scholarly journals Ocupação em Área de Risco de Deslizamentos no Córrego do Jenipapo, Recife, Pernambuco (Occupation area at risk of landslides in Córrego do Jenipapo, Recife, Pernambuco)

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 524
Author(s):  
Josafá Henrique Gomes ◽  
Thiago Luiz do Vale Silva ◽  
Elidiane Ribeiro Guerra ◽  
Daniel Targa Dias Anastacio
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Area At Risk ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Hill ◽  
The City

A ocupação e a organização do espaço aconteceram de forma desigual, onde as camadas menos favorecidas da população terminou sendo excluída das áreas mais nobres da cidade, terminando por se fixar em áreas desvalorizadas imobiliariamente, ocupando entre outros lugares, os morros ou encostas, cuja instabilidade geológica é caracterizada pelo predomínio de escorregamentos ou deslizamentos de massa, o que gera grandes problemas para a população que nelas habitam. Na cidade do Recife, as áreas de risco, que se caracterizam como locais vulneráveis ao deslizamento de massa se encontram, principalmente, na zona norte. Assim, no intuito de conhecer melhor esses espaços e verificar o que tem sido feito para a mitigação do problema, foi escolhido para a realização do presente trabalho o bairro do Córrego do Jenipapo, o qual se localiza nessa região problemática e apresenta em toda sua extensão relevo com características que propicia a ocorrência desse fenômeno. Portanto, tem como objetivo caracterizar o Córrego do Jenipapo, localizá-lo entre os principais bairros que apresenta áreas de risco na Cidade do Recife e apontar as principais ações adotadas pela prefeitura a fim de evitar acidentes.Palavras-chave: ocupação de morro; área de risco; deslizamento de encostas; planejamento urbano. Occupation Area at Risk of Landslides in Córrego do Jenipapo, Recife, Pernambuco ABSTRACTThe occupation of space and organization occurred unevenly, where the disadvantaged sections of the population ended up being excluded from the finest areas of the city, eventually settling in areas undervalued, ranking among other places, the hills and slopes, whose geological instability is characterized by the predominance of landslides or mudslides mass, which creates major problems for the people who inhabit them. In the city of Recife, the risk areas, which are characterized as places vulnerable to sliding mass are mainly in the north. Thus, in order to better understand these areas and see what has been done to mitigate the problem, was chosen for the present work the neighborhood of Jenipapo Stream, which is located in this region and presents problems in all its extension relief with features that facilitates the occurrence of this phenomenon. Therefore, aims to characterize the Stream Jenipapo, locate it among the top districts that presents risk areas in the city of Recife and point out the main actions taken by the city to avoid accidents.Keywords: occupation of the hill; risk area, landslides, urban planning.

scholarly journals An Alternative Risk Assessment Model of Urban Waterlogging: A Case Study of Ningbo City

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Meiling Zhou ◽  
Xiuli Feng ◽  
Kaikai Liu ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Lijian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Risk Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The City

Influenced by climate change, extreme weather events occur frequently, and bring huge impacts to urban areas, including urban waterlogging. Conducting risk assessments of urban waterlogging is a critical step to diagnose problems, improve infrastructure and achieve sustainable development facing extreme weathers. This study takes Ningbo, a typical coastal city in the Yangtze River Delta, as an example to conduct a risk assessment of urban waterlogging with high-resolution remote sensing images and high-precision digital elevation models to further analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of waterlogging risk. Results indicate that waterlogging risk in the city proper of Ningbo is mainly low risk, accounting for 36.9%. The higher-risk and medium-risk areas have the same proportions, accounting for 18.7%. They are followed by the lower-risk and high-risk areas, accounting for 15.5% and 9.6%, respectively. In terms of space, waterlogging risk in the city proper of Ningbo is high in the south and low in the north. The high-risk area is mainly located to the west of Jiangdong district and the middle of Haishu district. The low-risk area is mainly distributed in the north of Jiangbei district. These results are consistent with the historical situation of waterlogging in Ningbo, which prove the effectiveness of the risk assessment model and provide an important reference for the government to prevent and mitigate waterlogging. The optimized risk assessment model is also of importance for waterlogging risk assessments in coastal cities. Based on this model, the waterlogging risk of coastal cities can be quickly assessed, combining with local characteristics, which will help improve the city’s capability of responding to waterlogging disasters and reduce socio-economic loss.

