scholarly journals Psychosocial rehabilitation and mental health (24th European Congress of Psychiatry materials review)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 010106
Author(s):  
Iryna Frankova ◽  
Polina Krasnova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychosocial Rehabilitation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
East European ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
High Level

Mental illness - is a heavy burden of modern society and may be underestimated. There are several reasons: the high prevalence of this category of disorders, high level of stigmatization, treatment gap between those who are mentally ill and those will be treated. The economic crisis and the lack of resources, make psychosocial rehabilitation of mental disorders even more complicated. This review is based on materials of the 24th Congress of the European Psychiatric Association (April 2016, Madrid), the participants of the "Eastern European Academy of the World Psychiatric Association and "Servier" company specifically for psychiatric journals of WPA Zone 10 (East European Educational WPA-Servier Academy - «EEE WPA-Servier Academy». The review will present materials from several symposiums: "Psychosocial rehabilitation and mental health", "Overcoming the stigma of mental disorders: recent advances and initiatives," "Fight stigma: a global challenge", and state-of-the-art report, "Psychosocial interventions in schizophrenia».

scholarly journals The population impact of improvements in mental health services: the case of Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 199 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Jorm
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Population Impact ◽  
High Prevalence

SummaryA national survey in 1997 found that Australia had a high prevalence of mental disorders with low rates of treatment. Since then, treatment availability has increased greatly and unmet need has reduced. However, there is little evidence that the nation's mental health has improved.

scholarly journals Minor mental disorders among undergraduate students: Prevalence and associated factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Ferreira Júnior ◽  
E de Sousa Gomes ◽  
M Pereira Lima ◽  
L Maura Mascarini
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lgbt Students ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Mental Health Centers ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Although it is recognized that mental disorders are more likely to occur in adulthood, especially in university period, and result in damage to health and incapacity for work, researches with university population are scarce in Brazil. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Minor Mental Disorders (MMD) among undergraduate students of a public university of São Paulo state, and investigate its association with social and economic conditions, sexuality and gender. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2018 with 376 undergraduate students who were halfway through the course. Data were collected from an anonymously and self-administered questionnaire, and MMD was evaluated from Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Associations were estimated through logistic regression, and odds ration calculated. We found prevalence of 53.9% of MMD among the students, and associated with gender (OR, 3.66; 95% CI, 2.37-5.67), being LGBT + (e.g Bisexuals OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.56-5.50), not receiving necessary family support (OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 2.00 - 15.68), not being satisfied with the course (OR, 23.69 95% CI, 2.95 - 190,03) and not practicing physical activities regularly (OR, 2.05; 95% IC, 1.33 - 3.17). Minor mental disorders prevalence found was high, reaching more than 70% in some courses (e.g 77.8% among Biomedicine students), mainly associated with gender, sexual orientation and emotional support. Our study draws attention to the urgency of monitoring the mental health status of undergraduate students, and implementing mental health centers at universities, as well as facilitating access and improve existing centers. Key messages The high prevalence of minor mental disorders found among undergraduate students indicates the urgent need for interventions in this populations. Women and LGBT+ students are groups at higher risk for the development of minor mental disorders at university. Strategies must be created to reduce the higher prevalence in this populations.

What is the Value of Treating Schizophrenia?

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 963-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaughan J. Carr ◽  
Terry J. Lewin ◽  
Amanda L. Neil
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Utility ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health States ◽  
Weighting Factors ◽  
Societal Welfare ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Societal Preferences

Objective: Recent generalized cost-effectiveness analyses contrasting schizophrenia with high prevalence mental disorders have noted a need to investigate the mechanisms by which the tensions between equity and efficiency can be reconciled and inform priority setting in resource allocation. This paper explores and illustrates some possible strategies for valuing mental health states, with the broad goal of improving resource allocation decisions. Method: Health utility gains derived for current and optimal treatments for schizophrenia, depression and anxiety disorders, potential societal preference weightings, and annual costs per treated case, are used to illustrate the magnitude of the impacts on relative costefficiency and societal welfare estimates. These estimates are based on costs per additional quality adjusted life year (QALY) and costs per additional S-QALY (i.e. QALYs adjusted for societal value of health gains) respectively. Results: When broader societal preferences are ignored, current and optimal treatments for depression and anxiety are around 10 times more efficient than those for schizophrenia, but treatments for all three disorders appear to give rise to similar levels of societal welfare when weighting factors reflecting equity concerns are incorporated. Conclusions: There is manifest inequality in health between individuals with schizophrenia and those with high prevalence mental disorders, even with optimal treatment. Schizophrenia is much more costly to treat but other factors require consideration. Inclusion of societal preferences should lead to more rational decisionmaking and improved societal welfare. In turn, greater effort needs to be given to the development and validation of appropriate weighting factors reflecting distributive preferences in mental health.

scholarly journals IMMIGRATION AND MENTAL DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Lambrini Kourkouta ◽  
Konstantinos Koukourikos ◽  
Ioanna V. Papathanasiou ◽  
Areti Tsaloglidou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Support Methods ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Immigration is the movement of people into a country where they will remain as its permanent residents or future citizens without having citizenship. Purpose: The purpose of this review study is to highlight the impact of immigration on the mental health of immigrants and to identify the mental disorders from which immigrants are at risk of getting ill. Methodology: The study material consisted of articles on the topic, found in Greek and international databases such as: Google Scholar, Mednet, Pubmed, Medline and the Hellenic Academic Libraries Association (HEAL-Link), using the appropriate keywords: mental illness, immigrants, treatment. Results: It is estimated that two-thirds of refugees - migrants experience anxiety and depression. Studies show that these are populations with severe social problems, unmet needs, and a range of mental health problems such as depression, panic attacks, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, suicidal ideation, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Conclusions: Addressing the mental health problems of immigrants and refugees can only be holistic. It requires much more psychosocial interventions and practical solutions, always combined with culturally appropriate psychological support methods.

