Evolution of the Concept of «Individual Success»

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (37) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Sergey Podmasin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Success

Women's Activism, Feminism, and Social Justice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. McLaren
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Cultural Imperialism ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
Women's Activism ◽  
Political Responsibility ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Relational Framework ◽  
Individual Success

Informed by practices of women’s activism in India, this book proposes a feminist social justice framework to address the wide range of issues women face globally, including economic exploitation; sexist oppression; racial, ethnic, and caste oppression; and cultural imperialism. The feminist social justice framework provides an alternative to mainstream philosophical frameworks that analyze and promote gender justice globally: universal human rights, economic projects such as microfinance, and cosmopolitanism. These frameworks share a commitment to individualism and abstract universalism that underlie certain liberal and neoliberal approaches to justice. Arguing that these frameworks emphasize individualism over interdependence, similarity over diversity, and individual success over collective capacity, McLaren draws on the work of Rabindranath Tagore to develop the concept of relational cosmopolitanism. Relational cosmopolitanism prioritizes our connections, while acknowledging power differences. Extending Iris Young’s theory of political responsibility, McLaren shows how Fair Trade connects to the economic solidarity movement. The Self-Employed Women’s Association and MarketPlace India empower women through access to livelihoods as well as fostering leadership capabilities that allow them to challenge structural injustice through political and social activism. Their struggles to resist economic exploitation and gender oppression through collective action show the importance of challenging individualist approaches to achieving gender justice. The book concludes with a call for a shift in our thinking and practice toward reimagining the possibilities for justice from a relational framework, from independence to interdependence, from identity to intersectionality, and from interest to sociopolitical imagination.

American Dream and Public Schools

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Hochschild ◽  
Nathan Scovronick
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Ability Grouping ◽  
American Dream ◽  
School Funding ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Ideology ◽  
Individual Success ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Apparent Conflict

Why is education policy so contentious? Do conflicts over specific issues in schooling have anything in common? Are there general principles that can help us resolve these disputes? In this book the authors find the source of many debates over schooling in the multiple goals and internal contradictions of the national ideology we call the American dream. They also propose a framework for helping Americans get past acrimonious debates in order to help all children learn. The American Dream and the Public Schools examines issues that have excited and divided Americans for years, including desegregation, school funding, testing, vouchers, bilingual education, multicultural education, and ability grouping. These seem to be separate problems, but much of the contention over them comes down to the same thing--an apparent conflict, rooted in the American dream, between policies designed to promote each student's ability to pursue success and those designed to insure the good of all students or the nation as a whole. The authors show how policies to promote individual success too often benefit only those already privileged by race or class, and too often conflict, unnecessarily, with policies that are intended to benefit everyone. The book also examines issues such as creationism and Afrocentrism, where the disputes lie between those who attack the validity of the American dream and those who believe that such a challenge has no place in the public schools. At the end of the book, the authors examine the impact of our nation's rapid racial and ethnic transformation on the pursuit of all of these goals, and they propose ways to make public education work better to help all children succeed and become the citizens we need.

The Breeding System of the Three-Spined Stickleback, Gasterosteus Aculeatus (Forma Leiura) With Reference To Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Nesting Activity

Behaviour ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 126 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sechi Mori
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
Lifetime Reproductive Success ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Nest Distribution ◽  
Nest Sites ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Individual Success