Art. VII.—Notes on Persian Belúchistán. From the Persian of Mirza Mehdy Khán. Published Teheran, July, 1875

1876 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
A. H. Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Cool Climate

The part of Belúchistán now under Persian rule is bounded upon the north by Seistán, upon the east by Panjgúr and Kej, upon the south by the Indian Ocean, and upon the west by Núrámshír, Rúdbár, and the Báshákerd mountains.This country enjoys a variety of climates; almost unbearable heat exists on the Mekrán coast, we find a temperate climate on the hill slopes and on the slightly raised plains as at Duzek and Bampúr, and a cool climate in the mountainous districts Serhad and Bazmán. The heat at Jálq is said to be so intense in summer that the gazelles lie down exhausted in the plains, and let themselves be taken by the people without any trouble.

Studies of collateral perfusion to canine middle cerebral artery territory

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (2) ◽  
pp. H560-H566 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Loftus ◽  
G. M. Greene ◽  
K. N. Detwiler ◽  
G. L. Baumbach ◽  
D. D. Heistad
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Collateral Flow ◽  
Area At Risk ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Anatomical Basis

Previous studies of intracranial collateral circulation have not distinguished between true "collateral" blood flow (flow to a region that occurs only when a primary artery is occluded) and "overlap" flow (flow to a region that is present under both normal and demand conditions). These experiments had three purposes: 1) to identify tissues that were truly collateral dependent, 2) to determine potential for true collateral flow in the absence of overlap flow, and 3) to determine whether an anatomical basis for overlap flow could be demonstrated. Branches (700-900 microns) of the dog middle cerebral artery (MCA) were perfused with autologous blood. The perfused region, which was the area at risk, was identified by intravenous injection of neutral red dye. Microspheres were used to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Overlap flow was determined by perfusion of the artery with microsphere-free blood. True collateral flow (total rCBF minus overlap flow) was determined by analysis of rCBF to the risk area after cessation of vessel perfusion. Most of the risk area had substantial levels of overlap flow (about one-third of base line). In the center of the area at risk, the true collateral-dependent area was identified [mean overlap flow 4 +/- 1 (mean +/- SE) ml.min-1.100 g-1], which had high levels of perfusion from collateral vessels (102 +/- 14) within 30 s of vascular occlusion. Microfil injection into two adjacent MCA branches showed discrete borders between vascular territories, with no overlapping vessels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

P3391Cholesterol crystals in culprit coronary artery with acute myocardial infarction and their relation to myocardial salvage

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nunohiro ◽  
S Kuwasaki ◽  
T Fukushima ◽  
S Furudono ◽  
H Suenaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Myocardial Salvage ◽  
Area At Risk ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Delayed Enhancement Imaging

Abstract The involvement of cholesterol crystals (CCs) in plaque progression and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques has been recently recognized. However, little is known about CCs and myocardial salvage in the Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the existence of CCs at the site of culprit coronary artery and myocardial salvage index (MSI).To investigate, we applied the diagnostic resources of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Methods This study included 53 AMI patients (90% with STEMI) who underwent primary PCI within 24h of onset. 53 STEMI patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) of 5th days and 3 months after PCI. Infarct size was measured on delayed-enhancement imaging, and area at risk was quantified on T2-weighted imaging. MSI was calculated as [area at risk − infarct size] × 100/area at risk. 3 months CMR with contrast-enhanced imaging of late gadolinium enhancement-LGE. Patients were divided 2 groups according to the existence of CCs at the site of culprit coronary artery. Results CCs occurs in 26 of 53 (49%). Acute 5th days risk area (13.5±4.1 vs 12.6±4.9, P=0.48) and 3months infarct size (5.3±3.5 vs 7.0±3.2, P=0.066) were not significant between CCs and no CCs group. But salvage index were significantly lower in patients with CCs group (47.7±17.5% vs 60.1±20.2%, P=0.021) Conclusion Salvage index in patients that CCs were found by the OCT analysis, remain low after AMI. This study demonstrates the potential correlation between the myocardial salvage and vulnerable morphological features of culprit lesion to the presence of CCs with AMI patients.

scholarly journals Smart Techniques in Urban Planning: An Insight to Ruled-Based Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Carlo Pisano ◽  
Giuseppe De Luca ◽  
Ahmadreza Shirvani Dastgerdi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
The North ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Design Techniques

In the last decades, the ideology of managing the city form and performance through pre-determined plans has gradually lost its validity. Some contemporary urban planning theories suggest the application of smart design techniques for managing urban complexity. However, the proposed approach has partially been experienced in practice, and more research on how to integrate them into urban planning is needed. This study aims to present an insight into the rule-based design as a smart design technique for a shift from pre-determined urban plans to design rules. The methodology is based on a comparative analysis between the experiments of some cases in the north of Europe. Research findings highlight that the capacity to deliver variety with harmony, the distinction between the roles of code writer and building designer, the potential to support the implementation process and to prescribe specific qualities, both for the spatial and organizational purposes, are significant factors for the integration of smart design techniques to urban planning.