scholarly journals Impact of Mental Health Background and Nutrition Intake on Medium-Term Weight Loss in Japanese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Obesity Facts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-383
Author(s):  
Atsuhito Saiki ◽  
Rieko Kanai ◽  
Shoko Nakamura ◽  
Sho Tanaka ◽  
Rena Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Average Group ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nutrition Intake

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Bariatric surgery is the most effective weight loss therapy, and recently laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is gaining popularity worldwide. On the other hand, patients undergoing bariatric surgery have a high prevalence of mental disorders. A Japanese nationwide survey reported high prevalence of mental disorders in patients with low percent total weight loss (%TWL) and also in those with high %TWL. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of 1-year %TWL with background mental health status, 3-year outcomes, and nutrition intake in Japanese patients after LSG. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study was a single-center retrospective database analysis. A total of 89 Japanese patients who underwent LSG and were followed for 3 years were enrolled (mean age 41.9 years, baseline body mass index 44.9, baseline glycosylated hemoglobin, HbA<sub>1c</sub>, 7.0%). The patients were divided into 3 groups according to 1-year %TWL as follows: ≤19.9% (insufficient group), 20.0–34.9% (average group) and ≥35.0% (excessive group). Psychosocial and nutritional status as well as physical data were collected from all patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The prevalence of mental disorders was 51.7%, and 1-year %TWL was 28.1% in all patients. No significant differences were observed in the changes in body weight and HbA<sub>1c</sub> between patients with and those without mental disorders. The prevalence of mental disorders was particularly high in the insufficient and excessive groups. In the insufficient group, mood disorders and mental retardation/developmental disorders were frequent, and snacking and eating out habits were often observed. In the excessive group, the frequencies of mood disorders and binge eating were high, and a decrease in skeletal muscle mass due to low protein intake was observed. Furthermore, weight regain was shown 12 months after LSG in both groups. In the average group, there were fewer problems in weight loss outcomes, mental health, nutrition intake and body composition. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Psychosocial and nutritional problems were often found not only in patients with insufficient weight loss, but also in those with seemingly “excellent” weight reduction. To improve long-term weight loss outcome and future health, a multidisciplinary approach focusing on mental health and nutrition is essential for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Health state utility values of high prevalence mental disorders in Australia: results from the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1815-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathrine Mihalopoulos ◽  
Lidia Engel ◽  
Long Khanh-Dao Le ◽  
Anne Magnus ◽  
Meredith Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Health State Utility ◽  
Health State ◽  
Utility Values ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health State Utility Values

‘I’m not sick!…Are you?’ Groupthink in police services as a barrier to collecting mental health data

2021 ◽  
pp. 146135572110084
Author(s):  
Rosemary Ricciardelli ◽  
Stephen M. Czarnuch ◽  
Nicolas Kozmochka ◽  
Krystle Martin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
High Prevalence

Despite the high prevalence of mental disorders among Canadian police officers, treatment-seeking is lower than expected. Toward understanding how mental health services can be tailored for higher utilization by police, we aim to uncover factors that contribute to stigma and barriers to use, specifically within the context of group dynamics between officers. Nine semi-structured focus groups and one interview were conducted with civilian and non-civilian police service employees in Ontario, Canada. Data were coded to allow for themes to emerge from the transcripts. Participant voices ( n=33) revealed the presence of three characteristics of Janis’ groupthink: high group cohesion, conditions that create high stress and low self-esteem, and operating under directive leadership; each creating pressures that serve as barriers to treatment-seeking [Janis IL (1972) Victims of Groupthink: A Psychological Study of Foreign-Policy Decisions And Fiascoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin]. Groupthink offers a potential explanation about why police, despite a high prevalence of mental disorders and access to mental health services, do not seek treatment as expected. Janis’s theory of groupthink is supported by police officer dialogue in focus groups. Understanding police group interactions can better inform prevention and treatment programs, ultimately leading to better access and use of existing mental health services, a reduction in stigma associated with treatment-seeking, and a healthier police workforce.

scholarly journals Gender Difference in Social Capital, Common Mental Disorders and Depression: ELSA-Brasil Study

Psych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Ester Paiva Souto ◽  
Arlinda B. Moreno ◽  
Dóra Chor ◽  
Enirtes Caetano Prates Melo ◽  
Sandhi M. Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
High Level

Association studies between social capital and health point out that a high level of social capital can act as a protector for mental health. The growing interest in social risk factors for mental health coincides with the development of social capital research. Higher levels of social capital available through social networks can act as a protector for mental health. This study investigates gender differences in the association between social capital and common mental disorders (CMD) and depression. We analyzed 15,052 participants in the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). CMD and depression were assessed by Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R) and social capital by the Resource Generator scale. We used Logistic regression models stratified by sex. Women with lower social capital in the social support dimension had a greater chance of presenting CMD (OR = 1.36; CI 95%: 1.16–1.60) and depression (OR = 2.07; CI 95%: 1.57–2.72) when compared to women with higher social capital. No association was identified among men, or among women in the “prestige and education” dimension. The differences found between the dimensions of social capital support its multidimensionality, as well as the differences found between sexes, confirm the need to approach gender in its association with mental health.

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