Dynamics of soil fertility parameters in the Zaporizhzhya region and the ways of its restoration

During 2000–2018, the results of the application of organic and mineral fertilizers in dynamics and their effect on the content of humus and nutrients in the soils of the Zaporizhzhya region were reviewed. To control the state of soil fertility use the calculation of the balance of humus and nutrients. This makes it possible to determine the extent to which the application of nutrients with fertilizers covers their removal by crop yields. Negative tendencies have been identified, which have led to the deterioration of soil fertility in the Zaporizhia region. Measures are proposed to achieve a deficit-free balance of humus and nutrients. On average, in 2000–2018, the level of mineral fertilizer application in the Zaporizhia region remained low – 38 kg/ha (nitrogen – 28 kg, phosphorus – 7, potassium – 3 kg), and manure – only 0.2 t/ha. According to the results of agrochemical certification of agricultural lands, the dynamics of changes in the content of humus, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium over the past 18 years has been determined. The average weighted content of humus in the soils in the VIII round was 3.44 %, IX – 3.52, X – 3.40, XI (2016–2018) – 3.57 %, which indicates the stability of this indicator. The weighted average nitrogen content, which is easily hydrolyzed during all rounds, has close values (83.6–90.3 mg/kg) and corresponds to a low level of its supply. The content of mobile phosphorus compounds during the VIII – IX rounds was quite stable (97.1–101.6 mg/kg), and in the X–XI rounds there was even an increase to 123.3–123.4 mg/kg. The phosphorus regime of soils is stable and corresponds to the increased level of security, except for the ninth round (average). Potassium regime of the soil for eighteen years also remains stable and refers to a high level of security (159.6–176.8 mg/kg). The balance of humus and nutrients in the soils of the region remains negative. There is a tendency of positive changes if we compare the results for the first (2003–2014) and second (2003–2018) periods. Thus, to achieve a positive balance of humus it is necessary to apply 2 t/ha of straw (+400 kg/ha), 20 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizers and 6.4 t/ha of manure, and in 2003–2018 – respectively 2 t / ha straw (+400 kg/ha), 20 kg/ha of nitrogen, 5.8 t/ha of manure. Key words: soil, balance, dynamics, humus, fertility, organic and mineral fertilizers.

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Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture ◽

10.31395/2415-8240-2020-97-1-136-144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (97) ◽

pp. 136-144

Author(s):

H.M. Hospodarenko ◽

◽

I.V. Prokopchuk ◽

K. P. Leonova ◽

V.P. Boyko

Keyword(s):

Crop Rotation ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

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Soil fertility management in apple orchard with microbial biofertilizers

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202022203020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 222 ◽

pp. 03020

Author(s):

Andrei Kuzin ◽

Alexei Solovchenko ◽

Ludmila Stepantsova ◽

Grigory Pugachev

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

High Rate ◽

Mineral Fertilizers

Intensification of horticulture in Russia involves planting of new high-density orchards with drip irrigation and fertigation as well as intensification of the exploitation of traditional orchards. This approach involves an increase in mineral fertilizer application imposing the risk of soil fertility loss. For several reasons, the use of traditional organic fertilizers like manure in orchards is currently marginal. Although bacteria-based biofertilizers cannot substitute mineral fertilizers completely, they can significantly reduce the need for mineral fertilizer application. The effect of microbial biofertilizers of the brands “Azotovit” (Azotobacter chroococcum), “Phosphatovit” (Bacillus mucilaginosus), as well as a mixture of bacteria and the fungus, “Organic” (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma harzian) was studied in two field experiments. In the experiment #1, the preparations “Azotovit” and “Phosphatovit” were delivered through a drip irrigation system in various combinations with mineral fertilizers. In experiment #2, the preparation “Organic” was also applied to the soil with irrigation water, also in combination with the mineral fertilizer. When solely applied, none of the studied preparations changed significantly the soil nutrient content and yield as compared with the variant fertilized by the mineral fertilizer at the maximum studied application rate. The combination of the microbial biofertilizer and mineral fertilizers applied at a low rate ensured the yield commensurate to that obtained under high-rate application of the mineral fertilizer.

