scholarly journals The development of managerial mechanisms to ensure a technological breakthrough in the Russian economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Dontsova ◽  
N. M. Abdikeev ◽  
Yu. S. Bogachev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
System Factor

The paper is devoted to improving managerial tools to ensure the effective implementation of technological breakthrough in the Russian economy. Solving the tasks of socio-economic development of the country, improving the quality of life of the population, ensuring its geopolitical position is impossible without accelerated economic growth. To ensure it, a technological breakthrough is needed in the Russian economy. In order to create appropriate conditions, new management mechanisms are needed in high-tech corporations. The methodological base of the study is based on the provisions of the theory of corporate governance, system, factor, functional and statistical analysis. The paper analyzes the experience of organizations of accelerated technological development and concludes on the effective structure of the managerial apparatus, which coordinates and monitors the activities of corporations. The main directions of state policy to ensure economic growth are identified, a factor analysis of its effectiveness and mechanisms for the formation of the conditions for the implementation of technological breakthrough are carried out. The domestic scientific potential of providing a technological breakthrough in the Russian economy is shown, the effectiveness of mechanisms for converting scientific achievements into breakthrough technologies is considered. The analysis results carried out in the work indicate the absence of a system of concentration of scientific potential for the creation of high-tech innovations. The structure of the scientific and technical platform for generating knowledge and its transformation into competitive technologies in priority sectors of the real sector of the economy is proposed, its organizational form is determined. The work results can be used in solving strategic problems of modernization of high-tech manufacturing industries.

Breakthrough Technologies: New Directions in Economic and Social Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1227-1235
Author(s):  
V. D. Ardzinov ◽  
N. V. Chepachenko ◽  
A. A. Leont’ev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Impact

The presented study examines the comparative characteristics of industrial revolution targets, national goals, and strategic objectives for the development of the Russian economy; proposes methods for measuring and evaluating technological development; describes its impact on economic growth and shows the performance of enterprises.Aim. The study aims to determine the specific features of formation of economic and social development targets and the potential of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, for shaping the technological development of the Russian economy; to propose methods for measuring and evaluating technological development and its impact on the growth and development of the national economy that would improve the quality of economic and managerial decision-making.Tasks. The authors clarify the interpretation of the concept of breakthrough technologies; identify distinctive features in the formation of industrial revolution targets and priority targets for the development of the Russian economy; substantiate methodological approaches to identifying parameters and indicators, methods for measuring and evaluating the level of technological development, its impact on the results of changes in economic growth and development of the national economy and its economic entities.Methods. The authors use the methods of scientific research, theoretical and comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, general theory of economic growth, and elements of the economic efficiency theory.Results. The interpretation of breakthrough technologies as dominant new technologies that can ensure accelerated progressive development of the economy and minimize damage to the natural environment is clarified. The distinctive features of formation of industrial revolution targets and their relationship with the targets for the development of the Russian economy are identified. Evaluative features are substantiated; indicators for measuring and evaluating the transformation of the technological development of enterprises engaged in different activities and indicators for measuring and evaluating the impact of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, on economic growth and development are proposed. The influence of the recommended measurement and evaluation methods on improving the quality of management decisions is shown.Conclusions. The study substantiates the need to improve methods for assessing the actual achieved (projected, planned) level of technological development as a necessary prerequisite for its qualitative analysis, evaluation, control, and monitoring required to make sound economic and managerial decisions. The proposed methods for measuring and evaluating technological development, measuring and evaluating the impact of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, on the quality of economic growth, efficiency and competitiveness of the national economy (region, industry, activity, enterprises) improve the quality of managerial decision-making in achieving national goals for the development of the national economy.

The ultimate controlling owner and corporate governance in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Lima Crisóstomo ◽  
Isac de Freitas Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Private Benefits ◽  
Controlling Shareholder ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Controlling Shareholders ◽  
Private Benefits Of Control ◽  
Corporate Governance System

Purpose High ownership concentration makes controlling blockholders powerful enough to use private benefits of control and able to shape the corporate governance system to favor their own interests. This paper aims to examine the effect of the nature of the ultimate firm owner on the quality of corporate governance in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach Econometric models are estimated to assess whether the nature of the ultimate controlling shareholder affects the quality of the corporate governance system. Models are estimated using panel data methodology with coefficients estimated by the generalized method of moments system estimator. Findings The results show that the absence of a controlling shareholder has a positive effect on corporate governance, whereas the presence of a controlling blockholder, or a shareholder agreement among a few large shareholders, has a negative effect. This adverse effect holds when the controlling blockholder is a family or another firm. The findings are in line with the expropriation effect given that weaker corporate governance system facilitates controlling shareholders’ ability to extract private benefits of control. The findings also give support to the substitution effect as powerful blockholders take on the management monitoring function by weakening the board. Originality value Following important previous literature, the study investigates the effect of the nature of large controlling shareholders on the adoption of good corporate governance practices. The work provides additional evidence on the effect of the nature of large controlling shareholders on the quality of the corporate governance system in Brazil, taking into account the main kinds of controlling blockholders present in that market. The findings give support to both the expropriation and substitution hypotheses highlighting the presence of the principal-principal agency model in an important emerging market, Brazil.