Design of a low-cost Early Warning System (EWS) in informal settlements in Medellín, Colombia (Project Inform@Risk)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Gamperl ◽  
John Singer ◽  
Kurosch Thuro
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Area At Risk ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
The City

<p>Recent developments have led to an increased rural depopulation and migration into cities in Andean countries. This is especially the case in Colombia, where immigration from Venezuela has caused an increase in poverty in cities. In Medellín, the second largest Colombian city, this led to an accelerated growth of informal settlements in the steep slopes in the east and west of the city. Combined with the expected increase of heavy rainfall due to climate change, the landslide risk in this area is expected to increase further over the next decades. The risk is highest in the east of the city, where highly weathered dunites are exposed and the slope angle reaches 20-30° and more. In these regions, rotational slides have repeatedly occurred in the past, as detailed mapping has shown.</p><p>The project Inform@Risk tries to strengthen the resilience of these settlements against rainfall induced landslides, since relocation of the inhabitants at risk currently is not a feasible option. For this, an innovative low-cost EWS is being developed in the Barrio Bello Oriente in the east of the city. Since the exact location of a future landslide is unknown, the EWS requires a network of geosensors throughout the whole area at risk, whereby the network density is controlled by the landslide risk. This flexibility is achieved by combining horizontally installed CSM (Continuous Shear Monitor) cables with open-source wireless LoRa sensor nodes. The sensor nodes are developed on basis of an Arduino system and can be installed on infrastructure as well as in the ground. They all include a tilt sensor and additionally can be equipped with varying geotechnical and hydrogeological sensors, depending on the location and measuring target (e.g. piezometer, extensometer, inclinometer/tiltmeter).</p><p>The data produced by the geosensor network is processed by the Inform@Risk server and made available to the residents and municipal stake holders via an app and homepage. Based on meteorological, hydrological and geotechnical analyses the system can evaluate the current and make predictions of the future hazard situation. If necessary, a warning can be issued via app to the inhabitants.  Ultimately, the system should be replicable in other areas in the Andes and elsewhere in the world.</p><p>This work is funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF).</p>

scholarly journals PRECIPITAÇÃO E PERDA DE SEDIMENTOS NA ENCOSTA ITAGIBA, ZONA NORTE DE SANTA MARIA - RS

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Diniz Marques ◽  
Mauro Kumpfer Werlang
Keyword(s):  
Clay Content ◽  
Space Management ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
Horizontal Flows ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Santa Maria

Occupation in risk areas in the Brazilian cities happens, mainly, because of social segregation and space management. In the city of Santa Maria, occupation in risk areas also occurs. One of these areas is the Itagiba slope, located in the neighborhood of Chácara das Flores, nor- thern zone of the city. The route of the Santa Maria-Uruguaiana railroad, designed by the Belgium Consortium, in 1890, has lead to changes in the north side of Kennedy Town. By modifying the conformation of the landscape, the sectioning of the slope changed the topography. In this sense, this work aims to contribute to the understanding of the erosive process in the slope and establish the relationship between precipitation and total loss of sediment. Aiming at this goal, the volumes of total precipitation and the amount of sediment removed in each event of precipitation were monitored over a period of two years. For this evaluation, the pedological volumes in the Itagiba slope were analyzed in terms of texture and consistency limits. Along a toposequence was also evaluated the coefficient of infiltration. Results showed a positive correlation between the volume of precipitation and the loss of sediments. Higher volume of loss was observed in pedological volumes with higher silt content. The coefficient of infiltration decreased with increasing depth, clay content, and plasticity. The evaluation of the toposequence shows that the increase in depth causes the increase of horizontal flows, and that the conformation of the slope profile is controlled by this process.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOWN-SHIELDS’ PLANNING IN BISHOPRICS OF LIVONIA DURING THE 13TH–14TH CENTURIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Silvija Ozola
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
The North ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Temple Mount ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

