simulation of Zn(II) adsorption than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. On the basis of surface complexation modeling, the double layer model provided a satisfactory prediction of Zn(II) by inner-sphere surface complexes (for example, SOZn+ and SOZnOH species), indicating that the interaction mechanism between Zn(II) and GO was mainly inner-sphere complexation. In terms of reusability, GO could maintain 92.23% of its initial capability after six cycles. These findings indicated that GO was a promising candidate for the immobilization and preconcentration of Zn(II) from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Nano Zinc Oxide/Nanohydroxyapatite Composites Using Date Palm Pits Extract and Eggshells: Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Maha S. Elsayed ◽  
Inas A. Ahmed ◽  
Dina M. D. Bader ◽  
Asaad F. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Nano Zinc

In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and nanohydroxyapatite (NHAP) were prepared in the presence of date palm pits extract (DPPE) and eggshells, respectively. Another four nanocomposites were prepared from ZnO and NHAP in different ratios (ZP13, ZP14, ZP15, and ZP16). DPPE and all nanomaterials were characterized using GC-MS, zeta potentials, particle size distributions, XRD, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and pHPZC. The characterization techniques confirmed the good distribution of ZnO nanoparticles on the surface of NHAP in the prepared composites. Particles were found to be in the size range of 42.3–66.1 nm. The DPPE analysis confirmed the presence of various natural chemical compounds which act as capping agents for nanoparticles. All the prepared samples were applied in the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under different conditions. ZP14 exhibited the maximum adsorption capacity (596.1 mg/g) at pH 8, with 1.8 g/L as the adsorbent dosage, after 24 h of shaking time, and the static adsorption kinetic process followed a PSO kinetic model. The photocatalytic activity of ZP14 reached 91% after 100 min of illumination at a lower MB concentration (20 mg/L), at pH 8, using 1.5 g/L as the photocatalyst dosage, at 25 °C. The photocatalytic degradation of MB obeyed the Langmuir–Hinshelwood first-order kinetic model, and the photocatalyst reusability exhibited a slight loss in activity (~4%) after five cycles of application.

scholarly journals Investigation of Seeds and Peels of Citrullus colocynthis as Efficient Natural Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Dye

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Wafa Mohammed Alghamdi ◽  
Ines El Mannoubi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis ◽  
Natural Adsorbent ◽  
Spontaneous Process ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Mb Adsorption

Natural adsorbents as low-cost materials have been proved efficient for water remediation and have significant capacity for the removal of certain chemicals from wastewater. The present investigation aimed to use Citrullus colocynthis seeds (CCSs) and peels (CCPs) as an efficient natural adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) dye in an aqueous solution. The examined biosorbents were characterized using surface area analyzer (BET), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to optimize the main factors influencing the biosorption process. The equilibrium data for the adsorption of MB by CCSs were best described by the Langmuir isotherm followed by the Freundlich adsorption isotherms, while the equilibrium data for MB adsorption by CCPs were well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm followed by the Temkin isotherm. Under optimum conditions, the maximum biosorption capacity and removal efficiency were 18.832 mg g−1 and 98.00% for MB-CCSs and 4.480 mg g−1 and 91.43% for MB-CCPs. Kinetic studies revealed that MB adsorption onto CCSs obeys pseudo-first order kinetic model (K1 = 0.0274 min−1), while MB adsorption onto CCPs follows the pseudo-second order kinetic model (K2 = 0.0177 g mg−1 min−1). Thermodynamic studies revealed that the MB biosorption by CCSs was endothermic and a spontaneous process in nature associated with a rise in randomness, but the MB adsorption by CCPs was exothermic and a spontaneous process only at room temperature with a decline in disorder. Based on the obtained results, CCSs and CCPSs can be utilized as efficient, natural biosorbents, and CCSs is promising since it showed the highest removal percentage and adsorption capacity of MB dye.

scholarly journals Fabrication of the magnetic mesoporous silica Fe-MCM-41-A as efficient adsorbent: performance, kinetics and mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yige Guo ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Tianxue Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Neutral Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Mcm 41

