Antioxidant Activity Analysis and Standardization of Parkia speciosa (Petai) Pods Ethanol Extract

Parkia speciosa (petai) pods are rarely used and considered as waste despite their phenolic and flavonoid content. Phenolic and flavonoid content in plants are known to exhibit antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are known to potentially act agains radical and mediate the damage by structural stabilization. This research was conducted to analyze the antioxidant potential of petai pods using DPPH method. Analysis showed the IC50 of petai pods ethanolic extract was 75.72 ppm, which indicate strong acting antioxidant. Standardization of extracts were determined to manage the quality of extract, including the analysis of density, water content, ash values, and quantification of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Research outcome indicate the extract retain its quality during storage and use which confrmed to standardization requirements of water content and ash values. Total phenolics and flavonoid obtained were 272.45 mg/gGAE and 243.2029 mg/gQE respectively. Based from this research, petai pods ethanolic extract present strong antioxidant activity which was contributed by high existing content of flavonoid and phenolic compounds.

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NEW FLAVONOIDS FROM THE AERIAL PARTS OF POLYGONUM EQUISETIFORME SM (POLYGONACEAE)

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i2.15593 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 166 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sayed A. El-toumy ◽

Joslin Y. Salib ◽

Nabila H. Shafik ◽

Asmaa S. Abd Elkarim ◽

Gihan A. Mick

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: The current study was to deal the isolation and identification of secondary metabolites from Polygonum equisetiforme and evaluation of antioxidant activity of its extract.Methods: The methanol-water extract (7:3) of the air-dried aerial parts of Polygonum equisetiforme was fractionated and separated to obtain the isolated compounds by different chromatographic techniques. Structures of these compounds were elucidated by UV and 1D⁄2D H⁄ C NMR spectroscopy and compared with the literature data. The crude extract was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using the 2,2 diphenyl dipicryl hydrazine (DPPH) method.Results: Ten secondary metabolites were isolated from Polygonum equisetiforme in this study. Of which three new flavonoids named as 3,5,7,2’,5’ pentahydroxyflavone 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3,5,7,2’,5’ pentahydroxyflavone 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside 8 C-sulphated (2) and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucucorinde 6''-methyl ester 8-sulphated (3) as well as quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucucorinde methyl ester (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), quercetin(7), myricetin (8), P-methoxy gallic acid methyl ester (9) and gallic acid (10). The antioxidant potential of P. equisetiforme extract was evaluated by investigating it's total phenolic and flavonoid content and DPPH radical scavenging activity whereby the extract showed significant antioxidant activity (IC50 = 37.45 μg/ml). The total phenolic and flavonoid content was found to be 130.79±5.502 and 45.8±1.63 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: Polygonum equisetiforme is a promising medicinal plant, and our study tends to support the therapeutic value of this plant as an antioxidant drug.

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Comparative study of the antioxidant properties of silymarin and milk thistle extracts

Trakia Journal of Sciences ◽

10.15547/tjs.2021.01.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

V. Ivanov ◽

M. Pavlova

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Water Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Milk Thistle ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Silybum Marianum ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Purpose: Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) has been used for centuries as a natural remedy for liver and gall bladder / biliary tract diseases. Silymarin is the purified and standardized extract from milk thistle seeds. The purpose of the present study is to present a comparative analysis of the total phenolic substances content and the antioxidant effect of silymarin and three different types of Silybum marianum extracts (i.e. ethanol extract, water extract and lyophilized extract). Methods: Total phenolic and flavonoid content of extracts was analysed and the antioxidant activity was assessed by determining their free radical scavenging ability by DPPH method. Results: Total phenolic content is the highest in silymarin– 134.12±3.22 mg GAE/g, followed by lyophilized water extract – 51.74±2.10 mg GAE/g. Silymarin has also been found to have the highest antioxidant activity among all extract samples (338.03 VCEAC µmol /g), followed by S.marianum lyophilised extract (123.05 VCEAC µmol/g). Conclusions: A strong correlation between total phenolic and flavonoid content in the extracts and their antioxidant activity has been found.

