scholarly journals Analysis of lethal cases of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus according to the data of pathology department of Kharkiv Regional Clinical Hospital for the first half of 2021

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
G.O. Sakal ◽  
I.V. Borzenkova ◽  
P.V. Tkachenko ◽  
N.D. Kolesnikova ◽  
N.V. Nikandrova
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Pulmonary Insufficiency ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Pathology Department ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Background. Given the great medical, social and economic significance of clinical research, pathogenesis and epidemiology of coronavirus infection, it is important to study the epidemiological and pathomorphological features of this infection in Ukraine, especially in fatal cases of this disease. Objective: to analyze the lethal cases of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 in comparison with lethal cases of pneumonia of other etiologies according to the pathology department of Kharkiv Regional Clinical Hospital for the first half of 2021. Methods. The material of this study was the observation of an autopsy from the archival material the pathology department of Kharkiv Regional Clinical Hospital. The study of autopsy protocols took into account the seasonality of the disease, sex and age of the deceased, the number of bed-days, data of clinical diagnosis and coincidences of pathological diagnosis, as well as the ICD code. 256 protocols of pathological examinations for the first half of 2021 were studied. Results. Of the 256 deaths from pneumonia of various etiologies, 201 (78.52%) were caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The highest number of deaths from pneumonia was registered in March, April and May 2021. The number of deaths of patients aged 18-44 years was 4.3% of the total, 45-59 years – 13.28%, 60-74 years – 47.27%, 75-90 years – 35.16%. The study sample among patients died of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 was dominated by women (57.42%, 147 cases), the number of men was 42.58% (109 cases). The direct causes of death were pulmonary-heart failure, multiple organ failure, acute pulmonary insufficiency, chronic pulmonary insufficiency, and pulmonary embolism. Conclusion. The obtained data can be useful for the analysis of regional features of epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease in eastern Ukraine.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Hemostatic Disorders in COVID-19 Patients

Acta Naturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Airat F. Khalirakhmanov ◽  
Kamilla F. Idrisova ◽  
Raushaniya F. Gajfullina ◽  
Sergey V. Zinchenko ◽  
Rustem I. Litvinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Pulmonary Insufficiency ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Organ Failures ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders

The novel coronavirus infection named COVID-19 was first detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and it has been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in scores of countries. At the time this article was being written, the number of infected and deceased patients continued to grow worldwide. Most patients with severe forms of the disease suffer from pneumonia and pulmonary insufficiency; in many cases, the disease is generalized and causes multiple organ failures and a dysfunction of physiological systems. One of the most serious and prognostically ominous complications from COVID-19 is coagulopathy, in particular, decompensated hypercoagulability with the risk of developing disseminated intravascular coagulation. In most cases, local and diffuse macro- and microthromboses are present, a condition which causes multiple-organ failure and thromboembolic complications. The causes and pathogenic mechanisms of coagulopathy in COVID-19 remain largely unclear, but they are associated with systemic inflammation, including the so-called cytokine storm. Despite the relatively short period of the ongoing pandemic, laboratory signs of serious hemostatic disorders have been identified and measures for specific prevention and correction of thrombosis have been developed. This review discusses the causes of COVID-19 coagulopathies and the associated complications, as well as possible approaches to their early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.

