scholarly journals Indicators of modernization of education in the Central Asian region of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
M.V. Rygalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
School Network ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
To Receive

The topic of modernization studies is one of the most popular among historians, as it includes various areas of social development in a long chronological span: demography, socio-economic, political, cultural, etc. In this respect, the Central Asian region of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries is of considerable interest to researchers, since the modernization of peripheral Russia had its own characteristics, characteristics associated with geography, ethnic composition, and traditionalism of society. One of the areas of modernization is education. According to researchers, it can be referred to the spiritual aspect of modernization. Based on information from the sources, as well as on the specifics of development in the peripheral territories of the Russian Empire, indicators of educational development have been identified and described in detail in the article (the number of educational institutions and the involvement of the population in the educational process, the involvement of the indigenous population in education (considered separately due to the specific composition of the population, over 50% of whom were foreigners), the involvement of girls in the educational process (this indicator should also be treated with special attention). The analysis of the set of indicators suggests that the Russian authorities were pursuing a policy of systematic modernization of the territory, and that there was no radical break in the traditional foundations of society. This can be seen from the education policy related to the establishment of schools for non-Russians, educational institutions for joint education of non-Russians and opportunities for non-Russians to receive secondary education, including outside the oblast. The growth in the number of educational institutions, students, and the expansion of the school network at the expense of vocational schools are indicators not only of the development of the education system, but also of various sectors of social and economic life, which have also been affected by modernization.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ACTIVITY IN YELISAVETGRAD REGION IN 1865-1917

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Pertsov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Military Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Internal Organization ◽  
Military School ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
School Activity

In the article, the features of military educational institutions activity in Yelisavetgrad region in 1865–1917 have been studied. The purpose of the article is to study features of Yelisavetgrad cavalry junker school activity in Yelisavetgrad region in 1865–1917. The purpose of the Yelisavetgrad cavalry junker school was analysed as the one to prepare high-moral officers-practitions and as a military one that had the right to train officers in the rank of Cornets. It has been concluded that at a certain point of its activity Yelisavetgrad cavalry junker school became the second in the Russian Empire due to its the internal organization of the institution's life in accordance with the current charter of the internal service in the troops, the organization of the educational process and the regime in the school.Key words: military educational institutions, Yelisavetgrad region, military school, officer cavalry school, military education.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE ON THE STATE OF MUSLIM CLERGY IN THE CENTRAL ASIAN STATES

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (08) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Nadira Makhkamova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Muslim Society ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Muslim Education ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article highlights the changes that took place in the state of the Muslim clergy of the Central Asian region after its conquest by the Russian Empire, and also attempts to determine whether its influence on the local population remains as strong as in previous periods. The author of the article concludes that Islam in colonial Turkestan continued to remain an influential force in Muslim society, and the influence of the Muslim clergy was equally comprehensive, despite certain changes that took place in the system of Muslim education and legal proceedings.

scholarly journals City schools and teacher training institutes of the Russian Empire: from project to implementation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.Р. Исхакова
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
City Schools

Вторая половина 19 в. – время активного формирования системы начального и среднего образования для всех без исключения социальных слоев населения. Актуальность статьи заключается в исследовании парадигмы развития так называемой городской системы образования, форм и методов обучения городского населения Российской империи. Выявлено, что система образования для населения промышленно развитых городов была задумана по образцу аналогичного прусского опыт, однако под влиянием целого ряда обстоятельств, исследованных в статье, трансформировалась в эффективную модель связанных между собой учебных заведений: городские училища – учительские институты. Проанализированы основные принципы вновь образованной системы образования: организационные основы, постановка учебного процесса. Сделаны выводы о социальном значении этой системы образования, ее месте в образовательном пространстве дореволюционной России. The second half of the 19th century was the time of active formation of the primary and secondary education system for all social strata of the population without exception. The relevance of the article lies in the study of the paradigm of the development of the so-called urban education system, forms and methods of teaching the urban population of the Russian Empire. It is revealed that the education system for the population of industrially developed cities was conceived on the model of a similar Prussian experience, however, under the influence of a number of circumstances investigated in the article, it was transformed into an effective model of interconnected educational institutions: urban schools – teachers' institutes. The basic principles of the newly formed education system are analyzed: organizational foundations, the formulation of the educational process. Conclusions are drawn about the social significance of this education system, its place in the educational space of pre-revolutionary Russia.

SOME COMMENTS EARLY STAGES OF ENTRANCE OF ENGLISH AMBASSADORS AND TRADERS TO CENTRAL ASIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Ismail Kupaysinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

This article analyzes the factors that led to the arrival of British ambassadors and merchants in the Central Asian region in the early XIX century, the attitude of the Russian Empire to the ambassadors' personal diaries, and historical sources

scholarly journals The role of the special classes of Lazarev Institute in the development of “practical Oriental studies” in Russia in second half of 19th – beginning of 20th centuries

2017 ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
M. Volhonskiy
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Special Classes

The article describes a complex path of development of domestic «practical Oriental studies» in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries by the example of special classes Lazarev Institute. Passing during this time through several major transformations of special classes became a leading Russian educational institutions specializing in the preparation of the «Orientalists practitioners», future diplomats and officials, called to serve in the Middle East, and Eastern and southern outskirts of the Russian Empire. Hallmark special classes was the use in the educational process achievements as «academic» and «practical Oriental studies».