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Soil conditions and yield of repeatedly grown apple orchard depending on long-term fertilizer application

Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture ◽

10.31395/2415-8240-2021-98-1-34-47 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (98) ◽

pp. 34-47

Author(s):

P. H. Kopytko ◽

◽

R. V. Yakovenko

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Humus Content ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Apple Trees ◽

The Impact

The issue of scientifically sound fertilizer application in fruit plantations, which are long-term and re-grown in one place remains insufficiently studied. To solve this problem is possible only in long-term stationary studies, as the impact of different fertilizer systems on changes in soil properties and tree productivity for a long period of their use. The results of researches of long-term fertilizer influence on the main fertility indices of dark gray podzolic heavy loam soil and productivity of repeatedly grown apple trees of Idared varieties on seed and vegetative (M4) rootstocks and Calville snow on seedling rootstock are considered. During the 85-year period of growing the first and second generation of apple trees in the experimental garden, the organic fertilizer (40 t/ha of cattle manure), mineral fertilizer (N120P120K120) and their combination (20 t/ha of manure + N60P60K60) were applied in the old plantation every two years in autumn in plowing in rows at 18–20 cm, and in the new repetition: manure, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as well, and nitrogen fertilizer in half doses annually in spring for cultivation or disk plowing to a depth of 12–15 cm. As a result of research it was found that organic fertilizer better than mineral fertilizers provided the formation of soil fertility (humus and mobile compounds and forms of nutrients, soil reaction) and yield capacity of experimental apple trees, which for all years of fruiting exceeded the total yield of Calville snow and Idared on seedling and vegetative rootstocks, respectively, by 34.8, 27.7 and 23.4 % compared with the yield of the control non-fertilized areas and 16.0, 15.8 and 13.2 % – on those fertilized with N120Р120К120. Similar parameters of soil fertility indicators are formed by the organo-mineral fertilizer system with systematic long-term application of half the norms of organic and mineral fertilizers of manure 20 t/ha together with N60P60K60. However, the mineral system (N120P120K120) significantly less increases the humus content and content of macronutrients available for plant nutrition and does not enrich the soil with trace elements, acidifies the reaction of the soil environment

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Influence of mineral fertilizers on growth, development and yield of sunflower in conditions of Luhansk region

Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing” ◽

10.35550/visnykagro2019.21.056 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 (2) ◽

pp. 56-64

Author(s):

S.V. Masliev ◽

I.I. Yarchuk ◽

V.V. Stepanov ◽

S.V. Shkvar

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Plant Density ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Fertilizer Efficiency ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Natural Fertility ◽

Fertilizer System

One of the main factors of intensification in crop production is the effective using of mineral fertilizers. There must be a clear and correct approach to the development of the crop fertilizer system, in the context of the current reduction of the soil’s natural fertility and high environmental burden. A scientifically sound fertilization system must ensure not only high crop yields with optimum product quality indicators, but also the preservation or different increase of soil fertility while maintaining environmental safety. The effectiveness of mineral fertilizers depends on both the ratio of nutrients and their forms. With the same amount of active substance, different forms of fertilizers provide different results, due to the physiological characteristics of fertilizers and plants. The rational application of fertilizers is only possible when understanding the deep connection between soil agrochemistry and plant physiology. The highest yield of sunflower hybrids was obtained in the case of fertilizer application at a dose of N60P90. The application of mineral fertilizers with different doses increases the yield of sunflower hybrids by 0.16-0.43 t / ha. However, the level of mineral fertilizer efficiency varies and depends on other factors. Therefore, the question of the effectiveness of the application of mineral fertilizers during the cultivation of sunflower in the conditions of the zone of insufficient moistening of the Steppe of Ukraine needs more systematic study. Key words: sunflower, mineral fertilizers, mineral nutrition, cultivation technology, yield, plant density, biological yield.

