scholarly journals Special Features of the Cost Accounting System in Managing Organizations of the Housing and Utilities Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
D. Yu. Rozhkova
Keyword(s):  
Management Accounting ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
The Cost

Housing and utilities sector (HUS) is a vast nonproduction industry, the purpose of which is to provide the country’s population with a comfortable living environment. Each residential building should be provided with public utilities, and thus should be controlled by certain managing companies. The article deals with the features of the management accounting system in the managing companies of HUS. The methodological basis of the research is the theoretical aspects of management accounting and state regulations. The study was conducted in the managing organizations of the HUS. As a result of the study, a statement for management accounting is proposed which includes certain cost items special for HUS. An algorithm for determining the reimbursements for the house and the surrounding area maintenance is developed. In order to improve the efficiency of management organizations, the author singles out responsibility centers and substantiates the key indicators for them.

Management accounting as an element of the corporate management system, problems of its organization in economic entities

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Ya.Yu Taenchuk Ya.Yu
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Corporate Management System

The article describes the procedure and main problems of organizing management accounting in the general corporate management system of the economic entity, such as: low level of effectiveness of planning (budgeting) mechanism or its absence; little information from the cost accounting system; lack of well-established system for managing the activities of the economic entity as a whole and its separate structural divisions; lack of a mechanism for assessing the profitability of activities, etc.

vinced that we should not, because I am certain that the lead chambers, considering of the huge quantity of sulfur burned inside, won’t last more than 6 years instead of 15, as formerly forecasted. If that fact is confirmed, deprecia­ tion is not important enough and the profit of the soda factory is overvalued. Though the Board of Directors at the September 4, 1834 meeting was not asked for a decision as regards the length of time allowed for depreciation, it was asked to decide whether deprecia­ tion should be taken on machinery during the first year's service. In the same report, the chief accountant maintains the fictitious nature of the depreciation taken into account: . . . let me remind you of what I told you in my preceding report: there is only one means to have an exact idea of depreciation: it consists, when a building or a piece of machinery is out of use, in appraising its value, and when it is destroyed to take into the Profit and Loss Account the remaining value, less the selling price of materials. By that means we could know exactly the depreciation life of a building or a piece of machinery . . . The method of calculating depreciation was to be completely re­ viewed in the 1870’s as discussed in a subsequent section. Transfer pricing among factories. Transfer pricing also became an issue which was considered by the Company in developing its cost accounting system. The issue arose because the soda factory sold its products to the glass factory on the one hand, and to external customers on the other hand. It first seemed correct to use the same price until this price appeared excessive due to ap­ proximate methods of valuing the quality of goods sold: If that increase in the degrees (measure of quantity for soda) is of little importance for customers delivered to in Paris, it is quite different for the Saint-Gobain’s branch which pays for more degrees than it really gets. Conse­ quently, the soda factory makes a profit to the detriment of the glass factory and increases its cost prices. To conclude, the chief accountant makes some proposals among which: 3) Wouldn't it be convenient to choose a uniform way of costing as regards the transfer transactions between our branches? We could use either the cost price or the mar­ ket price.

2014 ◽  
pp. 264-264
Keyword(s):  
Glass Factory ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Subsequent Section ◽  
The One ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
The Cost

Activity-Based Costing in the Portuguese Telecommunications Industry

2010 ◽  
pp. 281-294
Author(s):  
Maria Major ◽  
Trevor Hopper
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Institutional Pressures ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Telecommunications Market ◽  
Cost Accounting System

This chapter examines an implementation of an Activity-based Costing (ABC) system in a Portuguese telecommunications firm called Marconi. It is argued that they changed its management accounting system due to efficiency and institutional pressures from its constituencies following the liberalisation of the Portuguese and European Union telecommunications market. The replacement of Marconi’s “old” management cost accounting system by an ABC system popularised by the business mass media and consultants as a “progressive” management accounting tool, helped display expectations of dynamism and efficiency to important external institutions, such as regulators. Whilst it was used and welcomed by managers dealing with commercial matters, operational managers were more unconvinced and contributed to technical problems affecting its accuracy and operation. The divided reactions of the managers give support to both advocates of ABC and its critics who claim it is beset with problems of economic measurement, behavioural issues during implementation and operation, and questionable cost-benefit returns.