scholarly journals The Russian language as a mechanism for integration of the General Government of the Steppes of Russia into the common empire area (second half of the 19th — early 20th century)

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-163
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Lysenko ◽  
M.V. Rygalova ◽  
Y.N. Yegorenkova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Russian Language

The problem of homogeneity and integrity of the Russian Empire state territories became topical in the se-cond half of the 19th century. Its resolution was reflected in the administrative and legal integration, based on the policy of Russification and introduction of the Russian language in all spheres of life of the society. The purpose of this article is to reconstruct the mechanisms and particularities of the implementation of this policy in the Central Asian outskirts of the Russian Empire — the Governor-Generalship of the Steppes. The study is based on a wide range of hsitorical sources — regulations and paperwork, most of which have been identified in archives and in-troduced into the scientific discourse for first time. It has been revealed that the implementation of the Russifica-tion policy in the Steppe Territory followed two directions. The first one involved the introduction of paperwork management in Russian language into the local governments system. This process iniciated very actively in the beginning of the 20th century after the settlement of the legal status of the Russian language in the Russian Em-pire. Applicants for the positions of volost, aul and kishlak rulers, which were elective, were required to pass an exam on Russian language knowledge the prior to the ballot. Failure in the exam would immediately disqualify the candidate from further electoral process. The second important direction of expanding the influence of the Rus-sian language in the Steppe Territory was the educational policy related to the formation of a secular school edu-cation system and the mandatory inclusion of the Russian language course into the educational process. A net-work of Russian-Kyrgyz, Russian-aul, and missionary schools, Cyrillic-based alphabets for regional languages, educational-methodological literature in Russian were created in the region. The Russian language course be-came compulsory in programs of Muslim metebas and madrassas to raise the effectiveness of the Russification policy. Until the end of the imperial period, regional authorities failed to form a staff of ethnic officials who could speak Russian. The level of knowledge of the Russian language in the rest of the indigenous population remained extremely low, which was due to unpopularity of the Russian school system. Thus, it can be stated that the poten-tial of the Russian language as a means of integration into the common empire space was not fully utilized. At the same time, it cannot be denied, that Russian culture, historically close to Muslim peoples of the Central Asian region, embodied in the imperial educational system, played a positive role, acting as a conductor of their in-volvement in the achievements of European civilization.

THE INFLUENCE OF MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE REFORMING IN 1863-1869 ON THEIR PUPILS’ RELIGIOUS TRAINING

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-156
Author(s):  
A.N. ANTOSHKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Military Schools ◽  
The Law ◽  
Class Room ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Religious Training

The purpose of the article is to consider the essence and content of religious education of pupils of mili-tary gymnasiums and military schools of the Russian Empire in 1863-1869. The author provides a char-acteristic of the educational process transformation in an organization, the volume, the forms and the methods of the Law of God teaching. Particular attention is paid to reading and explanation of Sunday and holiday Gospels and Epistles of the Apostles in military educational institutions: the passages from the Holy Scripture books are shown, which compiled a collection to help a teacher of law in conducting class-room studies; distribution of reading by classes; the methods of reading. The article presents the re-quirements for the Law of God education necessary when entering military gymnasiums. All the aspira-tions of the Main Directorate of Military Educational Institutions in the period under review were aimed at giving the Law of God teaching such a character in which it more fully influenced pupils’ religious and moral education. Also, the article presents some changes in the Law of God teaching to Gentile cadets.

The Effect Of The Russian Empire On The Political Life Of The Emirate Of Bukhara (1868-1917)

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (10) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Yangiboeva Dilnoza Uktamovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Changing World

The article describes the influence of the Russian Empire on the socio-political life of the Emirate of Bukhara in the late XIX - early XX centuries during the reign of Mangit emirs Muzaffar (1860-1885), Abdulahad (1885-1910) and Alimkhan (1910-1920). There were many people who looked at this country, which has beautiful nature, fertile soil and rich in minerals. The Central Asian khanates, which were part of a constantly changing world, did not undergo renewal, despite their obsolescence. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, when the Emirate of Bukhara became politically and economically full of the policy of the Russian Empire and officially became its vassal, many historical events took place in its social life.

Kharkiv University and the Shumlyansky brothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2b) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
I.V. Belozоrov ◽  
◽  
B.A. Rogozhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Medical Faculty ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Higher Medical Education

A comparative study of the biography of outstanding doctors and scientists brothers Alexander and Pavel Shumlyansky is presented. It is shown that they made a significant contribution to the development and improvement of higher medical education in the Russian Empire at the turn of the XVIII — XIX centuries. Their activities contributed to the transition from the training of doctors in hospital schools to the academic educational process, which created the basis for the formation of university schools. Oleksandr Shumlyansky developed, and Pavel took part in the implementation of the system of university higher medical education, becoming the first dean of the medical faculty of Kharkiv University.

Transnational interaction of educational institutions and libraries of Central Asia in the field of training and retraining of library personnel

Infolib ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Nurila Davletyarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Standards ◽  
Personnel Training ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Library And Information Education

This article examines the state and prospects of library personnel training in Central Asia. The article focuses on the creation of a new, alternative approach to training librarians, taking into account modern requirements, which ensures the maximum approximation of the traditional system of training specialists to international educational standards. At the same time, special attention is paid to the process of internationalization of library and information education in the Central Asian region.

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