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Removal of nourishing substances with meadow grass harvest

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.15421/nvlvet8409 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (84) ◽

Author(s):

I. V. Vyhovsky

Keyword(s):

Lolium Multiflorum ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

National Academy Of Sciences ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Growth Stimulator ◽

Positive Balance ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium

At present, the need for crops in fertilizers is determined by an amount of mineral nutrients carried out by the planned crop and by the results of field experiment, taking into account the effective fertility of the soil. Experimental studies were conducted on the eroded slope of steepness 6–7° on the basis of the Rivne Institute of Agricultural Production of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The soil of the experimental site is dark gray, light-sand, medium-grained, extracted. In order to create cereal-leguminous grass, haymaking, the grass-blend was planted in a non-obtrusive manner, the following grasses were added to the composition: alfalfa sowed (4.4 million pounds per hectare) + long beetroot horned (4.4 million pounds per hectare) + bromus inermis (3.4 million pounds per hectare) + Lolium perenne (3.4 million pounds per hectare). The experiment used double and triple combinations of mineral fertilizers in accordance with the scheme and used growth stimulants (emistom C and fumar). Nitrogen fertilizers were administered in the dose N30 in the spring and after the second slump. Phosphoric and potassium – in the spring. Results of our analysis show that the removal of nutrients and their content in the root remains more depend on the harvest of dry overground mass and accumulation of root residues, than from the chemical composition of cereals and legumes grass mix. In variants where mineral nitrogen was not introduced, the accumulation of this element in the crop occurs at the expense of growth stimulator (fumar) and the symbiotic fixation of nitrogen by bean grasses. We have established that the removal of nitrogen with the harvest was 162.4–240.0 kg/ha, phosphorus 46.5–66.7 kg/ha, potassium – 184.8–240.0 kg/ha. The highest yield was from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in variants with full mineral fertilizer in the norm N60P60K90 + growth stimulator fumar and was 240.0 kg/ha, 66.7 kg/ha, 240.0 kg/ha respectively. The results are presented, which confirm that at a low level of mineral nutrition a significant amount of nutrients is removed by the harvest. According to our calculations, a positive balance between nitrogen and phosphorus and negative for potassium was noted on variants of cereal-leguminous grasses of hayfield use (Medicago sativa alfalfa crop, Lotus corniculatus lyadvenets Horned, Promus rump beardless inermis, and Lolium multiflorum) with full mineral fertilizers in a dose of N60P60K90 + fumar. It was established that cereal grasses use nitrogen in the ear staining phase, and fertilizer and root residues are not sufficient to cover its removal with a biological harvest.

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Change of the redox potential in the profile of light grey forest surface-gleyed soil under different anthropogenic

Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection "Agriculture" ◽

10.31073/zem.95.26-29 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (95) ◽

pp. 26-29

Author(s):

O.S. Gavrishko ◽

Yu.M. Olifir ◽

T.V. Partyka

Keyword(s):

Redox Potential ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Gleyed Soil ◽

Agricultural Use ◽

Fertilizer System ◽

And Control ◽

The Given

The results of studies of the change in redox potential in the profile of light gray forest surface-gleyed soil on variants with long-term agricultural use without applying fertilizers and mineral fertilizer system solely compared with the soil under the forest are presented. On the basis of the conducted analyzes it was established, that soil tillage without fertilizer application and with mineral fertilizer solely has a different effect on ROP in the profile. In the soil without fertilization (control) as compared to the forest a moderate oxidizing (514 mV) and slightly oxidizing (437 mV) processes are happening. Prolonged application of mineral fertilizers to the soil (N65R68K68) significantly reduced the redox potential of all genetic horizons compared with forest and control without fertilizers. For the given fertilizer system the highest values of ROP were obtained in arable HEgl and underarable HEgl layers: 426 mV and 416 mV respectively. Redox potential sharply decreases with the depth to 398-311 mV, which characterizes processes occurring in the soil profile, as weakly reducing and close to moderately reducing.