Abstract1) The breeding succes of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., forma leiura) males in a small stream of the Tsuya River, Gifu Prefecture, Central Japan, was studied with reference to timing of nesting initiation, use of space for nesting and social interactions. The observations were made almost daily during March to early July 1988 along the shore at a distance of 1-2 m from the fish and nests. 2) All the males in an enclosed study pool were individually marked (99 males). Furthermore, a total of 67 females were marked and observed weekly. The males were individually observed and their agonistic, courtship and parental behaviour as well as their reproductive success were quantified. Reproductive success of individual male was measured as the number of nests built, the number of successful nests, the number of hatched fry per nest. Nest sites were categorized in six types (A-F) on the basis of the proportion of vegetation cover around the nest and distance from the shore. 3) Body size and environmental factors (water temperature, water depth, changes in water level) were not correlated with reproductive success. Flooding was not a major cause of unsuccessful nesting. The brightness of nuptial colouration at the onset of breeding correlated significantly with individual success. Individual variation in the development of secondary sexual characteristics such as a nuptial colouration may have an important consequence for the lifetime reproductive success of the individuals. There was no relationship between fish density and reproductive success. 4) All males that nested more than once had begun breeding early in the season. The sooner a male started nest-building, the more opportunities he had to complete breeding cycles. 5) After an unsuccessful nest, males were significantly more likely to move their nest sites than after a successful nest. The subsequent nesting cycle was not always successful. 6) There was variation in nest-sitc location. The spatial pattern of nest distribution was strongly related to the temporal pattern, because the first males which settled, more often built their nests at sites along the shore where the nest was covered on one or two sides by vegetation. The location of nest site was significantly correlated with reproductive success. When males nested in partly concealed places along the shore, they could sometimes obtain a high reproductive success irrespective of the date of breeding initiation. Thus, reproductive success was largely determined by the timing of nest-building and nest position.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. xxii-14
Author(s):  
Sherril Dodds
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Social Dance ◽  
The One ◽  
Individual Success

The introduction outlines the myriad ways in which competition impacts dance, and how dance moves through and in response to this framework of aspiration, judgment, and worth. It considers the implicit competition on the concert stage as dancers compete to secure positions in prestigious companies and choreographers hustle to attract audiences and secure funding; the one-upmanship that emerges through the informal contests of social dance practice; the ubiquity of dance competition scenarios on the popular screen; as well as formal dance competitions with judges, prizes, winners, and losers. The introduction notes how dance is embedded within a neoliberal economy that favors individual success and free-market competition; yet it also argues that models of competition exist that are community-oriented, and that dancing bodies can employ tactics of resistance or critique through moving in ways that reveal and undermine the power structures of competition.

scholarly journals Senior preschool children’s speech development through dialogue with peers

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
N. Khanina ◽  
◽  
I. Li ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Speech Interaction ◽  
Game Environment ◽  
Individual Success ◽  
Children's Speech ◽  
Communicative Abilities

The article is devoted to the relevant problem of speech development, specifically its dialogic component. The development of coherent dialogic speech as a means of forming communication skills plays an important role in the process of preschoolers’ speech development. As a form of speech interaction with other people, dialogue requires special social and speech skills from the child, the development of which occurs gradually. Dialogue for a child is the first school of mastering speech, the school of communication; it is, in fact, the base of personal development. Through dialogue children learn the grammar of their native language, its vocabulary, phonetics, and draw useful information. The topic is relevant, since the development of dialogue in preschool childhood affects the formation of speech and communicative abilities, which are one of the aspects of individual success in modern society. The article focuses on the cooperative type of activities that are particularly important for the development of dialogic speech, primarily in which children jointly create a subject-game environment, come up with a theme and develop a plot, role-play dialogues and in the course of them enter into a variety of real relationships. The program that includes a set of didactic games for older preschoolers and is aimed at improving the level of dialogic communication skills is proposed. An experiment was conducted and described in which a set of didactic games was tested. The experiment showed growth in the skills of dialogic speech.

scholarly journals Research of the activities of the enterprises of the perfume and cosmetic industry of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Iryna Kazakova ◽  
Viacheslav Lebedynets ◽  
Svitlana Kovalenko ◽  
Viktoriya Kazakova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Research Production ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Individual Success ◽  
Further Development

