scholarly journals Perda de Solo e Água e Riscos Ambientais da Concentração de Nutrientes no Escoamento Superficial em Solo Cultivado no Sistema de Plantio Direto e Submetido a Adubações Orgânicas e Mineral (Soil and Water Losses and Environmental Risks of nutrient concentr

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 093
Author(s):  
Jully Gabriela Retzlaf de Oliveira ◽  
Graziela Moraes de Cesare Barbosa ◽  
João Tavares Filho ◽  
Eloisa Cristiane Torres
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
No Till ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Simulated Rain

Os resíduos de animais constituem uma excelente fonte de nutrientes, especialmente nitrogênio - N e fósforo - P, por outro lado, aplicações em quantidades elevadas de dejetos podem extrapolar os benefícios do fertilizante e aumentar os riscos ambientais, implicando em altas cargas de nutrientes, metais e patógenos no ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as perdas de água, solo e nutrientes no escoamento superficial e os riscos ambientais advindos destas perdas em Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico cultivado no Sistema de Plantio Direto e submetido a adubações orgânicas com dejeto líquido suíno e cama de aviário e adubação mineral. As avaliações foram realizadas na área experimental do IAPAR em Londrina - PR em um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico, submetido ao Sistema de Plantio Direto. Os tratamentos constituíram de Controle (sem adubação); adubação mineral - AM (60 kg N ha-1 através da fórmula 10-30-10); doses de Dejeto Líquido Suíno – DLS: DLS 100 (equivalente a 60 kg N ha-1), DLS 200 (equivalente a 120 kg N ha-1) e doses de Cama de Aviário – CA: CA100 (equivalente a 60 kg N ha-1) e CA 200 (equivalente a 120 kg N ha-1). As avaliações foram realizadas através de chuva simulada em dois períodos (junho/2010 e setembro/2012). As perdas de água, solo e concentrações de NH4+, NO3-, Pdisp., Zn e Cu no escoamento superficial observadas neste estudo constituem uma fonte poluidora para águas superficiais de classe I, indicando que a aplicação de adubos orgânicos e mineral deve ser monitorada para não causar contaminação ambiental e riscos à saúde humana.    ABSTRACT Animal waste are an excellent source of nutrients, particularly nitrogen – N and phosphorus - P, on the other hand, applications in high amounts of waste can exceed the benefits of fertilizer and increase environmental hazards, resulting in high loads of nutrients, pathogens and metals in the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water, soil and nutrients losses in runoff and environmental risks from these losses in a Oxisol cultivated in No-Till System and subjected to organic fertilization with pig slurry and poultry manure and mineral fertilizer. The evaluations were performed in the experimental area of IAPAR in Londrina - PR for a Oxisol, submitted to No-Till System. The treatments were control (without fertilizer); mineral fertilizer - MF (60 kg N ha-1 using the formula 10-30-10); Pig Slurry – PS doses: PS 100 (equivalent to 60 kg N ha-1), PS 200 (equivalent to 120 kg N ha-1) and Poultry Manure - PM doses: PM 100 (equivalent to 60 kg N ha -1) and PM 200 (equivalent to 120 kg ha-1). The evaluation was performed using simulated rain in two periods (June / 2010 and September / 2012). The water and soil losses, and NH4+, NO3-, available P, Zn and Cu concentrations in runoff observed in this study are a source of pollution to surface water class I, indicating that the application of organic and mineral fertilizers should be monitored for not cause environmental contamination and risks to human health. Keywords: Pig Slurry; Poultry Manure; Water Erosion; Environmental Pollution.   

INFLUENCE OF THE METHOD OF PROCESSING LIGHT-GRAY FOREST SOILS ON THE CLOVER LAYER OF THE FIRST YEAR OF USE ON THE YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT OF « MOSKOVSKAYA 39 VARIETY» IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Е. V. Mikhalev ◽  
◽  
N.А. Borisov ◽  
N. А. Mineeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Traditional Technology ◽  
No Till ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