scholarly journals Change of Intestinal Microbiome in Patients with Coronavirus Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
M. M. Mishina ◽  
◽  
O. V. Kotsar ◽  
Pochernina M. H. ◽  
O. V. Kochnieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The purpose of the study was to analyze modern literature on the problems of dysbiosis in patients with COVID-19, to study the main mechanisms of systemic interaction between the intestine and lungs, as well as changes in the microbiota that occur under the influence of coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. A comprehensive selection of research methods was used for the work: systematization of the material, the method of generalization, methods of analysis and synthesis. Scientific works in the field of microbiology, epidemiology and infectious diseases were studied. Literature data for the last 2 years (2019-2021) were considered. The results of bacteriological studies from patients with COVID infection were described. The data obtained were processed using information-analytical and statistical-analytical methods. Results and discussion. As a result of this work, a complex of connections between intestine and lungs, which is called the "intestinal-lung axis", was considered. It is known that the interaction between these two biotopes occurs with the participation of microflora and its metabolites. Dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is accompanied by bacterial translocation. Bacteria from the intestinal lumen enter the liver through the portal vein system. The lymphatic pathway of bacterial translocation from the intestine to the lungs is also possible, which causes multiple organ failure syndrome in coronavirus infection. The COVID-19 virus is able to reduce the number of ACE2 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, which leads to an imbalance in the intestines. At the same time, the infection process in the lungs promotes the growth of bacteria of the Enterobacteriacae family in the intestine, which also leads to dysbiotic disorders. The use of probiotics is an effective tool in the complex treatment of this infection, which facilitates the general condition of patients. In the course of treatment, it is important not only to eliminate the virus from the body, but also to restore normal intestinal microbiota after an infection. Conclusion. Thus, the use of probiotic drugs for the treatment of patients with coronavirus infection can significantly reduce the risk of developing dysbiosis and improve the condition of patients. A perspective direction is the development of new treatment regimens for dysbiotic conditions using probiotics, eubiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics to prevent the development of severe complications in COVID infection

Risk factors and features of stroke among young persons in urban and rural areas of the Tambov Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Ekaterina B. Zvonareva ◽  
Lubov I. Grigorova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Concomitant Factors ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors

Since 2011 according to the national project “Health” the Regional Vascular Center has been operating on the basis of the Tambov Regional Clinical Hospital. This is a ward for patients with acute cerebral circulation disorder. Since 2017 there has been an increase in patients due to an increase in the number of attached population to Tambov Regional Clinical Hospital and, accordingly, unfortunately, the mortality rate from acute cerebral circulation disorder has been increasing. Between 2016 and 2020, a study was conducted based on the follow-up of young patients with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. In the study we emphasized the research of regional features of the structure, causes, and risk factors of stroke in persons in the city of Tambov and the districts of the Tambov Region. We verified pathogenetic subtypes of stroke among young patients. We identified and considered main and concomitant factors determining stroke outcome, degree of neurological deficiency, and disabled patients. We identified the leading causes of stroke in persons, the main of which were: arterial hypertension, cardiac pathology, atherosclerosis.

Visualizing techniques for new coronavirus infection: focus on computed tomography. Experience of the City Clinical Hospital No. 15 named after O.M. Filatov

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
D.A. Doroshenko ◽  
Yu.I. Rumyantsev ◽  
S.K. Volkov ◽  
B.V. Silaev ◽  
O.A. Shapsigova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Infection Focus ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The City

Retrospective, Analytical Study of Field First Aid following the Wenchuan Earthquake in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Haojun ◽  
Song Jianqi ◽  
Hou Shike
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Medical Resources ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Emergency Medical

AbstractField first-aid data from the Wenchuan Earthquake in China was analyzed retrospectively in order to probe into ways to develop field first-aid operations and provide a reference for future emergency rescue. Related documents about the Wenchuan Earthquake were collected and reviewed. The state of injury and leading causes of death during the disaster were identified. The presnece of emergency medical resources on-site after the earthquake was relatively insufficient. Deaths mainly were due to cardiopulmonary arrest, severe craniocerebral injury, incurable hemorrhagic shock, and crush syndrome that caused multiple organ system dysfunction syndrome. Only by strengthening the on-site emergency medical resources, speeding-up triage, and equipping responders with professional, portable medical equipment, can field first-aid operations be delivered more efficiently.

scholarly journals THE EXPERIENCE OF THE AMBULANCE SERVICE IN A PANDEMIC FROM MARCH TO DECEMBER2020 IN KRASNODAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
S. N. Alekseenko ◽  
A. S. Bagdasaryan ◽  
A. A. Sirunyants ◽  
D. V. Pukhnyak ◽  
Z. A. Kamalyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Ambulance Service ◽  
Automated System ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Medical Care ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Quality Medical Care ◽  
Observation Period

