THE HISTORY OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS IN BUKHARA AND RUSSIA IN THE RESEARCH OF THE 20-50s OF THE XX CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Sunnatillo Khamraev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire

The study of the history of diplomatic relations between the Emirate of Bukhara and the Russian Empire is one of the most important issues in the history of Uzbekistan. This article presents an analysis of research on the study of this issue in the early Soviet period, i.e. in the 20-50s of the twentieth century. In addition, the aspects and approaches that have been given great attention by researchers to the diplomatic relations between the two countries are analyzed. The article reveals the goals and interests of both parties in diplomatic relations between the Bukhara Emirate and the Russian Empire, highlights all diplomatic missions and embassies of the Bukhara Emirate before it became a protectorate of the Russian Empire, uses archival materials and sources on the subject, approaches to diplomatic relations, it was emphasized that it is advisable to conduct them on the basis of such principles as ideological orientations

On the history of the title and surname inheritance of Counts Perovsky by Mikhail Mikhailovich Petrovo-Solovovo in 1907: legal norms and archival reconstruction of circumstances

2019 ◽  
pp. 250-259
Author(s):  
Kseniia Donik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Local History ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

We highlight unknown circumstances of the title and surname transfer of Counts Perovsky to M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo – a statesman, a representative of an ancient aristocratic family who owned an estate in the Kirsanovsky County of the Tambov Governorate on the basis of new archive sources that were not previously introduced into scientific circulation. In various local history interpretations, modern periodicals that somehow transmit a historical narrative about the last owner of the Karay-Saltykovsky estate, there is a wide variety of versions of how M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo became Count Perovsky (mainly the title inheritance from mother is men-tioned). The purpose of this study is a detailed reconstruction of the titled surname Perovsky transfer in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the twentieth century. Methodologically the study is based on historiographic criticism of documents and analysis of legislation on noble surnames based on the data of genealogical studies of different years. We pay special attention to the historical context of the analyzed events. We prove that the transfer initiative came from M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo’s aunt – maid of honor of the Empress, Countess V.B. Perovskaya, who, having previously secured the permission of the emperor, was able to begin the formal transfer process, although under the law as a female person she did not have such rights. We introduce new information both in Russian genealogical historiography as a whole, and in the history of the Petrovo-Solovovo clan and Tambov’s local history in particular.

scholarly journals On the Issue of Creating a Russian Agent Network in Shanghai at the Beginning of the 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Drobotushenko Evgeny V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City

The history of the creation of the agent network of the Russian Empire has not found comprehensive coverage in scientific publications so far. The existing research referred to specific names or mention private facts. This predetermined the relevance of the work. The object of the study is the Russian agents in China in general and in Chinese Shanghai, in particular. The subject is the study of peculiarities of the first attempts in creating Russian agent network in the city. The aim of the work is to analyze the attempt to create a network of Russian illegal agents in Shanghai in 1906–1908. The lack of materials on the problem in scientific and popular scientific publications predetermined the use of previously unknown or little-known archival sources. This is the correspondence of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the Russian Imperial envoy in Beijing and the Russian Consul in Shanghai stored in the funds of the State Archive of the Russian Federation (SARF). The main conclusion of the study was the remark about the lack of scientific elaboration, at the moment, the history of official, legal and illegal agents of the Russian Empire in Shanghai, China. Private findings suggest that, judging by the available data, creation of a serious network of agents in the city during the Russian Empire failed. The reasons for this, presumably, were several: the lack of qualified agents with knowledge of Chinese or, at least, English, who could work effectively; the lack of funds for the maintenance of agents, a small number of Russian citizens, the remoteness of Shanghai from the Russian-Chinese border, etc. A network of agents will be created in the city by the Soviet authorities by the middle of the third decade of the 20th century, and Soviet illegal agents began to work in the early 1920s. The History of Soviet agents in China and Shanghai, in particular, is studied quite well which cannot be said about the previous period. It is obvious that further serious work with archival sources is required to recreate as complete as possible the history of Russian legal and illegal agents in Shanghai in pre-Soviet times

scholarly journals IMPERIAL AND SOVIET DIMENSIONS OF THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ISSUE IN O. LOTOTSKY’S JOURNALISM

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-59
Author(s):  
Galina Mykhailenko
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Independent State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
National Issue

