Correlates of unintended pregnancy in Beheira governorate, Egypt

This study looked at the frequency and determinants of unplanned births among women in Beheira governorate, Egypt, and the effects on antenatal and postnatal care sought by the mother for herself and her child. Unintended births comprised 23.6%; 13.8% were unwanted and 9.8% were mistimed. Contraceptive failure accounted for 28.8% of unintended pregnancies; 47.1% of women who reported unintended pregnancy were not using [corrected] contraception. Age, education and parity were predictors of unwanted pregnancy. Contraceptive use and maternal employment status predicted mistimed pregnancy. Unintended pregnancy was a barrier to antenatal care, but not to child care. Our findings suggest that family planning programmes should help women of reproductive age achieve spacing and fertility limits.

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1139Predictors of Unintended Pregnancy among Indian women: An analysis from NFHS-IV Survey

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.355 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Jai Kishun

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Unwanted Pregnancy ◽

Working Women ◽

Intimate Partners ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

Unintended Pregnancies ◽

Sociodemographic Disparities

Abstract Background Low levels of women’s decision-making over control of sexual intercourse, contraceptive use, domestic violence with intimate partners not only have impact on socioeconomic and cultural aspects but also on unintended pregnancies. Which create serious public health issues associated with physical, reproductive and mental health consequences. This study explores associations between domestic violence, maternity and sociodemographic characteristics with unintended pregnancies Methods Total 32428 married women aged between 15-49 years, who responded on current pregnancy wanted were observed in NFHS-IV (2015-16) survey data. Out of these, 3,842 found eligible for this study. Logistic regressions used for analysis using SPSS23 software. Results Mean age of 3,842 women respondents were 25.27 ± 4.97 years. 12.3% of them were unintended pregnancies. Women aged between 25-34 years (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.99-1.48) and 35-49 years (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02-2.21) were more likely to have unintended pregnancy than 15–24 years. Working women were 7% (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.73-1.18) less likely to have unintended pregnancy than not working. Women never used contraception were 1.4 times more likely to have unintended pregnancy. Ever face domestic violence were 1.71 times (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.40-2.10) more likely to have unwanted pregnancy. Conclusions Sociodemographic disparities need to be addressed to promote reproductive health and welfare services. Preventing physical violence by intimate partners against women, could reduce unintended pregnancy. Key messages Improving women’s status through educational and occupational initiatives could contribute to reducing physical violence and incidence of unintended pregnancies

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Prevalence of unintended pregnancy and its associated factors: Evidence from six south Asian countries

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245923 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. e0245923

Author(s):

Alamgir Sarder ◽

Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽

Maniruzzaman ◽

Ashis Talukder ◽

Benojir Ahammed

Keyword(s):

Sex Education ◽

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

South Asian ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Health Concern ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Unintended Pregnancies

Aim Unintended pregnancy is a significant public health concern in South Asian countries because of its negative association with the socioeconomic and health outcomes for both children and mothers. The present study aimed to explore the prevalence of unintended pregnancy and explore its determinants among women of reproductive age in six South Asian countries. Methods Nationwide latest demography and health survey data from six South Asian countries, including Bangladesh (2014), Pakistan (2017–2018), Nepal (2016), Afghanistan (2015), Maldives (2016–2017) and India (2015–2016) were pooled for the present study. Multivariate analysis was performed to explore the association between unintended pregnancy and its associated factors. Results Amongst the total women (n = 41,689), overall, 19.1% pregnancies were reported as unintended (ranging from 11.9% in India to 28.4% in Bangladesh). The logistic regression model showed that younger women (15–19 years) had 1.42 times higher chance of unintended pregnancies. The odds of unintended pregnancies was 1.24 times higher for poorest women and 1.19 times higher for poorer women. Further, urban women (aOR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.50–0.80), women having no children (aOR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.09–0.12), smaller (≤4) family (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.67–0.78), those who intent to use contraceptive (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.60–0.86), currently living with partner (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.81–0.99), first cohabitation in teenage (≤19 years) (aOR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.78–0.92) were less likely to report unintended pregnancies. Conclusions This study has showed that women’s age, wealth index, place of residence, number of children, family size, the intention of contraceptive use, living with a partner, and first cohabitation age are essential determinants of unintended pregnancy. These factors should be considered when trying to reduce unintended pregnancy in six South Asian countries. However, there is a need to improve health education, counselling, skills-building, sex education, modern contraceptive use and its access in this region. Intervention programs regarding reproductive health and policies are warranted to reduce rates of unintended pregnancy in South Asian countries.