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Determination of phenolic contents and antioxidant activity test of ethanol extract of Sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) leaves using the DPPH method

Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia ◽

10.24114/jpkim.v13i2.26984 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 137-142

Author(s):

Kasta Gurning ◽

◽

Sifikal Lumbangaol ◽

Risanti F. R. Situmorang ◽

Saronom Silaban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Betel Leaf ◽

Dpph Method

The research objectives were to identify the secondary metabolite components, total phenolic content and determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.). The extraction process was carried out by materation using ethanol as a solvent. Determination of total phenolic content was carried out colorimetrically with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent measured at a maximum wavelength of 765 nm. Determination of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method measured by spectrophotometry at a maximum wavelength of 517 nm. The results of phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract of red betel leaf contain secondary metabolites, including flavonoid, phenolic, tannin, alkaloids, steroids, and triterpenoids. The total phenolic content of the red betel leaf ethanol extract was 0.949±0.003 mg GAE/g d.w. and has antioxidant activity (IC50) 84,656 including strong category as an antioxidant. Keywords: Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav., Antioxidant, Ethanol extract, Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH

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Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of several indigenous species of ferns in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d200238 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 576-580

Author(s):

HENNY NURHASNAWATI ◽

REKSI SUNDU ◽

SAPRI SAPRI ◽

RISA SUPRININGRUM ◽

HARLINDA KUSPRADINI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

East Kalimantan ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Abstract. Nurhasnawati H, Sundu R, Sapri, Supriningrum R, Kuspradini H, Arung ET. 2019. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of several indigenous species of ferns in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 576-580. This study aimed to determine the total phenolic and flavonoids content and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of several indigenous species of ferns in East Kalimantan. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteau method and flavonoid content was measured by colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The result of photochemical screening indicated that the leaves of Plagiogyria pycnophylla, Plagiogyria glauca, and Stenochlaena palustris contained alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and steroid while Acrostichum aureum contained flavonoid, tannin, saponin and steroid. The result showed extract Acrostichum aureum had the highest total phenolic content (366.4573 ± 2.2117 mg GAE.g-1), flavonoid content (228.6087 ± 2.2548 mg QE.g-1), and very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value 29.5303 ppm. There is positive correlation between total phenolic content, flavonoid with antioxidant activity.

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Physical Characteristics, Total Phenolic, and Flavonoid Content of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Leaves Extract

Acta Chimica Asiana ◽

10.29303/aca.v4i2.66 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 114-119

Author(s):

I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra ◽

I Gusti Ayu Wita Kusumawati ◽

Ni Luh Utari Sumadewi

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ash Content ◽

Total Flavonoid ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Coccinia Grandis ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt is an herbal plant that has been widely used for the treatment of various types of diseases. The phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts largely determine their pharmacological activity. The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the ethanol extract of C. grandis leaves. Leaf samples in this study were obtained in the area of â€‹â€‹Dalung, North Kuta, Badung, Bali. The powdered C. grandis leaf was extracted by maceration method using 70% ethanol followed by evaporation using an oven at 45oC to obtain a thick extract. The non-specific parameters of the extract were then determined, such as moisture content, ash content, and acid insoluble ash. Total phenolic content was determined using the follin-ciocalteu method and total flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum chloride method. Based on the research results, the yield of C. grandis leaf extract was 19.36%. C. grandis leaf extract has a description of a thick and sticky extract, blackish brown color, distinctive aroma, and a bitter sour taste. The water content of the ethanolic extract of C. grandis leaves was 9.93Â±0.03% (g/g). The total ash value of the simplicia and ethanolic extract of C. grandis leaves were 20.76Â±0.15% (g/g) and 27.38Â±0.19% (g/g), respectively. The acid insoluble ash content of the extract was 4.05Â±0.30% (g/g). The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the extract were 111.92Â±0.49 Âµg GAE/mg dry extract and 73.60Â±3.53 Âµg QE/mg dry extract, respectively.