The research aim is to identify the most energy-saving and cost-effective technology for winter wheat cultivation. The maximum moisture content of soil was recorded when it was processed using Mini-till technology – from 17.2% to 17.9%, and the lowest - with traditional technology – from 15.7% to 16.4%. The lowest soil density with traditional winter wheat technology is both on the background with fertilizer (1.18%) and on the background without fertilizer (1.21%). The lowest contamination of crops with traditional technology without mineral fertilizers (42 pcs/м2). With the Mini-till technology, the total blockage increased to 51pcs/м2, and with the No-till technology, it was maximum- 128 pcs/м2. Against the mineral fertilizers, the same tendency of total blockage-from – from 40 pcs/м2 to 132 pcs/м2, respectively. With No-till technology, the total plant damage increased from 17.0 % to 14.6 %, with traditional treatment – from 12.4% to 10.1%, and with Mini-till technology-from 12.7% to 9.6%. The yield of winter wheat when using traditional plowing against the background of mineral fertilizer is 3.59 t / ha, and against the background without mineral fertilizer – 2.24 t / ha. The yield of Mini-till technology for mineral background is 3.13 t / ha, and without fertilizers-1.81 t / ha. With the No-till technology, the winter wheat yield is 1.69 t/ha, and without fertilizers – 1.11 t/ha. The highest level of profitability with Mini-till technology against the background of mineral fertilizers-73.2%.

Effects of poultry manure and mineral fertilizers on the quality of crops

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pimpini ◽  
L. Giardini ◽  
M. Borin ◽  
G. Gianquinto
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Spinach Leaves

SUMMARYPoultry manure and mineral fertilizers at two rates of application (medium and high) and in different combinations, together with a non-fertilized control, were tested at the Experimental Station of the Agricultural University of Padova, Italy (45° 21′ N, 11° 58′ E) in 1985–89.Compared to the control, all the fertilization treatments increased the incidence of larger-sized bulbs of onion and tubers of potato, improved the fruit colour of processing tomato and the raw protein content of spinach, but reduced the acidity and acids: soluble solids ratio of tomato and the dry matter content of spinach leaves.In addition, the application of 140 kg/ha of N, 140 kg/ha of P2O5 and 100 kg/ha of K2O as mineral fertilizer or as poultry manure gave the best scores of processing suitability of potato, both for sticks and chips. All the fertilization formulae, except for 140 kg/ha of N, 140 kg/ha of P2O5 and 100 kg/ha of K2O as poultry manure alone, showed significant decreases in the extractable sucrose ratio in sugarbeet, compared with the control. In processing tomato, the best scores of suitability for paste transformation were obtained with mixed fertilization (1/3 poultry manure and 2/3 mineral fertilizers) applying 210 kg/ha of N, 210 kg/ha of P2O5 and 150 kg/ha of K2O and the plots receiving only mineral fertilizers produced fruits with less favourable values of pH and electrical conductivity compared to the poultry manured ones.

scholarly journals Dynamics of soil fertility parameters in the Zaporizhzhya region and the ways of its restoration

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-362
Author(s):  
O. L. Romanenko ◽  
I. S. Kushch ◽  
A. V. Agafonova ◽  
Yu. O. Tenyukh ◽  
M. M. Solodushko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Positive Balance

During 2000–2018, the results of the application of organic and mineral fertilizers in dynamics and their effect on the content of humus and nutrients in the soils of the Zaporizhzhya region were reviewed. To control the state of soil fertility use the calculation of the balance of humus and nutrients. This makes it possible to determine the extent to which the application of nutrients with fertilizers covers their removal by crop yields. Negative tendencies have been identified, which have led to the deterioration of soil fertility in the Zaporizhia region. Measures are proposed to achieve a deficit-free balance of humus and nutrients. On average, in 2000–2018, the level of mineral fertilizer application in the Zaporizhia region remained low – 38 kg/ha (nitrogen – 28 kg, phosphorus – 7, potassium – 3 kg), and manure – only 0.2 t/ha. According to the results of agrochemical certification of agricultural lands, the dynamics of changes in the content of humus, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium over the past 18 years has been determined. The average weighted content of humus in the soils in the VIII round was 3.44 %, IX – 3.52, X – 3.40, XI (2016–2018) – 3.57 %, which indicates the stability of this indicator. The weighted average nitrogen content, which is easily hydrolyzed during all rounds, has close values (83.6–90.3 mg/kg) and corresponds to a low level of its supply. The content of mobile phosphorus compounds during the VIII – IX rounds was quite stable (97.1–101.6 mg/kg), and in the X–XI rounds there was even an increase to 123.3–123.4 mg/kg. The phosphorus regime of soils is stable and corresponds to the increased level of security, except for the ninth round (average). Potassium regime of the soil for eighteen years also remains stable and refers to a high level of security (159.6–176.8 mg/kg). The balance of humus and nutrients in the soils of the region remains negative. There is a tendency of positive changes if we compare the results for the first (2003–2014) and second (2003–2018) periods. Thus, to achieve a positive balance of humus it is necessary to apply 2 t/ha of straw (+400 kg/ha), 20 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizers and 6.4 t/ha of manure, and in 2003–2018 – respectively 2 t / ha straw (+400 kg/ha), 20 kg/ha of nitrogen, 5.8 t/ha of manure. Key words: soil, balance, dynamics, humus, fertility, organic and mineral fertilizers.