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Predictors of Discontinuation of Modern Spacing Contraceptives in India

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539520983149 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 101053952098314

Author(s):

Shahina Begum ◽

Himanshu Chaurasia ◽

Kusum V. Moray ◽

Beena Joshi

Keyword(s):

Contraceptive Use ◽

Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽

Family Health ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Health Priorities ◽

Unintended Pregnancies ◽

Reproductive Age Women ◽

One Year ◽

Women In India

Data from National Family Health Survey (2015-2016) was analyzed to examine the contraceptive acceptance, discontinuation rates, and associated factors among reproductive age women in India over one year. Findings revealed that 11.7% accepted modern methods of which 68% were for spacing. Only 5% switched to other methods. Discontinuation rate was high among condom (56.8%) and oral contraceptive pill users (34.5%), among women aged less than 25 years, with parity less than 2, belonging to rural area, and having no education. Health concerns/side effects, husband’s disapproval, or method failure were most common reasons cited for discontinuation. The data show high discontinuation rates among some subgroups of women and for certain methods. Hence, women need to be provided options to switch methods to meet changing contraceptive needs and health priorities. Continuum of care with follow-up and counselling can facilitate sustained contraceptive use to avert unintended pregnancies.

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KAP study of contraception in clients undergoing MTP and sterilization in Gujarat, India

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172340 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 2503

Author(s):

Rakesh Patel ◽

Runoo Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Side Effect ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Unwanted Pregnancy ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Medical College ◽

Medical Termination ◽

Planning Methods ◽

History Of ◽

Reproductive Age Group

Background: Lack of awareness, knowledge and education, religious beliefs and fear of side effects are the main causes why women do not use family planning methods. To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of contraception among clients undergoing to Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) and sterilization.Methods: This prospective study was done among 400 indoor cases at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in B.J. Medical college, Ahmedabad during July 2002 to October 2003. All the clients undergoing MTP and sterilization were explained and counseled about contraception with GATHER approach of family planning. After taking detail history, a thorough clinical examination of the clients was carried out with preliminary investigations.Results: Almost 58% clients were willing to accept TL method as contraceptive option, 39.5% IUCD, 1.75% OC pill method of contraception. Regarding history of side effect of contraceptive use, 17.3% condom users, 68.5% OC pill users, 63% CuT users have felt side effect. Almost 42.5% clients were operated by MTP + Lap TL, 39.5% by MTP + CuT and 14.5% by plain Lap TL.Conclusions: Efforts should be made to promote information, education and communication regarding emergency contraception targeted to all women of reproductive age group. It is important that unwanted pregnancy be prevented through effective contraceptive practice rather than abortion.

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Wealth and unintended pregnancy in Ghana: Analysis of 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey

10.21203/rs.2.18741/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jones Arkoh Paintsil ◽

Edward Kwabena Ameyaw

Keyword(s):

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Wealth Quintile ◽

Control Measures ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Wealth Status ◽

Unintended Pregnancies ◽

Binary Logistic Model

Abstract Background: Pregnancy intention is a critical factor for both short and long term maternal and 27 child health outcomes. Some evidence show that wealth status has varying implications on 28 unintended pregnancy. In this study, we investigated wealth and unintended pregnancy among 29 women of reproductive age in Ghana. 30Methods: Our descriptive analysis comprised calculation of wealth status and unintended 31 pregnancy. The same calculation was done for socio-demographic characteristics and 32 unintended pregnancy. Due to the binary nature of the outcome variable (unintended 33 pregnancy), Binary Logistic Model was used for the inferential analysis. The first model 34 (Model I), constituted wealth quintile and unintended pregnancy. The second model (Model II) 35 was developed by adjusting for five key socio-demographic variables. 36Results: Women in the richest wealth quintile had less likelihood of experiencing unintended 37 pregnancy (OR=0.740, CI=0.42-1.28). Considering women aged 15-19 as the reference 38 category, women in all other age categories had less likelihood of unintended pregnancy 39 especially those aged 45-49 (AOR=0.26, CI=0.04-1.58). The findings revealed that those who 40 listened to radio at least once a week (AOR=0.56, CI=0.36-0.89) were less probable to report 41 unintended pregnancy, having those not listening to radio at all as the reference category. 42 Women in urban settings were less likely to have unintended pregnancies (AOR=0.74, 43 CI=0.46-1.19). 44Conclusions: This study has indicated that unintended pregnancy to larger extent is poverty 45 driven. The study suggests that the mass media, particularly radio, is valuable in 46 communicating birth control measures and messages on unintended pregnancies. Efforts to 47 halt unintended pregnancies must target poor women, especially those in the rural locations.