scholarly journals Costs of care provided in a university hospital for children exposed to or infected with the HIV/AIDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. S402-S413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloisa Helena de Sousa Marques ◽  
Bernard François Couttolenc ◽  
Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre ◽  
Maria Zilda de Aquino ◽  
Maria Ignez Garcia Aveiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Costs Of Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
Hiv Aids

The objective of this study was to estimate and analyze the costs of treating children with HIV/AIDS at a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The study collected and analyzed data from 291 medical records of children treated at the hospital as of March 2002. The costs of treatment were estimated for each category of patient (exposed and infected) and severity, based on the quantity of inputs and procedures used in treating each child, based on the cost accounting system used at the hospital. The total cost of treatment for children exposed to the HIV was R$ 956.41 and for those infected with HIV R$ 8,092.71 per year. The mean cost of ambulatory care was R$ 6,047.28 for children with severe conditions, R$ 3,714.45 for those with light/moderate conditions, and R$ 948.63 for the exposed. Hospitalized children had annual costs of R$ 19,353.34, R$ 18,823.16, and R$ 871.03, respectively. The medication was a major factor in the cost of treatment. Our estimates are comparable to the findings from other studies, but lower than corresponding findings from the international literature.

scholarly journals Improving the methodology of accounting for income and expenses in an educational institution

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
O. Zhaltyrova ◽  
◽  
T. Kuvaldina ◽  
G. Abisheva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University

One of the most important elements of the management system of an educational institution is the accounting of income and expenses for educational programs (OP) and the calculation of the cost of educational and other services. Modern educational institutions are tasked with improving the quality of educational services and increasing their effectiveness. To solve it, the boundaries of their financial and economic independence are expanded. Currently, universities are changing their form of ownership and can be non-profit societies. The change in the system of financing universities involves the development of new mechanisms for managing an educational institution. In these conditions, it becomes inevitable to create and master new accounting systems in educational institutions, which are aimed at ensuring the tasks of effective management of the university. First of all, this applies to the management accounting system. The cost of services rendered is the sum of the university's expenses in monetary form for the implementation of educational and other services. Expanding the financial independence of universities involves the formation of reliable information about the income and expenses of the university in order to manage them. The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of accounting for income and expenses in educational institutions. The implementation of the research goal is facilitated by the use of methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, and graphical method for visualizing the results obtained. The development of the system of management accounting of income and expenses in educational institutions is focused on the formation of an effective system of information and analytical support, which involves the development of methods for accounting of income and expenses, the organization of the system of internal control of income and expenses, determining the features of management reporting of income and expenses. A methodology for income accounting has been developed that reflects the specifics of the activities of educational institutions, combines the calculation of the main income indicators, their reflection on accounts and in the registers of management accounting, and allows you to form the actual indicators of income and expenses. The optimal method of management accounting of expenses is justified, within the framework of which the classification features of the grouping of expenses are proposed, the order of consolidated accounting and the formation of management accounting registers is determined. The method of accounting for expenses will allow you to specify the directions of expenses in the context of activities, sources of funding, structural divisions, individual programs and activities.

scholarly journals Improvement of the mechanism of management accounting of enterprise expenses in the conditions of clusterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4(59)) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Pavlo Hlasov
Keyword(s):  
Management Accounting ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cluster Mechanism ◽  
Cost Accounting System

The object of research is the implementation of clustering of the economy as an effective mechanism for management accounting of the costs of enterprises. One of the most problematic areas is the identification of the main priority areas of clustering the economy, which will actively influence the development of management accounting of enterprises' costs. The use of a cluster mechanism for management cost accounting, thanks to management, information, personnel, financial, investment, and innovation potential, will create a research base for developing cost accounting methods and assess the prospects for its use in clusters. The analysis of the current state of the introduction of clustering of the economy is made on the example of Ukraine. The main characteristics of the directions of development of the introduction of clustering of the economy have been determined. The main priority areas of clustering of the economy will actively influence the development of management accounting of enterprises' costs. In the course of the study, approaches to clustering the economy as an effective mechanism for management accounting of enterprises' costs are used. The stages of the introduction of clustering of the economy as an effective mechanism for management accounting of the costs of enterprises are determined. These stages provide for the determination of the role of clustering the economy in creating an effective mechanism for accounting for expenses in clusters and the development and implementation of action plans for its implementation. The next step is to analyze the implementation of management accounting of expenses in clusters and develop the principles of its formation. For their implementation, it is proposed to develop directions for the development of the introduction of clustering of the economy and to present the cluster mechanism as an effective factor in improving the management accounting of enterprises' costs. Thanks to this, it is possible to prevent and solve the problems of management accounting of expenses in clusters and to increase the efficiency of the cluster association. In comparison with similar well-known methods, the proposed approaches allow to form an effective management cost accounting system and improve management in clusters using the cluster approach.