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Comparative Antioxidant Potential of Bark and Leaves of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb) Wight & Arn from Himachal Pradesh

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research ◽

10.24896/eijppr.2016615 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Vikas Kumar ◽

Kamal Dev ◽

Anuradha Sourirajan ◽

Prem Kumar Khosla

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Terminalia Arjuna ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

The present study aimed to compare antioxidant activities, total phenolic and flavonoid content present in leaves and bark of Terminalia arjuna and check whether there is any correlation between phenolic content and flavonoid content with antioxidant activities or not. Phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of leaves and bark revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, glycosides, saponin, phytosterols and phytosteroids. Total phenolic content was found to be higher in bark (272.71±3.18 mg/g gallic acid equivalents) as compared to that of leaves (95±3.11 mg/g gallic acid equivalents). Similarly, flavonoid content of ethanolic extract of bark was found to be higher (203.95±5.13 mg/g rutin equivalents) than that of leaves (87.625±4.28 mg/g rutin equivalents). DPPH activity of ethanolic extract of bark (IC50-17.41 µg/ml) was more than that of leaves (IC50-20.22µg/ml). FRAP activity of bark (IC50- 4.781 µM Fe (II) equivalents) is more than that of leaves (IC50-7.572 µM Fe (II) equivalents). Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity of bark (IC50-12.87 µg/ml) was higher than that of leaves (IC50-13.91 µg/ml).The present study clearly showed that there is a correlation between total phenolics, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of leaves and bark of T. arjuna. The phenolic compounds and flavonoids could be major contributor to antioxidant activity of T. arjuna. Keywords: Terminalia arjuna, DPPH, FRAP, NO, IC50, Antioxidants

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Studies on Polyphenol Content, Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Graviola Tea pulp (Annona muricata L.) from Tien Giang Province, Vietnam

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2020.22468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. 3075-3078

Author(s):

Tran Thi Yen Nhi ◽

Vo Tan Thanh ◽

Nguyen Phu Thuong Nhan ◽

Nguyen Ngoc Quy ◽

Nguyen Thi Mong Tho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Sensory Evaluation ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

New Product ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Colour Space ◽

Polyphenol Content ◽

Total Polyphenol ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Tea is the most commonly consumed beverage worldwide due to promote health and prevention of some human diseases. Soursop tea pulp is one of a new product focused on the values of total ascorbic acid (TAA), total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). A study using DPPH and ABTS method to detect the maximum of active ingredients in tea simultaneously. Different pulp tea samples with varying dates of production checked for TAA, TPC, TFC, antioxidation and sensory evaluation. There is a difference in TAA between sample (1) and (4), achieved 7.43 ± 0.04 mg/g DM and 12.21 ± 0.04 mg/g DM, respectively. TFC content ranged between 0.13 and 0.18. The phenolics group in tea is high and there are differences between the 3 recent production samples with (1): 3.81 mg QC/g DM fluctuation. In sample 1, the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Soursop was correlated with total phenolic and flavonoid content with values IC50 of 0.26 mgAA/g DM, 2.61 mgAA/g DM for DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity, respectively. Moreover, the Lab* colour space of the soursop tea is measured in the dark area, the L* difference achieved at 30.82 ± 1.24 (2) lowest and the highest 37.42 ± 4.77 (1). Consumer sensory evaluation is performed with results based on a 5-point scale describing: flavour, aroma, colour and favourite.

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Phenolic Combination and Comparison of Antioxidant Activity in Three Different Alcoholic Extracts of Dracocephalum moldavica L.

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v5i3.199-206.812 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 199 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Behnaz Aslanipour ◽

Reza Heidari ◽

Neda Farnad

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Reducing Ability ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Dracocephalum moldavica L. has been used as both treatment of coronary heart disorders and food supplements. In the present study, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content in methanol, ethanol and methanol/ethanol extracts of leaf was studied in Iranian Moldavian balm for the first time. Antioxidant activity of the studied plant was also measured. The methanol extract had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content, anthocyanin, DPPH and H2O2 radical scavenging activity. The ethanol extract showed the least amount of all. The methanol/ethanol extract showed the highest amount in two oxides including nitric and superoxide radical scavenging activities; it also showed the highest Ferric Reducing Ability Power. The obtained chromatograms of the plant using High Performance Liquid Chromatography showed that the highest and the lowest found phenolic compounds were caffeic acid and vanilic acid, respectively. The results show that this plant is a suitable natural antioxidant to reduce the oxidative stress in human being.