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Prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women of reproductive age group in chencha woreda, gammo gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia

Women s Health ◽

10.15406/mojwh.2021.10.00284 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 29-34

Author(s):

Sintayehu Abebe ◽

Abayneh Tunja ◽

Woiynshet Gebretsadik

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Previous History ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression ◽

Reproductive Health Services ◽

Unintended Pregnancies

Introduction: Unintended pregnancies and unplanned births can have serious health, economic, and social consequences for women and their families. The immediate outcome of some unintended pregnancies is induced abortion which is unsafe in many countries that have highly restrictive abortion laws. In these countries, abortion often damages women’s health and sometimes results in their death. Method: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 420 study participants were recruited. Simple random sampling was used to draw participants; the collected data were entered into EPI- Data version (7.9.0.) and then exported to SPSS Version 20.0 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were carried out, Odds ratio with 95% CI were calculated. Result: the prevalence of unintended pregnancy was found to be 30.2%. Multiple logistic regression results showed that the previous history of abortion (AOR=8.262; 95%CI=3.692, 18.489), not discussing the sexual reproductive health (SRH) issues with their husband (AOR=3.086; 95%CI=1.830, 5.205) age of the last child less than three years (AOR=1.870; 95%CI=1.100, 3.179) were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy. Conclusion: This study shown that the prevalence of unintended pregnancy is high in the study area, hence, strengthening the provision of post abortion services, counseling on long term family planning services and male involvement in all reproductive health services are highly recommended.

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Knowledge and factors influencing long acting reversible contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

Gates Open Research ◽

10.12688/gatesopenres.12902.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽

Olalekan Seun Olagunju

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Human Error ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Target Population ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Unintended Pregnancies ◽

Long Acting ◽

Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

Background: Over a month when contraception is used, approximately 48% of unintended pregnancies occur as a result of human error, which is largely due to incorrect use, poor adherence and/or technology failure. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods have been developed to bridge this gap because it’s not dependent on compliance with a pill-taking regimen; remembering to change patch or ring; or fixing an appointment with physicians. The main aim of this study is to examine the characteristics of women associated with use of LARC and also to examine the relationship between knowledge of LARC and its current use. Methods: This study assessed the PMA2020 secondary dataset using female datasets from PMA 2016 (Round 3) exercise. PMA 2016 was a survey carried out in seven states of Nigeria. The target population for this study was women of reproductive age (15-49 years) currently using any method of contraception prior to the survey. The weighted sample size of women meeting inclusion criteria in this study is 1927. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution, chi-square and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that 21.0% of women were using traditional methods. Concerning LARC methods, the table showed that 14.8% of the sampled women were using LARC methods. Findings further revealed that at both levels of analysis there is a significant relationship (P<0.05 and P=0.00 for binary and multivariable logistic regression, respectively) between knowledge of LARCs and uses in this study. This means that the use of LARC is being influenced by its knowledge among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. Conclusions: This study concludes that 14.8% of women using any methods of contraceptive were using LARC. Additionally, after controlling for other confounding factors, level of education, age of women, household wealth and number of living children were significantly associated with using LARC.

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Knowledge and factors influencing long acting reversible contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

Gates Open Research ◽

10.12688/gatesopenres.12902.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽

Olalekan Seun Olagunju

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Target Population ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Unintended Pregnancies ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Long Acting ◽

Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

Background: Approximately 48% of unintended pregnancies occur as a result of contraceptive failure around the world, which is largely due to incorrect use, poor adherence and/or technology failure. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods have been developed to close this gap because it’s not dependent on compliance with a pill-taking regimen; remembering to change patch or ring; or fixing an appointment with physicians. The main aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing the women associated with use of LARC and to examine the relationship between knowledge of LARC and its current use. Methods: This study assessed the PMA2020 methodology and secondary dataset using female datasets from PMA 2016 (Round 3) exercise. PMA 2016 was a survey carried out in seven states of Nigeria. The target population for this study was women of reproductive age (15-49 years) currently using contraception prior to the survey. The sample size of women meeting inclusion criteria in this study was 1927. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution, chi-square and logistic regression at 5% level of significant. Results: The results showed that 21.0% of women were using traditional methods. Concerning LARC methods, the table showed that 14.8% of the sampled women were using LARC methods. Findings further showed that at both levels of analyses there is a significant relationship (P<0.05 and P=0.00 for binary and multivariable logistic regression, respectively) between knowledge of LARCs and uses in this study. This means that knowledge of LARC & other socio-demographic variables among women of reproductive age in Nigeria can influence the use of it. Conclusions: From the result of the study we concluded that 14.8% of women using contraception were using LARC. Additionally, level of education, age of women, household wealth and number of living children were significantly associated with using LARC.