of the information given to the shareholders, precautions to take for upward appraisal of capital assets, choice of an investment, and dividend policy. In order to raise enough capital for its business, the Company had to inform a growing number of shareholders, which soon became inconsistent with the managers’ freedom to deal with ac­ counting information according to their own needs. The resoultion of this problem led to the distinction between standard­ ized financial accounting for external and management account­ ing for internal use. As it became more and more efficient and advanced, the accounting system led to its own splitting. CONCLUSION Compared to most of the firms, Saint-Gobain had to face very early (in the first half of the 19th century) the problems raised by the setting up of a management accounting system. However, it was not until 1820, 155 years after its creation, that it adopted double entry bookkeeping which included the calculation of costs. This evolution is mainly due to the spreading of the Industrial Revolution in France, which was responsible for the abolition of privileges and the growth of competition in the field of glass pro­ duction. During the period 1820-1880, the cost accounting system had been gradually improved, without any regular outside coercion, according to the needs of the management alone. This leads to two conclusions and two research questions. In 1880, the accounting system facilitated the reckoning of full costs with methods and procedures that are still in use (alloca­ tion of the overhead with the use of activity center accounts, up-to-date transfer pricing methods, analysis of the relationship be­ tween depreciation, dividends and investments, etc ). This full cost method is now over one hundred years old. The development and the mastering of that cost accounting system were absolutely necessary to start the next stage, that is to say the use of those costs to prepare estimates of costs and investments. That stage took place over four decades (1890 to 1930) and led to real budget control towards the end of the Second World War. It should be recognized that the accounting systems of a given period can be very different from one another, which is particu­ larly true in the 19th century, therefore research should look at the variables on which the accounting system of each firm depends. Among the internal ones, the size of the firm, the culture of its

2014 ◽  
pp. 267-267
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Double Entry ◽  
The 19Th Century

Analysis of Grain Production in the Industrial Management System of EurAsEC Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1813
Author(s):  
Zauresh TUYAKOVA ◽  
Gulmira SARSEMBAEVA ◽  
Gulnara DYUZELBAEVA ◽  
Viktor KUKHAR
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Industrial Management ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Economic Experience ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost

This article presents the results of analysis of the grain industry state of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan in comparison with the forecast and actual changes in the volumes of world production and sale of grain. A comparative analysis of the gross grain harvest and its structure, the dynamics of planting areas changes and the yield of wheat, as well as the structure of grain production prime cost, was carried out using the example of the most typical regions bordering each other - the Orenburg and Kostanay regions. The management accounting system, in particular its production accounting subsystem, is adapted to the conditions of a particular enterprise, which must be developed on the basis of management goals and capabilities. It should be noted that all the basic elements of management accounting were widely used in domestic practice. However, the lack of interest of workers in improving production efficiency did not allow to obtain the proper effect from the use of these elements. The generalization of European and domestic economic experience allows us to conclude that management accounting currently allows successfully implement the functions of accounting, planning, control and regulation of the cost of production - one of the most important indicators of the economic entity.

The Design and Implementation of Team Cost Accounting System Based on Dynamic Data Collection

2010 ◽  
Vol 439-440 ◽  
pp. 1277-1280
Author(s):  
Hong Jun Guan
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Dynamic Data ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
The Cost

With the development of information technology, as the basis of economic accounting of the companies, it is possible for team cost accounting to be provided with various of basic data collection, data processing and sharing of such data. First of all, the related technology is introduced, then combined with the production process of C4 workshop, it described the analysis result and scheme. In this process, obtaining dynamic data from production equipment is the first step, then according to different devices and various requirements of product cost accounting, calculate the cost for each team, and finally realize the need for assessment of the teams.

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