AbstractAntibiotics are emerging pollutants and increasingly present in aquaculture and industrial wastewater. Due to their impact on the environment and health, their removal has recently become a significant concern. In this investigation, we synthesized nano zero-valent iron-loaded magnetic mesoporous silica (Fe-MCM-41-A) via precipitation and applied the adsorption of oxytetracycline (OTC) from an aqueous solution. The effects of competing ions such as Na+, Ca2+ and Cu2+ on the adsorption process under different pH conditions were studied in depth to providing a theoretical basis for the application of nanomaterials. The characterization of the obtained material through transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that the adsorbent possesses hexagonal channels, which facilitate mass transfer during adsorption. The loaded zero-valent iron made the magnetic, and was thus separated under an applied magnetic field. The adsorption of OTC onto Fe-MCM-41-A is rapid and obeys the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of OTC is 625.90 mg g−1. The reaction between OTC and Fe-MCM-41-A was inner complexation and was less affected by the Na+. The effect of Ca2+ on the adsorption was small under acidic and neutral conditions. However, the promotion effect of Ca2+ increased by the increase of pH. Cu2+ decreased the removal efficiencies continuously and the inhibitory effects decrease varied with the increase of pH. We propose that surface complexing, ion-exchange, cationic π-bonding, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobicity are responsible for the adsorption of OTC onto Fe-MCM-41-A.

scholarly journals Sawdust for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Water: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4318
Author(s):  
Elie Meez ◽  
Abbas Rahdar ◽  
George Z. Kyzas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
And Control ◽  
Environmental Agencies

The threat of the accumulation of heavy metals in wastewater is increasing, due to their abilities to inflict damage to human health, especially in the past decade. The world’s environmental agencies are trying to issue several regulations that allow the management and control of random disposals of heavy metals. Scientific studies have heavily focused on finding suitable materials and techniques for the purification of wastewaters, but most solutions have been rejected due to cost-related issues. Several potential materials for this objective have been found and have been compared to determine the most suitable material for the purification process. Sawdust, among all the materials investigated, shows high potential and very promising results. Sawdust has been shown to have a good structure suitable for water purification processes. Parameters affecting the adsorption mechanism of heavy metals into sawdust have been studied and it has been shown that pH, contact time and several other parameters could play a major role in improving the adsorption process. The adsorption was found to follow the Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm and a pseudo second-order kinetic model, meaning that the type of adsorption was a chemisorption. Sawdust has major advantages to be considered and is one of the most promising materials to solve the wastewater problem.

scholarly journals Insights into Starch Coated Nanozero Valent Iron-Graphene Composite for Cr(VI) Removal from Aqueous Medium

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanna Kumarathilaka ◽  
Vimukthi Jayaweera ◽  
Hasintha Wijesekara ◽  
I. R. M. Kottegoda ◽  
S. R. D. Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Inert Material ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Graphene Composite ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
First Time

Embedding nanoparticles into an inert material like graphene is a viable option since hybrid materials are more capable than those based on pure nanoparticulates for the removal of toxic pollutants. This study reports for the first time on Cr(VI) removal capacity of novel starch stabilized nanozero valent iron-graphene composite (NZVI-Gn) under different pHs, contact time, and initial concentrations. Starch coated NZVI-Gn composite was developed through borohydrate reduction method. The structure and surface of the composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and point of zero charge (pHpzc). The surface area and pHpzc of NZVI-Gn composite were reported as 525 m2 g−1 and 8.5, respectively. Highest Cr(VI) removal was achieved at pH 3, whereas 67.3% was removed within first few minutes and reached its equilibrium within 20 min obeying pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting chemisorption as the rate limiting process. The partitioning of Cr(VI) at equilibrium is perfectly matched with Langmuir isotherm and maximum adsorption capacity of the NZVI-Gn composite is 143.28 mg g−1. Overall, these findings indicated that NZVI-Gn composite could be utilized as an efficient and magnetically separable adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI).

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