SOME COMMENTS EARLY STAGES OF ENTRANCE OF ENGLISH AMBASSADORS AND TRADERS TO CENTRAL ASIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Ismail Kupaysinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

This article analyzes the factors that led to the arrival of British ambassadors and merchants in the Central Asian region in the early XIX century, the attitude of the Russian Empire to the ambassadors' personal diaries, and historical sources

THE HISTORY OF THE CONQUEST OF THE KHIVIN KHANATE BY THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE FROM FOREIGN SOURCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Ilhom Juraev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Political Economic

In this article, the author analyzes McGahan's novels “Campaigning on the Oxus, and the Fall of Khiva” which is about the history of Uzbekistan, and distinguishes that these novels according to their peculiarities highlight the history of Uzbekistan particularly the last quarter of XIX century when the valley invaded by Soviet Russia and author shared his thoughts on the basis of historical sources and gave some summaries.Relying on these summaries we obtain necessary information about the valley’s political, economic and cultural life

ADEEB KHALID, The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform. Jadidism in Central Asia, Comparative Studies on Muslim Societies (Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1998). Pp. 353.

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-315
Author(s):  
MURIEL ATKIN
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Cultural Reform ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Revolutionary Period

This book focuses on the cultural dimensions of the Central Asian form of an Islamic modernist movement, Jadidism, which arose among several groups of Muslims of the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Politics was not an option for the Jadidists until the final years of the czarist monarchy and the early revolutionary period, so the author relegates that aspect of the movement to the later chapters. To the extent that involvement in politics in Russia became possible, Central Asian Jadidists sought to participate, not to pursue either isolationism or separatism. According to the author, Russian officials were the ones who mistakenly assumed that Jadidism posed a separatist threat; subsequent generations of scholars misperceived the movement through the lens of those fears. The author argues that culture is a significant dimension of the movement in its own right. It mattered in Central Asia both in the rivalry between the Jadidists and traditionalists for leadership of the region's Muslims and as a way for educated Muslims to preserve their distinctiveness within the Russian Empire.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE ON THE STATE OF MUSLIM CLERGY IN THE CENTRAL ASIAN STATES

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (08) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Nadira Makhkamova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Muslim Society ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Muslim Education ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article highlights the changes that took place in the state of the Muslim clergy of the Central Asian region after its conquest by the Russian Empire, and also attempts to determine whether its influence on the local population remains as strong as in previous periods. The author of the article concludes that Islam in colonial Turkestan continued to remain an influential force in Muslim society, and the influence of the Muslim clergy was equally comprehensive, despite certain changes that took place in the system of Muslim education and legal proceedings.

scholarly journals Surkhan Oasis in Russian-English Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 497-500
Author(s):  
E. Kabulov ◽  
B. Safarov
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
British Government ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Russian Empire

It is illuminated the politics of the Russian Empire and the British Government that was carried out in Central Asia and the role of the Surkhan oasis in this process, based on archival documents and historical sources in this article.

THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY -THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE COLONIES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY(on the example of the Central Asian region )

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Zarnigor Z. Qodirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

The article provides information on the organization of Russian-system schools by the Russian Empire, the implementation of several works aimed at ensuring the literacy of spiritual and educational, religious and secular knowledge of the local population, women and girls, as well as the creation of an educational system aimed at russifying the local population and broadening Russian culture in the region. From the very beginning of the Soviet regime, it was shown that the main attention was paid to the issue of education of Muslim women and girls.Index Terms:primary education, otinoi, Russian-native schools, gymnasium, Muslim society, S. Yenikeeva, democracy, enlightenment, new methodological schools

scholarly journals ATTACKS OF THE CENTRAL ASIAN NOMADS ON RUSSIAN TRADING CARAVANS IN THE EARLY 19TH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Konstantin A. Abdrakhmanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Slow Moving ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Military

Based on archival materials (reports of the Orenburg border and customs departments, orders of the military governors of the Orenburg region, letters from the injured merchants, etc.), the article considers cases of attacks of the Central Asian nomads on the merchant caravans in the early 19th century. The main means of trade and transport communication between the Russian Empire, Bukhara, Khiva and Kokand were caravans, their size sometimes reached several thousand loaded camels. At that time, the steppes that separated the Russian border from the main trading cities of Central Asia were insufficiently explored, difficult to traverse, and very unsafe. Armed nomadic groups moving along the imperial border and deep in the Kazakh steppe were a direct threat to slow-moving and poorly guarded caravans. Steppe raiders were attracted by a diverse range of valuable goods and a large number of working animals, so valued by nomadic cultures. Merchants, their clerks, and hired workers were often killed in clashes with raiders. Those Russian merchants who were robbed of their money and property sought support from the leadership of the Orenburg province and even sent messages to the central Russian government.