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Women's perceptions of factors contributing to unintended pregnancy and actions to prevent it in the Eruwa community, Oyo State, Nigeria

African Journal of Midwifery and Women s Health ◽

10.12968/ajmw.2018.0017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Morolake Ayanseeke Ayanlowo ◽

Omolola Irinoye ◽

Olayinka Olaitan Aremu

Keyword(s):

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

Peer Influence ◽

Unwanted Pregnancy ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Self Control ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Women’S Perceptions

Introduction: Unintended pregnancy, used synonymously with unplanned and unwanted pregnancy, contributes to a high health burden among women of reproductive age in many countries. This study focused on women's perceptions of factors contributing to unintended pregnancy and actions that can be taken to prevent it, in Nigeria. Objectives: To collect data that will inform preventive education and support for women and help to reduce the burden of unintended pregnancy, especially among women at a community level. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. 338 women of childbearing age were selected systematically from the town of Eruwa using a multistage sampling technique. A pre-tested self-structured questionnaire was issued to identify sociodemographic data of participants and their perceptions of factors contributing to unintended pregnancy and actions that can be taken to prevent this. The Chi squared test determined if sociodemographic characteristics were significantly associated with perceptions of effective actions. Results: Peer influence, rape, and lack of parental care were most commonly perceived as factors contributing to unintended pregnancy. Abstaining from sex, preconception counselling, and self-control were commonly identified as effective preventive measures. The perceptions that the use of arm implants or self-control are effective actions to prevent unintended pregnancy were significantly associated with the marital status of participants (P= 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). Several perceived methods for effective actions in preventing unintended pregnancy were significantly associated with the age of participants, including arm implants (P<0.000) and the calendar contraceptive method (P= 0.004). Conclusions: These findings highlight several factors that women in Nigeria believe contribute to unintended pregnancy. Efforts should be directed at ensuring victims of rape are treated fairly and without discrimination, as well as encouraging positive preventive actions, such as contraceptive use, to reduce unintended pregnancy and contribute to the reduction of maternal mortality and morbidity.

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Intendedness of pregnancies and preconception contraceptive use in women of Swedish and non-European origins seeking emergency care in early pregnancy

BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health ◽

10.1136/bmjsrh-2020-200970 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bmjsrh-2020-200970

Author(s):

Marcus Bergman ◽

Anna-Maria Gray ◽

Nina Sollier ◽

Markus Sjöstrand ◽

Helena Kopp Kallner

Keyword(s):

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Emergency Care ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Unplanned Pregnancy ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Unintended Pregnancies ◽

Sociodemographic Data ◽

Unplanned Pregnancies ◽

Unselected Population

IntroductionUnintended pregnancies in Europe have been estimated to constitute 43% of all pregnancies, with the proportion in Sweden being unknown. In striving for equitable healthcare, increased knowledge about unintended pregnancies among women born outside Europe is needed. We aimed to estimate the proportion of unintended pregnancies in women born in Sweden compared with women born outside Europe in an unselected population seeking gynaecological emergency care in early pregnancy. Our secondary aim was to compare contraceptive use at the time of conception in unplanned pregnancies between women born in Sweden and women born outside Europe.MethodsPregnant women seeking gynaecological emergency care in early pregnancy at a tertiary hospital were asked to fill out a questionnaire in their native language. The questionnaire contained questions from the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP) and questions regarding sociodemographic data, gynaecological health and previous contraception.ResultsOf 180 pregnancies, 66 were unintended (36.7%) according to the LMUP. Among patients born in Sweden, 49/129 (38.0%) of the pregnancies were unintended compared with 17/51 (33.3%) among patients born outside Europe (p=0.56). 86% of participants with unintended pregnancy did not use any form of contraception during the month of conception, with no difference between women born in Sweden and those born outside Europe.ConclusionsAmong women seeking gynaecological emergency care in early pregnancy, unintended pregnancies are common. Women with unintended pregnancies had low use of preconception contraceptives, which highlights a need for further interventions aimed at avoiding unintended pregnancies.

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