scholarly journals The Drivers of the Total Factor Productivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
T. K. Kvasha
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Patent Activity ◽  
Solow Model

The Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is now widely recognized as an important factor in both long-term economic growth and short-term growth fluctuations. Researchers of the International Monetary Fund came to the conclusion that the growth of the TFP was the most important long-term factor in raising the living standards. Therefore, the IMF and academics from different countries has been scrutinizing the reasons for the slowdown in TFP and investigating the underlying factors. The low rates of GDP grow in Ukraine call for finding the drivers, one of which is TFP growth. It raises the importance of analysis of the factors promoting this growth in Ukraine.  The purpose of this work is to define TFP drivers, which would be most effective for Ukraine. TFP drivers in foreign countries are analyzed, TFP dynamics for Ukraine is calculated by use of Solow model, and TFP drivers over 2000–2017 are determined.         The analysis of publications about TFP drivers at global level shows that they include: international transfer of knowledge and technologies, activities of small innovative fast-growing firms, the enhanced quality of quality of education, the increased expenditures on R&D and innovations, especially by business sector, the increased investments in intangible assets, the intensified patent activity, access of enterprises to lending. The TFP dynamics in Ukraine, calculated by the Solow model, is characterized by high growth rates by 2012, a sharp fall in 2013-2015, and a return to the growth path in 2016-2017, but, as in the whole world, by very moderate pace. The factors contributing to this return are capital investment in intangible assets, the increasing patent activity of Ukrainian researchers, the intensified innovation in the high-tech sector. Factors constraining the TFP and the contribution of innovation to economic growth are a significant proportion of technology transfer in the form of “know-how, agreements for the acquisition (transfer) of technologies”, which holds back the widespread introduction of cutting-edge technologies, and the reduction of funding for R&D and innovation. Further studies should be focused on searching for political decisions promoting implementation of structural reforms aimed to solve the existing problems and eliminate their consequences, especially in of the innovation and education field.

scholarly journals The nationalization of the scientific and technological sphere of the Russian Federation: problems and consequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
N. G. Kurakova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Science And Technology Policy ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Russian Federation

It is noted that the interim results of the achieved structural changes and the level of technological renewal of the Russian economy make it relevant to reassess the effectiveness of innovative practices and models used in the Russian Federation. The basic provisions of modern science and technology policy are analyzed. The absence of a direct dependence of the level of scientific and technological development of the country on the level of development of the national research and development sector is substantiated. It was recommended to develop a set of measures of modern science and technology policy aimed at reducing the nationalization of the scientific and technological sphere and targeting large and medium-sized companies in the real sector of the economy as the main subjects of the «technological breakthrough».

scholarly journals RESTARTING NATIONAL PROJECTS AS A CONDITION FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
AGANBEGYAN ABEL G. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
Economic Plan ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
National Economic Plan ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article describes two priority lines for action to restart national projects. First, it is necessary to move to the five-year national economic plan as a system of national projects. Second, we need new national projects, because the existing 13 projects do not cover some tasks formulated in the decrees of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin. We are talking about such tasks as increasing the real incomes of Russians and overcoming poverty, about ensuring a technological breakthrough. The author notes that we need a system of national projects, focusing on key sectors of the Russian economy, primarily in mechanical engineering. We also need new national projects to ncrease investments in the fixed capital and human capital (in the "knowledge economy"). Moreover, it is necessary to adjust the content and system of measures for some existing national projects.

scholarly journals The Causality Relationship between Technological Development Indicators and Economic Growth: The Case of Turkey

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neşe Algan ◽  
Müge Manga ◽  
Muammer Tekeoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Per Capita

The improvements in technological development indicators play a driving role in the process of economic growth and industrialization. Especially, technological developments are vital for developing countries. This study investigates the relationship between the share of R & D expenditure in GDP, the number of patent applications and GDP per capita utilizing Granger causality test for the period of 1996 - 2015. According to Granger Causality test analysis results, it is concluded that short-term one-way causality from high-tech product exports and R & D spending to GDP per capita, and one-way causality relationship from GDP per capita to patent application numbers. In addition, long-term R & D expenditures and patent applications have resulted in a positive GDP per capita, while high-tech exports, contrary to anticipation, negatively affected.