The perfumery and cosmetic industry of Ukraine is distinguished by its dynamic development and makes a significant contribution to the country's economy. Several types of economic activities are involved in its functioning, including the development, research, production and sale of perfumery and cosmetic products, as well as the provision of cosmetic services to the population. The economic activity of each sector in the chain of creation, production and sale of cosmetic products / services determines both their individual success and the efficiency of the entire system as a whole. In this regard, the systematization and analysis of the indicators of economic activity of enterprises of each type of activity of the national cosmetic industry is an urgent task, the solution of which will reasonably determine the prospects for both the further development of this industry and the export potential of the Ukrainian economy as a whole. The aim of this work was to conduct a comprehensive study of the dynamics of the main indicators of Ukrainian enterprises of perfumery, cosmetic and related industries economic activity for the period 2010–2019 and determination of their development trends. The available data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Patent Office of Ukraine, as well as a database of scientific and professional publications publications were used as materials and methods. Retrospective, logical, research methods, as well as the method of content analysis were used. The results of a comparative analysis of the main indicators of the economic activity of business entities in the studied industry made it possible to establish trends in the development of this sector of the economy and substantiate the patterns observed at the present stage. Conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the production potential of the perfumery and cosmetic industry in Ukraine is promising, as well as significant opportunities for further development of the trade in these products and the provision of cosmetic services to the population.

scholarly journals Towards a new paradigm of “coopetitiveness” in emerging countries: Case of the Algerian Entrepreneurial Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Baaziz
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
The North ◽  
Quintuple Helix ◽  
Multidisciplinary Working ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Individual Success ◽  
Private Financing

The main aim of this paper is to propose thinking tracks of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems based on a “Quintuple Helix” approach that overcomes the competitive partitions by founding a paradigm of “coopetition” and “coopetitiveness” through the “intelligent specialization” with a strong societal and economic impact. Indeed, the dominant vision in most of emerging countries calls the relationship between Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and their actors, exclusively in terms of competitiveness aspects by reproducing identically the North-American models unlinked to the environmental dissimilarities, such as entrepreneurial culture. However, it is important to enquiring about the spatiotemporal adaptability of this model in the emerging countries contexts, particularly through its uninhibited relationship to the concepts of individual success and failure as well as the ecosystems running based mainly on private financing from business angels, crowdfunding and venture capital investors. While the creation of a startup is administratively facilitated, the uncertainties of the environment put its sustainability in a severe test. The causes are numerous, we cite among others, the difficulty of these startups to fit into a multidisciplinary working mode, hence the necessity to integrate them in the value chain of an ecosystem where they answer efficiently to mutualized and specific RD needs. That's why we propose to identify the main barriers to open innovation as well as the catalysts enabling the creation of the integrative entrepreneurial ecosystems. By borrowing the paradigm of the city, we highlight the “urbanized” ecosystem made up of “useful” and “specialized” blocks, integrated in the value chain of this ecosystem. We will show the viability of the proposed tracks through many cases of economic, societal and academic actions undertaken in Algeria in order to setting up a favorable environment of integrative entrepreneurial ecosystems.

THE TALENT VERSUS LUCK MODEL AS AN ENSEMBLE OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL RANDOM WALKS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO SIMÃO ◽  
FRANCISCO ROSENDO ◽  
LUCAS WARDIL
Keyword(s):  
Random Walks ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Individual Success ◽  
Shed Light

The role of luck on individual success is hard to be investigated empirically. Simplified mathematical models are often used to shed light on the subtle relations between success and luck. Recently, a simple model called “Talent versus Luck” showed that the most successful individual in a population can be just an average talented individual that is subjected to a very fortunate sequence of events. Here, we modify the framework of the TvL model such that in our model the individuals’ success is modelled as an ensemble of one-dimensional random walks. Our model reproduces the original TvL results and, due to the mathematical simplicity, it shows clearly that the original conclusions of the TvL model are the consequence of two factors: first, the normal distribution of talents with low standard deviation, which creates a large number of average talented individuals; second, the low number of steps considered, which allows the observation of large fluctuations. We also show that the results strongly depend on the relative frequency of good and bad luck events, which defines a critical value for the talent: in the long run, the individuals with high talent end up very successful and those with low talent end up ruined. Last, we considered two variations to illustrate applications of the ensemble of random walks model.

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