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SEQUENCING INTEGRATED SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE CROP INTENSIFICATION BY DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN ZIMBABWE

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479714000131 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 17-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

H. NEZOMBA ◽

F. MTAMBANENGWE ◽

R. CHIKOWO ◽

P. MAPFUMO

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Soil Productivity ◽

Soil Fertility Management ◽

Management Options ◽

Integrated Soil Fertility Management ◽

Fertility Management ◽

Maize Grain

SUMMARYResearch has proved that integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) can increase crop yields at the field and farm scales. However, its uptake by smallholder farmers in Africa is often constrained by lack of technical guidelines on effective starting points and how the different ISFM options can be combined to increase crop productivity on a sustainable basis. A 4-year study was conducted on sandy soils (<10% clay) on smallholder farms in eastern Zimbabwe to assess how sequencing of different ISFM options may lead to incremental gains in soil productivity, enhanced efficiency of resource use, and increase crop yields at field scale. The sequences were primarily based on low-quality organic resources, nitrogen-fixing green manure and grain legumes, and mineral fertilizers. To enable comparison of legume and maize grain yields among treatments, yields were converted to energy (kilocalories) and protein (kg) equivalents. In the first year, ‘Manure-start’, a cattle manure-based sequence, yielded 3.4 t ha−1of maize grain compared with 2.5 and 0.4 t ha−1under a woodland litter-based sequence (‘Litter-start’) and continuous unfertilized maize control, respectively. The ‘Manure-start’ produced 12 × 106kilocalories (kcal); significantly (p< 0.05) out-yielding ‘Litter start’ and a fertilizer-based sequence (‘Fertilizer-start’) by 50%. A soyabean-based sequence, ‘Soya-start’, gave the highest protein production of 720 kg against <450 kg for the other sequencing treatments. In the second year, the sequences yielded an average of 5.7 t ha−1of maize grain, producing over 19 × 106kcal and 400 kg of protein. Consequently, the sequences significantly out-performed farmers’ designated poor fields by ~ fivefold. In the third year, ‘Soya-start’ gave the highest maize grain yield of 3.7 t ha−1; translating to 1.5 and 3 times more calories than under farmers’ designated rich and poor fields, respectively. In the fourth year, ‘Fertilizer-start’ produced the highest calories and protein of 14 × 106kcal and 340 kg, respectively. Cumulatively over 4 years, ‘Manure-start’ and ‘Soya-start’ gave the highest calories and protein, out-performing farmers’ designated rich and poor fields. Sunnhemp (Crotalaria junceaL.)-based sequences, ‘Green-start’ and ‘Fertilizer-start’, recorded the highest gains in plant available soil P of ~ 4 mg kg−1over the 4-year period. Assessment of P agronomic efficiencies showed significantly more benefits under the ISFM-based sequences than under farmers’ designated rich and poor fields. Based on costs of seed, nutrients and labour, ‘Soya-start’ gave the best net present value over the 4 years, while ‘Fertilizer-start’ was financially the least attractive. Overall, the ISFM-based sequences were more profitable than fields designated as rich and poor by farmers. We concluded that ISFM-based sequences can provide options for farm-level intensification by different categories of smallholder farmers in Southern Africa.

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Influence of Fertilizers on the Biodiversity of Semi-natural Grassland in the Eastern Carpathians

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4118363 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 195

Author(s):

Costel SAMUIL ◽

Vasile VINTU ◽

Culita SIRBU ◽

Mihai STAVARACHE

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Nardus Stricta ◽

Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Eastern Carpathians ◽

Natural Grasslands ◽

Soil Fertility Status ◽

Natural Grassland

This investigation examines the influence of fertilization with organic and mineral fertilizers on the biodiversity of grasslands containing Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris and Nardus stricta. Permanent meadows were studied in terms of production of food, and of biodiversity. The current strategy of using organic fertilizers has raised concerns about resource conservation and environmental protection. The increase in the number of species is due to the fertilizers that have been applied leading to changes in the soil fertility status. This change in soil fertility has allowed other mesotrophic and eutrophic species to become established in fertilized meadows. In Romania, meadows belonging to this category occupy an area of approximately 1,600,000 hectares and have relatively low production rates. The experiment was located at Pojorata, Suceava County (Romania), in two different natural grasslands that had different floristic compositions. Manure improved the growth of a number of species, especially in the "plants from other botanical families" category, because of the pool of seeds that it contains. Using a management system based on fertilization with small amounts of organic and mineral fertilizers can help preserve the biodiversity of these meadows. The results of this study, in an area considered representative for large parts of the mountainous areas of Romania, indicated that fertilization treatments were able to maintain a high species diversity.