scholarly journals Special Aspects of Innovative Product Development by Knowledge-Intensive Businesses in the Current Economic Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2053-2055
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
New Products ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Production Economic ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

The article discusses the task of development of the Russian industry is not only to ensure the transition of the economy to the trajectory of sustainable development, but also to change the quality of economic growth. Here, an important role belongs to the state scientific and industrial policy which determines the overall economic strategy and the most promising basis for development. Experience shows that the priority development of the resource-based industries that have become the leading sectors of the Russian economy to date is unable to solve the problem of economic upsurge fundamentally and for the long haul. Creating new high-tech products is a complex and multifaceted process that includes scientific, technical, production, economic and social aspects, and the functioning in the market conditions requires improving the organization and management of production in the lower tier of the national economy, i.e. at the enterprise level. In the process of development of new products, certain production and management relations are established between the business units of the enterprise and between related firms, which relations reflect the links between the direct manufacturers of products, management staff, as well the organization of joint activities of participants in the production of new products. Economic growth should be based on the priority development of the group of export-oriented industries capable of being a stable, long-term driving force of development, the most promising basis for the growth of the Russian economy due to intensive factors. High-tech enterprises of the defense industry being part of the High-Tech Complex (HTC) of Russia basically form the backbone of such industries.

scholarly journals Quality of corporate governance: Contribution to improving companies performance in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Slobodan Marin ◽  
Rade Tešić ◽  
Milan Šušić
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
The Capital Market

A quality corporate governance system is a basic prerequisite for a sustainable growth economy, more easily increasing the efficiency of the economic system and guaranteeing access to external sources of capital. The level of quality of corporate governance can be defined as the degree of fulfillment of set standards of corporate governance defined at the international and national institutional level. In the new, modern business conditions, with strong dynamic changes in the social and business environment, modern corporate companies, ie their management bodies, are taking on new characteristics, adapting to new requirements and challenges. In this sense, the new demanding business conditions require continuous improvement of corporate governance potential. Based on previous theoretical and empirical knowledge, Bosnia and Herzegovina has the characteristics of a closed corporate governance system in both entities, so, as a basis for developing models for measuring the level of corporate governance, selected models that measure corporate governance in countries with typical closed corporate governance systems. A significant number of studies show that corporations that achieve higher standards and better corporate governance practices also have better business performance results and thus greater value in the capital market. This means that corporations with a higher level of corporate governance also have better financial operating results, easier access to financial capital, and greater value in the capital market. The main purpose of the research is to determine the level of influence of the quality of corporate governance on business performance, ie to determine whether corporations that had good corporate governance had higher business liquidity and vice versa. The main goal of the research is to establish the link and relationship between quality and corporate performance management indicators of the corporation's business.

Digital economy as a source of social and economic transformations of modern society

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
М.А. Измайлова
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Цифровая трансформация общества несет в себе огромные возможности для создания новых технологических секторов и бизнес-моделей, экономического роста страны и повышения качества жизни населения. Одновременно с этим предъявляются новые требования к квалификации кадров, включающие умение управлять цифровыми технологиями. Основным актором цифровых преобразований становится молодежь, демонстрирующая свою возрастающую активность в экономической сфере и общественной жизни. На молодое поколение как носителя инновационного потенциала возлагается немало надежд в прорывном научно-технологическом развитии российской экономики. The digital transformation of society brings huge opportunities for creating new technological sectors and business models, economic growth of the country and improving the quality of life of the population. At the same time, there are new requirements for the qualification of personnel, including the ability to manage digital technologies. The main factor of digital transformation is young people, demonstrating their increasing activity in the economic sphere and public life. The young generation as a carrier of innovative potential has a lot of hopes in the breakthrough scientific and technological development of the Russian economy.

Russia’s foreign trade crisis and its aftereffects

2017 ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
V. Faltsman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
The State ◽  
Statistical Estimates ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Quality Of Living ◽  
Key Indicators

The author, using his own statistical estimates of key indicators that reflect the state of the Russian economy, considers the possible scenario of its development, describing how the new stage of the foreign trade crisis would evolve, as well as the prospects of Russia’s economic growth, investment and innovative processes, the standards and quality of living of the population. The concept is proposed suggesting local incremental recovery growth in separate industries of the Russian economy with minimal risks, borrowings and budget deficit.

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