This paper aims at studying O. Lototsky’s journalistic works during the revolutions of 1905-1907, 1917-1921 and the emigration of 1920-1930. The main focus is on the analysis of the position of Ukrainian lands in the imperial era and the Soviet period, as well as the vision of key problems and political prospects proposed in the articles of O. Lototsky. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. Both general scientific and special-historical methods are used in the study, namely: historical and comparative, problematic, research tools of the history of ideas (intellectual history) and biographistics. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by its focus on the analysis of the content of Lototsky’s journalistic works in the context of opportunities to solve the Ukrainian national issue in the conditions of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. Conclusions. O. Lototsky’s creative legacy contains a significant amount of journalistic material. Their topics are diverse: from reviews of the economic situation of Ukrainian lands to the analysis of the state of educational institutions in the Russian Empire and the problems of the clergy. Considerable attention in these materials is devoted to the Ukrainian national issue. Due to O. Lototsky’s active social activity from 1906 to 1917, the topics of his essays frequently intertwined with the problems in which he was directly involved (for example, the status of the Ukrainian language and the abolition of bans on its use). The position of the Ukrainian lands as part of the Russian Empire and other states in the specified period was of his particular concern. During the emigrant era, the publicist continued to express his vision of the situation of Ukrainian territories within the USSR. The leading idea expressed in most of O. Lototsky’s materials of that period was that the state policy of both the Russian Empire and the USSR did not provide for the creation of an independent Ukrainian state, let alone support for Ukrainian culture. Given the historical experiences of the Ukrainian lands, O. Lototsky in the 1920s and 1930s was an active supporter of the creation of an independent state. O. Lototsky’s diverse creative legacy, his active social and political activities leave many more aspects for further elaboration, analysis, and determination of the significance of his heritage in the intellectual history of Ukraine and the Ukrainian movement.

scholarly journals Russian Historians' Review Of Diplomatic Relations Between The Emirates Of Bukhara And The Russian Empire In Colonial Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (05) ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Sunnatillo Hamraev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Colonial Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

The first research on the history of diplomatic relations between the Emirate of Bukhara and the Russian Empire began in the XIX century. It is expedient to study how the diplomatic relations between the two countries were studied by Russian historians in the XIX and early XX centuries through historical research. This article discusses the general features of research in this period and the issues that are in their focus.

THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEGISLATION ON LIABILITY FOR FRAUD IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Arkhipov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time

The article examines the history of the emergence and development of Russian legislation on criminal liability for fraud. It is noted that for the first time fraud is mentioned in the legal acts of the second half of the 16th century - the Codes of Justice of Tsars Ivan IV and Fyodor Ioannovich. Initially, fraud was most often understood as a deft but petty theft, in which de-ception was used to facilitate its commission. The understanding of fraud as the theft of other people's property, committed by deception, began to be formed only in the second half of the 18th century with the publication on April 3, 1781 by Empress Catherine II of the Decree "On the court and punishments for theft of different kinds and the establishment of working houses in all the gubernias." In the 19th century, the clarifying process of the content of the term "fraud" continued. It was reflected in the first codified criminal laws of the Russian Empire - Code of crimi-nal and corrective penalties of Russia of 1845 and the Charter on Punishments imposed by the justices of the peace of 1864. A significant contribution to the development of the Russian criminal law on liability for fraud was made by a group of legal scholars involved in the de-velopment of the Criminal Code of the Russian Empire, in which the whole Chapter 33 (Arti-cles 591-598) contained the rules on liability for fraud. Although the 1903 Criminal Code was not fully enacted, it had a significant impact on the formation of criminal law on liability for fraud in subsequent regulations. During the Soviet period, the legislation on the responsibility for fraud continued to develop. For the first time, abuse of trust was mentioned as a method of crime, along with deception. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the adoption in 1993 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law 10 of 01.07.1994 made signifi-cant changes to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of 1960 that served as the basis for the system of crimes against property in modern Russia.

The Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Belgium: the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations and the First Envoys

2021 ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Alla Namazova
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Military Career ◽  
Imperial Court ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Ministry ◽  
Selection Of