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Agronomical Field Testing of New Kinds of Multicomponent Mineral Fertilizers

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal ◽

10.18321/ectj197 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 79

Author(s):

K.T. Zhantasov ◽

Z.U. Myrhalykov ◽

S.M. Moldabekov ◽

M.K. Zhantasov ◽

B.T. Omarov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Field Testing ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Essential Difference ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

Analysis of modern scientific literature and patents has shown the absence of acid-free production technology of a mechanically activated multicomponent mineral fertilizer containing water-holding substances. Experimental researches connecting with mechanochemical activation and physicochemical properties of Karatau phosphorites prove a possibility of development of a new multicomponent mineral fertilizer. Application of inorganic and organic activators considerably improves qualities of fertilizers because the developed fertilizer mixtures contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humate and microelements. The suggested technology intends to use wastes of coal mining that leads to presence of humates and microelements in the end product. It was determined, that content of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium depends on a form of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium-containing substances. The given article contains data of researches connecting with use of multicomponent mineral fertilizers in field conditions for cotton cultivation on irrigated light sierozems consisting of soil-forming rocks of loess and loess-type clay loams. The research results show the increase of soil’s fertility and cotton’s productivity. Studying of agronomic efficiency of the new kinds of mechanically activated multicomponent mineral fertilizers at the cultivation of a bean-cereal mixture has been carried out in the Negorelsk experimental nursery-garden of the Belarus State Technical University on a sod-podzol sandy-loam soil and has shown the essential influence on productivity and quality of the bean-cereal mixture. The researches fulfilled on a sod-podzol sandy-loam soil have revealed the essential increase of key indicators of feed productivity. Application of the mineral fertilizers has promoted increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in green plants. In so doing content of calcium and magnesium in green mass depends from quantity of the fertilizer used to a smaller extent. An essential difference of crop capacity and feed productivity indicators depending on forms of the applied mineral fertilizers has not been found.

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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) productivity in response to different fertilization strategies

Revista Agro mbiente On-line ◽

10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v11i4.4080 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 296 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wellington Da Silva Toledo ◽

João Paulo Agápto ◽

Gustavo Fonseca De Almeida

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Production Management ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Manure Compost ◽

Sheep Manure ◽

Pod Length ◽

Pod Number

The feasibility of reducing non-renewable natural resources use in agriculture, associated with the need for ecologically-appropriate of organic waste disposal has become an important element in planning more sustainable agricultural systems. Consequently, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the response of the common bean, growing in an Eutrophic Latosol in the city of Buri-SP, to the application of organic and mineral fertilizers. An experiment was carried out in the 2015 agricultural year, using a randomized block design with 4 replicates and 5 treatments, these being: 1 - mineral fertilizer; 2 - organomineral fertilizer; 3 - sheep manure compost; 4 - chicken bedding compost, and control (soil without fertilizer application). The tested variables were: pod length (cm); per plant pod number; per pod seed number; mass of 100 grains (g); and grain yield (kg ha-1). Organomineral fertilizer provided the most significant increase in pod length, per plant pod number, and yield compared to the other treatments, except for sheep manure compost, where productivity did not differ. In addition, with the exception of mass per 100 seeds, there was no difference between treatments using organic fertilization and mineral fertilizer. Under the current study´s experimental conditions, organomineral fertilizer and sheep manure compost produced the highest productivity for common beans. Thus, mineral fertilization can be replaced by organic or organomineral alternatives, so helping to produce more sustainable production management and help reduce environmental impacts.

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