Influence of fertilizers on the productivity and quality of aubergine plant in the irrigated grey-brown soils of Absheron

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Nəcibə Zeynalabidin qızı Mirmövsümova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Brown Soil ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Positive Effect

Annotation: Influence of mineral fertilizers on aubergine plant together with organic fertilizers has been studied in the irrigated grey-brown soils of Absheron. According to the results of our research on the irrigated grey-brown soils of Absheron, it can be said that organic and mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the productivity and quality indicators of aubergine plant. Especially in the variant of N75P75K90 + 5t/ha, the results were higher than in other variants. Keywords: mineral fertilizer, organic fertilizer, irrigated grey-brown soil, aubergine plant, productivity, sugar, nitrate.

scholarly journals Performance of maize landrace under no-till as affected by the organic and mineral fertilizers

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Fávero Caires ◽  
Helio Antonio Wood Joris ◽  
Susana Churka ◽  
Renato Zardo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Maize Landrace ◽  
No Till ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers

scholarly journals Phosphorus loss by surface runoff in no-till system under mineral and organic fertilization

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oromar João Bertol ◽  
Nivaldo Eduardo Rizzi ◽  
Nerilde Favaretto ◽  
Maria do Carmo Lana
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Phosphorus Loss ◽  
Liquid Swine Manure ◽  
No Till ◽  
Site Water

The no-till system has been intensively used in the state of Paraná, Brazil, and it has increased the nutrients level at the soil surface. This has contributed for nutrient losses via runoff and consequently, off-site water pollution. The objective of this study was to evaluate phosphorus loss in surface runoff by simulated rainfall on an Oxisol, under no-till system following application of mineral fertilizer and liquid swine manure. Nitrogen, soil and water losses from the same study are reported in a separated paper. The application of liquid swine manure, compared with mineral fertilization, increased runoff concentration of total P, particulate P and dissolved reactive P by 193%, 111% and 506%, respectively, averaged for all rainfall intensities. Independently on the fertilizer source, the highest rainfall intensity provided the greatest concentration and loads of P in runoff.

scholarly journals Substitution of Mineral Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer in Maize Systems: A Meta-Analysis of Reduced Nitrogen and Carbon Emissions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Zhibiao Wei ◽  
Hao Ying ◽  
Xiaowei Guo ◽  
Minghao Zhuang ◽  
Zhenling Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Organic Carbon Sequestration

Organic fertilizer is an effective substitute for mineral fertilizer that improves crop yield and is environmentally friendly. However, the effects of substitution often vary due to complicated interactions among the organic fertilizer substitution rate (Rs), total nutrient supply, and type of cropping system used. We performed a meta-analysis of 133 maize studies, conducted worldwide, to assess maize yield and environmental performance with substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer. At an equivalent nitrogen (N) rate, substituting mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer increased maize yield by 4.22%, reduced NH3 volatilization by 64.8%, reduced N leaching and runoff by 26.9%, and increased CO2 emissions by 26.8%; however, it had no significant effect on N2O or CH4 emissions. Moreover, substitution with organic fertilizer increased the soil organic carbon sequestration rate by 925 kg C ha−1 yr−1 and decreased the global warming potential by 116 kg CO2 eq ha−1 compared with mineral fertilizer treatment. The net global warming potential after organic fertilizer substitution was −3507 kg CO2 eq ha−1, indicating a net carbon sink. Furthermore, the effect of organic fertilizer substitution varied with the fertilization rate, Rs, and treatment duration. Maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency tended to increase with increasing N application rate following substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer. Full substitution reduced N losses more than partial substitution. Further analysis revealed that the yield-optimal Rs for organic N in maize production was 40–60%. Moreover, maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency were further increased after long-term (≥ 3 years) combined use of organic and mineral fertilizers. These findings suggest that rational use of organic and mineral fertilizers improves maize productivity, increases soil organic carbon sequestration, and reduces N and C losses.