scholarly journals “Letters from the trans-ural steppe” by Sultan Mendali Piraliev: an unofficial point of view of a russian official on imperial policy in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Gorbunova V. Svetlana
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Border Line ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
Legal Space ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

The article is devoted to the analysis of V. V. Grigoriev's views on Russian policy in the Kazakh Hordes. The interrelations with the Central Asia was not the primary one in the foreign policy of the Russian Empire in the 18th first half of the 19th centuries. Therefore, the central authorities entrusted managing the Kazakhs to the Orenburg governor and the Orenburg border commission. The Orenburg and Omsk officials not only implemented Russian policy in this region, but also exerted a strong influence on its formation and took part in the development of the most normative acts in the Steppe management. Therefore, the views of local officials are of interest for understanding the Central Asian policy of the Russian Empire, the peculiarities of relations with the Kazakhs and their management. V.V. Grigoriev, who held the important post of chairman of the Orenburg Border Commission, preferred to declare his position in the form of letters from the imaginary Kazakh sultan Mendali Piraliev, because thus as we can assume his ideas got more weight and he could have felt free in describing the policy of the Russian authorities in the Kazakh Hordes. This policy, according to V.V. Grigoriev, was erroneous, because it did not take into account the mentality of an Eastern person and was based not on justice, but on excessive indulgence. That is why the Russian administration could not cope even with the attacks of the Kazakhs on Russian villages and the border line that had been erected to separate the Kazakhs after their taking citizenship. V.V. Grigoriev, who headed the Orenburg border commission in the 50s and early 60s. XIX century, the period of the Kazakh steppe future fate determination, perhaps expected to strengthen the positions of supporters of the incorporation of Kazakhs into the general imperial political and legal space by publishing his polemical Letters.

scholarly journals Formation and development of the educational system of the Оrenburg region in the XVIII–XIX centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
S. V. Lyubichankovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Foreign National ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Xix Century

In the article, the author presents an analysis of the formation and development of the educational system of the Orenburg region during the period from the establishment of the Orenburg province and up to the entry of the Russian Empire during the revolutionary upheavals of the early XX century. The main stages of this process are highlighted: the appearance of the first educational institutions in the conditions of the formation of the Orenburg region as a new administrative space of the Russian Empire (1730s 1770s); the development of the educational system of the Orenburg region in the conditions of stabilization of the frontier zone and systematization of the state educational policy (late XVIII mid XIX century); the development of the educational system under the conditions of post-reform modernization (second half of the XIX early XX century). He revealed the key reasons for the change in the educational system related to the specific needs of the region and changes in state policy in the field of education. He concluded that during the period under study, the educational system of the Orenburg region simultaneously solved two key tasks providing the region with educated personnel and the formation of a loyal stratum of foreign (national) intelligentsia. The research is based on both archival (from the funds of the State Archives of the Orenburg region) and published historical sources.

scholarly journals Indicators of modernization of education in the Central Asian region of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
M.V. Rygalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
School Network ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
To Receive

The topic of modernization studies is one of the most popular among historians, as it includes various areas of social development in a long chronological span: demography, socio-economic, political, cultural, etc. In this respect, the Central Asian region of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries is of considerable interest to researchers, since the modernization of peripheral Russia had its own characteristics, characteristics associated with geography, ethnic composition, and traditionalism of society. One of the areas of modernization is education. According to researchers, it can be referred to the spiritual aspect of modernization. Based on information from the sources, as well as on the specifics of development in the peripheral territories of the Russian Empire, indicators of educational development have been identified and described in detail in the article (the number of educational institutions and the involvement of the population in the educational process, the involvement of the indigenous population in education (considered separately due to the specific composition of the population, over 50% of whom were foreigners), the involvement of girls in the educational process (this indicator should also be treated with special attention). The analysis of the set of indicators suggests that the Russian authorities were pursuing a policy of systematic modernization of the territory, and that there was no radical break in the traditional foundations of society. This can be seen from the education policy related to the establishment of schools for non-Russians, educational institutions for joint education of non-Russians and opportunities for non-Russians to receive secondary education, including outside the oblast. The growth in the number of educational institutions, students, and the expansion of the school network at the expense of vocational schools are indicators not only of the development of the education system, but also of various sectors of social and economic life, which have also been affected by modernization.

scholarly journals Auf der Suche nach einer verlorenen Zeit? – Visuelle Perspektiven der Kindheit in Mittelasien vor 1917

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakhodir Sidikov
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Traditional Society ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Social ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe following article argues that vintage postcard photographies from Russian Central Asia before 1917 could be read as “conventional” historical sources. The way that provides access to their historical contents beyond the photographers’ intentions and no matter how staged the photographies were could be the praxeology, i. e. the conception that vintage postcards images are a manifestation of both local and central social practices in the Central Asian region under Russian rule. Using the example of the debate on childhood in traditional society initiated by French historian Philippe Ariès in his book

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