The author analyses the initial period of the history of diplomatic relations between Russia and the Kingdom of Belgium, from 1853 onwards. The essay is based on the study of diplomatic documents from the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire. The author focuses on Russia’s important role in the international recognition of the independence of Belgium: after the Belgian Revolution of 1830, the former was one of the great powers which guaranteed, through international legal acts, the existence of a young neutral Belgian state. The close dynastic ties between the House of Romanov and the royal family of Belgium, House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, especially between the Romanovs and the first King of the Belgians, Leopold I. The latter took up a military career in the Imperial Russian Army (1812–1815), gained a certain degree of credibility at the Imperial Court in St. Petersburg; the personal correspondence established between the two ruling Houses helped to strengthen Russian-Belgian relations. Official documents of this period demonstrate that Brussels was strategically important as an information centre where information from the nearest European capitals was accumulated. That is why the Russian Foreign Ministry approached the selection of diplomatic personnel for the Russian representation in Brussels with special care, as evidenced by the guidelines of the Foreign Ministry to envoys extraordinary and ministers plenipotentiary cited in the article. The author also gives close attention to the life and work of the Belgian envoy in St. Petersburg, Count Camille de Briey, and the first Russian envoys extraordinary and ministers plenipotentiary in Brussels in 1853–1869, namely Count Mikhail Khreptovich and Prince Nikolay Orlov, as well as Alexandr Rikhter, who contributed to the development of friendly relations between the two countries.

scholarly journals Who was collecting Hebrew books in the capital of Russian Empire and why

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Shimon M. Iakerson
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Biblical Scholar ◽  
Private Collections

By the beginning of the 20th century a unique collection of Hebrew manuscripts (more than 20000 units) and first printed books was formed in the capital of the Russian Empire. These books ended up in St.Petersburg as part of several private collections, such as the collection of a Protestant paleographer and Biblical scholar Konstantin von Tischendorf, of the Karaite leader Avraam Firkovich, of the Archimandrite Antonin Kapustin, of the Barons Gnzburg, of a First Guild merchant Moses Aryeh Leib Friedland and of an Orientalist Professor Daniel Chwolson. The history of these collections and the motives of the collecting activity of their owners are the subject of this article.

scholarly journals FEMALE LABOR ON THE RAILWAYS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE: HISTORIOGRAPHIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
V.A. Serdiuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Railway Industry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article is devoted to a general historiographic review of domestic and foreign literature on the study of the problem of the use of female labor on railways. The subject of the research is the publications of pre-revolutionary, soviet and modern researchers on the issue of women's contribution to the development of the railway industry of the Russian empire in the XIX - early XX centuries. The author attempts to answer the question how the place and role of women in railway activities before 1917 in the pre-revolutionary and soviet periods, as well as after the collapse of the USSR, was assessed. The article concluded that the literature of the post-soviet period significantly expanded the scope of studying the problem, but still relies on the historiography of the soviet period.

CATHEDRAL MOSQUE OF ST. PETERSBURG: THE HISTORY OF CONSTRUCTION AND FATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Dadakhon Gadoev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of Construction ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article highlights the processes of construction of a mosque for Muslims by the Emir of Bukhara in the Northern capital of Russia - St. Petersburg. This article also describes on whose initiative the mosque was built, what unpleasant events the mosque experienced more than a century of its history, how during the reign of the atheist policyof the Soviet period, at the request of the society of "atheists", the majestic Cathedral mosque, which at one time was the main mosque of the Russian Empire, was transformed into a repository, and the current state of the mosque

scholarly journals The debate on the publishing of the memoirs of Mikhail Muravyov and its impact on the development of the historiography of the 1863–1864 Uprising

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
D. Ch. Matveichyk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Study ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Uprising of 1863–1864 is one of the most controversial issues in Belarusian history of the period when Belarus was a part of the Russian Empire. This issue started being controversial in the 19th century; one of the important reasons for discussions was the source study factor. One of the most commonly used sources on the events of 1863–1864 was the memoirs of the Vilna Governor-General Mikhail Muravyov, published in the Russian Antiquity (Russkaya Starina) magazine. They sparked heated debate among historians and publicists; the subject of the debate was numerous cases of biased interpretation of historical facts by M. Muravyov; self-glorification and lies. Such figures as Mikhail Semevsky (the publisher of the memoirs); Nikolai Berg; Yevgeniy Karnovich; Pyotr Valuev; Sergei Yuzhakov; Alexandr Pavlov; Ivan Aksakov; Alexandr Mosolov and others were the participants of the discussion. In general; the participants were divided into two groups – critics and supporters of Muravyev. The firsts sought; based on the critic of the Muravyov postulates; to reveal the distortions and to present more objective picture of what had been happening; the seconds supported and justified everything that had been written in every possible way. The discussion confirmed the presence in the Russian historiography of the polar views and assessments of M. Muravyov as a person and as a statesman in the position of the Governor-General of Vilna; as well as attracted additional attention of historians to the issue of the Uprising in general.

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