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Antioxidant Activity of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus l.) Ethanolic Extract with DPPH Method and Determination of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Levels

Journal of Nutraceuticals and Herbal Medicine ◽

10.23917/jnhm.v4i1.15642 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 31-42

Author(s):

Salwa Salwa

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Helianthus Annuus L ◽

A Value ◽

Dpph Method

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is believed to have antioxidant properties. Currently, there are many studies examining compounds that have benefits as antioxidants and are safe for health. However, the sunflower only examined the antioxidants in sunflower seeds. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of flowers, bark, and leaves of sunflowers. The antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method showed the highest antioxidant activity was found in the leaf extract (Helianthus annuus L.) with an IC50 value of 48.841 ppm. The highest phenolic content was found in leaf samples with a value of 35.149 mg gallic acid equivalent/gram extract and the highest determination of flavonoid levels was found in leaf samples with a value of 10.917 mg quercetin equivalent/gram extract.

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Aktivitas Antioksidan Dari Ekstrak Etanol Herba Poguntano (Picria Fel-Terrae Lour.) Secara In Vitro

Talenta Conference Series Tropical Medicine (TM) ◽

10.32734/tm.v1i1.77 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 218-223

Author(s):

Nevi Hayati Utami ◽

Suryadi Achamad ◽

Panal Sitorus

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Flavonoid Content ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Latar Belakang: Antioksidan adalah senyawa yang mampu menangkal atau meredam efek negatif oksidan dalam tubuh, bekerja dengan cara mendonorkan satu elektronnya kepada senyawa yang bersifat oksidan sehingga aktivitas senyawa oksidan tersebut dapat dihambat. Herba poguntano (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) digunakan sebagai obat antidiabetes dan telah dilaporkan mengandung senyawa kimia yang terdiri dari alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, dan polifenol yang merupakan metabolit sekunder yang bersifat antioksidan. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan serta mengetahui kandungan fenolat dan flavonoid total dari ekstrak etanol herba poguntano. Metode Penelitian: Ekstrak diperoleh secara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%, lalu dipekatkan dengan alat rotary evaporator hingga didapatkan ekstrak kental. Ekstrak diuji dengan metode pemerangkapan radikal bebas DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) serta mengukur kandungan fenolat total dan flavonoid total dengan mengukur absorbansi menggunakan spektrofotometri uv-vis yang diinkubasi berturut-turut selama 60, 90 dan 40 menit pada panjang gelombang 516, 775 dan 432 nm. Hasil: Hasil pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode pemerangkapan radikal bebas DPPH dari ekstrak etanol herba poguntano menunjukkan kekuatan antioksidan dalam kategori sangan kuat dengan nilai IC50 21.79 ppm dan kuersetin menunjukkan kekuatan antioksidan dalam kategori sangat kuat dengan nilai IC50 4.9 ppm. Hasil pengukuran kandungan fenolat total dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteau menunjukkan angka 66.29 mg GAE/g ekstrak serta hasil pengukuran kandungan flavonoid total menunjukkan angka 19.26 mg QE/g ekstrak. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol herba poguntano mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan dengan kategori sangat kuat serta memiliki kandungan fenolat total yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan kandungan flavonoid total. Background: Antioxidants are compounds capable of counteracting or reducing the negative effects of oxidants in the body. Antioxidants work by donating an electron to an oxidant compound so that the activity of the oxidant compound can be inhibited. Poguntano (Picriafel-terrae Lour) is used as an antidiabetic drug and has been reported to contain chemical compounds, , as secondary metabolites that have antioxidant properties. Objective: This study aimed to determine antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of poguntano. Research Method: . The dried materials were macerated using 96% ethanol and then it was concentrated using rotary evaporator to obtain crude extract. The extract was tested by DPPH free radical scavenging method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and the total phenolic and flavonoid content was determinedby measuring absorbance using uv-vis spectrophotometry which was incubated successively for 60, 90 and 40 minutes at wavelength 516, 775 and 432 nm. Results: The evaluationof antioxidant activity using DPPH free radical scavenging method ofethanol extract of poguntano showed the antioxidant activitywas in very strong category with IC50 value of 21.79 ppm and quercetin showed the antioxidant activitywas in very strong category with IC50 value of 4.9 ppm. The result of the measurement of total phenolic content by the Folin-Ciocalteu method was66.29 mg GAE/g extract and the result of measurements of total flavonoid content was19.26 mg QE/g extract. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of poguntanohas antioxidant activity in a very strong category and it has higher total phenolic content compared with total flavonoid content.

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