Traditions of the Christianity centres’ formation can be found in Jerusalem’s oldest part where instead of domestic inhabitants’ dwellings the second king of Israel (around 1005 BC–965 BC) David built his residence on a top of the Temple Mount surrounded by deep valleys. His fortress – the City of David protected from the north side by inhabitants’ stone buildings on a slope was an unassailable public and spiritual centre that northwards extended up to the Ophel used for the governance. David’s son, king of Israel (around 970–931 BC) Solomon extended the fortified urban area where Templum Solomonis was built. In Livonia, Bishop Albrecht obtained spacious areas, where he established bishoprics and towns. At foothills, residential building of inhabitants like shields guarded Bishop’s residence. The town-shield was the Dorpat Bishopric’s centre Dorpat and the Ösel–Wiek Bishopric’s centre Haapsalu. The town of Hasenpoth in the Bishopric of Courland (1234–1583) was established at subjugated lands inhabited by the Cours: each of bishopric's urban structures intended to Bishop and the Canonical Chapter was placed separately in their own village. The main subject of research: the town-shields’ planning in Livonia. Research problem: the development of town-shields’ planning at bishoprics in Livonia during the 13th and 14th century have been studied insufficiently. Historians in Latvia often do not take into account studies of urban planning specialists on historical urban planning. Research goal: to determine common and distinctive features of town-shield design in bishoprics of Livonia. Research novelty: town-shield plans of Archbishop’s and their vassals’ residences and capitals in Livonian bishoprics subjected to the Riga Archbishopric are analyzed. Results: study formation of Livonian town-shields’ layout and structure of the 13th and 14th centuries. Main methods: inspection of town-shields in nature, analysis of archive documents, projects, cartographic materials.  

Features of city image formation in the context of European integration

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Yuriy L. Chepelevskyy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
City Image ◽  
Industrial Organizations ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The City

The article identifies the main aspects of strategic planning of the city image. In Ukraine as a democratic country, where the people are the main source of power, strategic planning, in particular in urban planning should be carried out for the people and together with the people. The stages of strategic planning are identified. They represent the relevant tasks, which should be accomplished on the basis of local public, business, and industrial organizations, thus obtaining comprehensive information about their problems and needs. The mechanisms used in the foreign practice of strategic planning are analyzed (on the example of Barcelona (Spain) and Hamburg (Germany). Community participation in strategic planning of Barcelona (Spain) and Hamburg (Germany) demonstrates its important role in Barcelona’s acquisition of the City of the Future Award (2015) and Hamburg’s high 23rd place in the 2010 World Quality of Life Ranking. The paper establishes that the cooperation of cities and society is the ground for the successful strategy; the community is a full participant in strategic planning. The main thing in the development strategy is to reach a consensus between the government-business-residents on a common vision of such development. In Germany, the planning law provides for community participation in all planning processes, and the entire population of the city can participate in the process of resolving issues using the Internet platform. Ensuring community participation in the form of partnership at all stages - both in the development process and in the implementation and monitoring of results will help optimize the process of regulating urban planning in our country.

The Defences of the Iron Age Hill-Fort at Winklebury, Basingstoke, Hampshire

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 131-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reay Robertson-Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
The People ◽  
Ancient Monuments ◽  
The Hill ◽  
River Test

This report should be read in conjunction with the report on the excavations in the interior of the fort (previous paper in these Proceedings).The site of the hill-fort lies on the north side of the North Downs Trackway (National Grid Reference SU/614528). It is also on the southern edge of the Lower Thames valley. In this area there is a gap through the Hampshire Downs which connects the Thames valley with that of the River Test.The derivation of the place name Winklebury is not entirely clear. Medieval spellings, e.g. Wiltenischebury, c. 1290; Wyltenysshbury, 1407; Wynnyshbery and Wynlysbery, 1443, suggest that the name may be of Anglo-Saxon derivation and mean the ‘fort or stronghold of the people of Wilton’, i.e. the fort owned, occupied or built by the Wiltshiremen. However, Wiltonish occurs as a surname in Romsey in the 1289 Assize Rolls, in Walter le Wyltenysshe, and thus the site name may have evolved in the 13th century through associations with this family.Building development threatened the north side of the hill-fort in 1959. Excavations were accordingly carried out by the Ancient Monuments Inspectorate of the then Ministry of Works (now the Department of the Environment), under the direction of the writer in July and August of that year.

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