scholarly journals ORGANIC NITROGEN IN A TYPIC HAPLUDOX FERTILIZED WITH PIG SLURRY

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco André Grohskopf ◽  
Paulo Cezar Cassol ◽  
Juliano Corulli Correa ◽  
Maria Sueli Heberle Mafra ◽  
Jonas Panisson
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Total N ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
N Fractions ◽  
Annual Application

The application of pig slurry may have a different effect on nitrogen dynamics in soil compared to mineral fertilization. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the different forms of organic N in a Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico (Typic Hapludox) and their relationship to N uptake by crops in response to 10 years of annual application of pig slurry and mineral fertilizer. The treatments were application rates of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry, in addition to mineral fertilizer, organized in a randomized block design with four replications. The N contents were determined in the plant tissue and in the forms of total N and acid hydrolyzed fractions: ammonium-N, hexosamine-N, α-amino-N, amide-N, and unidentified-N. Annual application of pig slurry or mineral fertilizer increased the total-N content in the 0-10 cm depth layer. The main fractions of organic N in the soil were α-amino-N when pig slurry was applied and unidentified-N in the case of mineral fertilizers. Pig slurry increased the N fractions considered as labile: α-amino-N, ammonium-N, and amide-N. The increase in these labile organic N fractions in the soil through pig slurry application allows greater N uptake by the maize and oat crops in a no-tillage system.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Gaseous Nitrogen Losses from the Concentrated Liquid Fraction of Pig Slurries

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
G. L. Velthof ◽  
R. P. J. J. Rietra
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Mineral N

Processed manure can be an alternative source of nutrients for untreated manure and mineral fertilizers. Mineral concentrates (MCs) are derived from reversed osmosis of the liquid fraction of separated pig slurries. The emissions of ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from different (processed) manures and fertilizers were tested in an incubation experiment and a greenhouse experiment with grass as a test crop. Dry matter yields and nitrogen (N) uptake were also determined in the greenhouse experiment. Incorporation into the soil decreased on NH3 emission but increased N2O emission for all nitrogen products (mineral fertilizer, untreated slurry, MC, and solid fraction of separated slurry). Incorporation of both MC, slurries, and mineral fertilizers increased N2O emission in the incubation experiment. The lowest apparent N recovery (ANR) in the pot experiment with grass was obtained for incorporated pig slurry (30–39%) and surface-applied MC (33–38%), while the highest ANRs were obtained for liquid ammonium nitrate (45–53%) and acidified MC (43–55%). It is concluded that MCs have a similar N fertilizer value as mineral N fertilizers if NH3 emission is reduced by incorporation or acidification.

scholarly journals Collard green yield and nutritional quality with mineral and organic fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2165
Author(s):  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Márcia de Moraes Echer ◽  
Vandeir Francisco Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Collard Green

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and mineral fertilization on collard green yield, and to assess the macro and micronutrient and heavy metal concentrations of its leaves to assess the potential hazards of manure use. Collard plants (Brassica oleracea var. acephala, cv. couve-manteiga) were grown in 4-L pots filled with a clay soil under greenhouse conditions. The experimental design used was completely randomized design and the treatments in a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement: three N sources (pig slurry, poultry manure, and urea) and four N rates (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg kg-1), with four replicates. Collard greens leaves were harvested 70 days after seedling plantings. The manure application (pig slurry or poultry manure) resulted in collard yield equivalent to the application of mineral fertilizer. However, the pig slurry application resulted in an increase of leaf Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Pb concentrations. Nitrogen application rates up to 300 mg N kg-1 result in the higher yield and nutritional quality of collard leaves. The application of high rates of manure, especially pig slurry, results in the increase of heavy metal (Cd, Cr, and Pb) concentrations. However, the maximum concentrations of 0.042 mg kg-1 Cd, 0.034 mg kg-1 Cr and 0.030 mg kg-1 Pb are well lower than maximum daily intake limit established by the Brazilian legislation, indicating that the consumption of collards from organic production systems with the manure application can be considered safe and without risk to human health.

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