The pandemic of a new coronavirus infection caused the need to reorganize the work of emergency medical services (EMS) due to the high contagiousness and mortality, multiple organ lesions, difficulties in diagnosis and the lack of protocols for providing medical care to patients at the prehospital stage.The purpose and objectives of the study is to assess the activities of the ambulance service in the context of a new coronavirus infection in Krasnodar.Materials and methods: data of the information base of the integrated automated system for managing the activities of the ambulance station SBIHC KEH of the Ministry of Health Care of the Krasnodar Region in Krasnodar.Results. А differentiated approach and algorithm was developed for assessing the severity of the condition in patients with COVID-infection and ARVI, their routing and organization of treatment in Krasnodar.Conclusion: an assessment of the work of the ambulance service in combination with the measures taken during the observation period will ultimately allow organizing high-quality medical care to the population. 

scholarly journals Understanding the ”Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation Gap" in Veno-Arterial Configuration for Adult Patients: Timing and Causes of Death. Defining the Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Gap

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged Makhoul ◽  
Samuel Heuts ◽  
Abdulrahman Mansouri ◽  
Fabio Silvio Taccone ◽  
Amir Obeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background Timing and causes of hospital mortality in adult patients undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) have been poorly described. Aim of the current review was to investigate the timing and causes of death of adult patients treated with V-A ECMO, and subsequently define the “V-A ECMO gap”, which represents the patients who are successfully weaned of ECMO but eventually die during hospital stay.Methods A systematic search was performed using electronic MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through PubMed. Studies reporting on adult V-A ECMO patients from January 1993 to October 2018 were screened. Timing, rates and causes of in-hospital mortality were analyzed.Results Sixty studies with 9,181 patients were included in this systematic review. Overall mortality was 37.6% during V-A ECMO support (reported by 60 studies) and 28.9% (57 studies) after weaning. Finally, 32.6% were discharged from hospital (60 studies). Most common causes of death on ECMO were multiple organ failure (MOF, 49.8%), followed by cardiac failure (20.6%) and neurological causes (15.7%). Most common causes of death after weaning were MOF (55.3%), followed by neurological complications (12.6%), persistent heart failure (10.7%) and pulmonary infections (6.8%).Conclusions More than one-third of adult V-A ECMO patients die during ECMO therapy. Additionally, almost one half of successfully weaned patients still decease during hospital stay, defining the “V-A ECMO gap”. Underreporting and lack of uniformity in reporting of important parameters remains problematic in ECMO research. Future studies should uniformly define timing and causes of death in V-A ECMO patients to better understand the effectiveness and complications of this therapy. Systematic review registration PROSPERO 2019 number CRD42019130815

scholarly journals ETIOPATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF LIVER INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
V.I. Petrov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Ponomareva ◽  
I.V. Ivakhnenko ◽  
O.V. Razvalyaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Infection caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 initially associated with respiratory damage and the development of respiratory symptoms. However, it was subsequently shown that COVID-19 can be considered as a systemic inflammatory process with multiple organ damage. One of the most frequent extra pulmonary manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection is liver damage. Several factors of influence on the liver in COVID-19 are currently being considered: viral immunological damage, hypoxia, systemic inflammatory process, drug toxicity and progression of existing liver diseases. This review is devoted to the analysis of available data on the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of liver damage in a new coronavirus infection.

Some features of the epidemic spread of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the Rostov Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
E. V. Kovalev ◽  
S. S. Slis ◽  
E. G. Yanovich ◽  
N. L. Pichurina ◽  
S. V. Volovikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Intensification ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Very High ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Purpose: to analyze the epidemiological situation for a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), to identify some regional features of the Rostov region that contribute to spread of infection.Materials and methods: when assessing the epidemiological situation for a new coronavirus infection in the Rostov region, we used information provided by the Department of the Federal service for supervision of consumer protection and human welfare in the Rostov region. Processing of statistical data was performed by means of generally accepted method.Results: the spreading of a new coronavirus infection in the Rostov region is uneven in nature. When differentiating the territories of the region we identified groups of municipalities with a very high, medium and low number of patients. The administrative territories division of the Rostov region into the “Rostov urban agglomeration” and cluster of municipalities in which pronounced factors and conditions determining the “pendulum” migration of the population are absent, allow analyzing the specific features of the region and identification of territory with the highest risk of epidemic process intensification of a new coronavirus infection.Conclusions: the carried out differentiation of municipalities made it possible to identify and analyze some territorial features of the Rostov region, contributing to the spread of a new coronavirus infection. The obtained results could be used for development of measures aimed at reducing intensification of the epidemic process COVID-19 in condition infection. 

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